Anal cancer screening results from 18-to-34-year-old men who have sex with men living with HIV

Article Virology

Provider preferences for anal cancer prevention screening: Results of the International Anal Neoplasia Society survey

Rosalyn E. Plotzker et al.

Summary: This study found that cytology and digital anorectal exam are preferred screening tools; there is a lack of consensus on the age for starting anal cancer screening and the referral threshold for high resolution anoscopy (HRA).

TUMOUR VIRUS RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Immunology

Anal Cancer Screening and Prevention: Summary of Evidence Reviewed for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infection Guidelines

Luis F. Barroso et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the key questions, evidence, recommendations, and areas for further research in the screening, diagnosis, and prevention of anal cancer as discussed by the advisory group convened by CDC in June 2019.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Treatment of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions to Prevent Anal Cancer

J. M. Palefsky et al.

Summary: Treatment for anal HSIL can significantly reduce the risk of anal cancer in persons living with HIV.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Immunology

The Natural History of Anal High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions in Gay and Bisexual Men

I. Mary Poynten et al.

Summary: This study found that factors such as younger age, HIV positivity, and persistent HPV16 infection were associated with a higher incidence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). On the other hand, factors like younger age, smaller lesions, and absence of persistent HPV16 infection were associated with a higher clearance rate of HSIL.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Oncology

A meta-analysis of anal cancer incidence by risk group: Toward a unified anal cancer risk scale

Gary M. Clifford et al.

Summary: Certain population groups such as PLHIV, MSM, SOTRs, and patients with autoimmune diseases have higher anal cancer risks. The incidence rates vary significantly among different groups, with HIV-positive MSM showing the highest rates. Prioritizing anal cancer prevention and research in these high-risk groups is crucial.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Immunology

Comparing Anal Cancer Screening Algorithms Using Cytology and Human Papillomavirus DNA Testing in 3 High-Risk Populations

Michael M. Gaisa et al.

Summary: This study compared anal cytology, hrHPV DNA testing, and two novel cytology/hrHPV cotesting algorithms in detecting anal precancer/cancer among high-risk populations. The results showed that screening algorithms incorporating cytology and hrHPV testing significantly increased sensitivity but decreased specificity, particularly performing well in MSM.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology

High Prevalence of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions, and Prevention Through Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, in Young Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Joel M. Palefsky et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine on young MSM with HIV. The results showed that vaccination did not provide protection against vaccine-type HPV infection and related lesions. Therefore, it is recommended to vaccinate MSM before initiating sexual activity to prevent HPV-related diseases.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Immunology

Vaccine acceptability, uptake and completion amongst men who have sex with men: A systematic review, meta-analysis and theoretical framework

Tom Nadarzynski et al.

Summary: Despite the high levels of vaccine acceptability among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, the actual vaccine uptake and completion rates were found to be lower than predicted. Factors associated with vaccination outcomes included individual, interpersonal, healthcare provider, organizational and practice setting, community environment, and national policy environment.

VACCINE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 29 900 men according to HIV status, sexuality, and age: a collaborative pooled analysis of 64 studies

Feixue Wei et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the age-specific prevalence of anal HPV and HSIL in men, stratified by HIV status and sexuality, highlighting the importance of gender-neutral HPV vaccination and anal cancer screening research for high-risk populations.

LANCET HIV (2021)

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Article Immunology