Structural characterization of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides and the mechanism of anti-T2DM by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites

Article Food Science & Technology

Antioxidative and Protective Effect of Morchella esculenta against Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Alterations in Liver

Shutong Chen et al.

Summary: Morchella esculenta polysaccharides (MEPs) have antioxidant properties and can protect the liver from injury.

FOODS (2023)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Differences in the Distribution of Ceramides and Sphingosine among Lipoprotein and Lipoprotein-Depleted Fractions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Makoto Kurano et al.

Summary: This study revealed the modulation of ceramides and sphingosine levels in lipoproteins and lipoprotein-depleted fractions in subjects with type 2 diabetes, and their association with cardiovascular diseases and diabetic nephropathy. The carrier was found to be an important factor for the biological properties and clinical significance of these sphingolipids.

JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS (2022)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Health benefits of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide on intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice

Xiaoxiang Gao et al.

Summary: This study revealed that Grifola frondosa polysaccharide has regulatory effects on intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice, improving the diversity of gut flora and altering the composition and relative abundance of microbiota at the phylum and genus levels. Through LEfSe analysis, specific microbiota such as Robinsoniella, Flavonifractor, Anaerotruncus, and Desulfvibrio were found to be significantly enriched in diabetic mice.

FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Structural characterization of two Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides and their protective effects on the alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury

Chuanli Hou et al.

Summary: Research found that the mycelium polysaccharide (HMP) from Hericium erinaceus had a more uniform distribution compared to the fruiting body polysaccharide (HFP), with HMP also showing greater conformational stability. Both HMP and HFP exhibited protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury, but HMP had better activity than HFP.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Toxicology

Ameliorative impacts of chrysin against gibberellic acid-induced liver and kidney damage through the regulation of antioxidants, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis biomarkers

Mohamed Mohamed Soliman et al.

Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of chrysin against liver and kidney dysfunction induced by gibberellic acid (GA3). The results showed that pre-administration of chrysin significantly attenuated the harmful effects of GA3 on liver and kidney tissues and restored their functions and antioxidant abilities to normal levels. Furthermore, chrysin modulated the toxic effects of GA3 at the molecular level by regulating the expression of various signaling pathways, including upregulation of antiapoptotic genes, downregulation of kidney injury markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and regulation of cytochrome P450. These findings suggest that chrysin has great potential in counteracting the oxidative stress induced by GA3.

TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Short-chain fatty acids can improve lipid and glucose metabolism independently of the pig gut microbiota

Hua Zhou et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of exogenous introduction of SCFAs on lipid and glucose metabolism in a germ-free pig model. The results suggest that orally administered SCFAs may increase adiponectin concentration, reduce gene expression related to lipid metabolism in liver and muscles, and promote the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids.

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Analysis of jejunum microbiota of HFD/STZ diabetic rats

Babiker Saad Almugadam et al.

Summary: The study revealed a significant decrease in richness and diversity of jejunum microbiota in T2DM, while Ceftriaxone sodium-induced gut dysbiosis reduced food-water intake and affected microbiota diversity, along with diabetic parameters.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Plantaginis Semen polysaccharides ameliorate renal damage through regulating NLRP3 inflammasome in gouty nephropathy rats

Hong Zhao et al.

Summary: Plantaginis Semen polysaccharides have shown activity in protecting against renal damage by reducing inflammatory response and regulating NLRP3 protein in renal tissue. The mechanism involves NLRP3 inflammasome signal pathways, with down-regulation of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 protein expression levels, leading to inhibition of downstream inflammatory factors release. These polysaccharides show promise in protecting against renal injury in GN rats and have potential as functional food ingredients or pharmacological agents for treating GN in clinical practice.

FOOD & FUNCTION (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antrodin A from Antrodia camphorata modulates the gut microbiome and liver metabolome in mice exposed to acute alcohol intake

Zhenwei Yi et al.

Summary: Antrodin A (AdA) from Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) mycelium showed a protective effect on alcohol-induced gut microbiota and liver metabolomic disorders in mice with acute alcoholic liver injury. AdA improved hepatic lipid deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver damage by modulating microbiome and metabolomic responses. It also restored the composition of intestinal flora and regulated alcohol-induced metabolic disorders.

FOOD & FUNCTION (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences