Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) polysaccharides improve obesity in mice by regulating gut microbiota and TLR4/JNK signaling pathway

Obesity has emerged as a crucial factor impacting people's lives, and gut microbiota disorders contribute to its development and progression. Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) polysaccharides (AAPs), a traditional functional food in Asia, exhibit potential anti-obesity effects. However, the specific mechanism still needs to be further confirmed. This study investigated the beneficial effects and specific mechanisms of AAPs on obesity. Firstly, AAPs showed significant improvements in overweight, insulin resistance, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and liver damage in obese mice. Additionally, AAPs ameliorated gut microbiota disorders, promoting the pro-liferation of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Roseburia, resulting in increased levels of SCFAs, folate, and cobalamin. Simultaneously, AAPs inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria, thereby protecting intestinal barrier function, improving endotoxemia, and decreasing the levels of inflammatory factors such as TNF-& alpha; and IL-6. Furthermore, AAPs can inhibit the TLR4/JNK signaling pathway while promoting the activation of AKT and AMPK. Importantly, our study underscored the pivotal role of gut microbiota in the anti-obesity effects of AAPs, as evidenced by fecal microbiota transplantation experiments. In conclusion, our findings elucidated that AAPs improve obesity by regulating gut microbiota and TLR4/JNK signaling pathway, offering novel perspectives for further conclusion the anti-obesity potential of AAPs.

Automated summary

Obesity is greatly influenced by gut microbiota disorders, and Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharides (AAPs) have shown potential anti-obesity effects. This study revealed that AAPs improved overweight, insulin resistance, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and liver damage in obese mice. AAPs also restored gut microbiota balance, inhibited harmful bacteria growth, and promoted the proliferation of beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, AAPs regulated the TLR4/JNK signaling pathway and activated AKT and AMPK. These findings highlight the importance of gut microbiota in the anti-obesity effects of AAPs.