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Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Y. Proskurina et al.
Summary: Low-frequency electrical stimulation is effective in treating drug-resistant forms of epilepsy, but carries risks of side effects. Optogenetics provides a safer approach by targeting specific populations of neurons. In this study, we found that optogenetic activation of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons replaced epileptic activity, suggesting an antiepileptic effect through changes in ion gradients and Na-K pumping. Therefore, a less specific and generalized optogenetic approach was more effective in suppressing seizures in the 4-aminopyridine model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Murilo S. de Abreu et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Volnova et al.
Summary: Gap junctions between astrocytes play a crucial role in regulating epileptic seizures by controlling the synchronization of pathological neuronal activity. Blocking these intercellular channels could be an important mechanism in suppressing epileptic activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosemary Westcott et al.
Summary: This study reveals that the different isoforms of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) play important roles in the pathogenesis of drug-resistant epilepsy with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). The expression of GR beta is upregulated in dysplastic brain tissue and is associated with age and gender. The findings suggest that GR beta could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for dysplasia in epilepsy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ida Manna et al.
Summary: Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common form of focal epilepsy, considered a network disorder associated with structural changes. Non-coding RNAs, acting as epigenetic factors, participate in the regulation of the pathophysiological processes of epilepsy and can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatiana O. Kolesnikova et al.
Summary: Channelopathies are systemic disorders associated with dysfunctional ion channels. The zebrafish has become a popular model organism for studying these disorders, but there are still challenges to overcome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatyana A. Druzhkova et al.
Summary: The study investigates the involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inflammatory processes, and neurotrophic factor systems in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and depressive disorders. The results confirm the role of these systems in both epilepsy and depression and provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of these two conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lev G. Zavileyskiy et al.
Summary: Abnormal energy expenditure and metabolic regulation through protein acylation were found during seizures, suggesting the potential of acylation as a therapeutic target. The study investigated the changes in brain acylation system components after seizures in a rat model. Significant differences in acylations and changes in glycolysis and energy metabolism-related proteins were observed after seizures. However, no significant differences were found between single and chronic seizures regarding acylations, pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, SIRT2 expression, or NAD(+). Decreased expression of SIRT3 and SIRT5, as well as decreased activity of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), were observed in chronic seizures. Negative correlations were found between protein succinylation/glutarylation and SIRT5 expression, and positive correlations were found between protein acetylation and SIRT2 expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatyana Y. Postnikova et al.
Summary: Status epilepticus (SE) causes persistent abnormalities in neuronal network functioning, leading to worsening epileptic seizures. Using the lithium-pilocarpine model in rats, this study found that SE resulted in hippocampal and dentate gyrus neuron death, impaired synaptic plasticity, astrogliosis, and weakened NMDAR-dependent signaling, leading to attenuation of long-term potentiation (LTP). The study suggests that disruption in neuron-astrocyte interactions critically impairs synaptic plasticity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliska Waloschkova et al.
Summary: The transplantation of GABAergic interneuron precursors derived from human embryonic stem cells into the hippocampi of epileptic rats showed their maturation into functional GABAergic interneurons in the host brain, which reduced the rate of epileptiform discharges and decreased seizure frequency in vivo, demonstrating the potential therapeutic effect of this approach.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
