Duration of antibiotic therapy among paediatricians: A national survey of current clinical practice in Spain

Review Immunology

Antibiotic Treatment Duration for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Outpatient Children in High-Income Countries-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ilari Kuitunen et al.

Summary: Based on a meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled studies, it was found that short antibiotic treatment (3-5 days) was as effective and safe as longer treatment (7-10 days) for community-acquired pneumonia in children in high-income countries.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Short-course antibiotics for common infections: what do we know and where do we go from here?

Rachael A. Lee et al.

Summary: Background: Over the past 25 years, research has shown that short-course antibiotic treatments are as effective as long-course treatments for common bacterial infections. Objective: This study aimed to determine whether clinical data supports the use of shorter antibiotic durations for 7 common infections. Content: The study found that, in most cases, short-course treatments were just as effective as long-course treatments, except for patients with bone and joint infections or those requiring surgical debridement.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2023)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Estimating daily antibiotic harms: an umbrella review with individual study meta-analysis

Jennifer Curran et al.

Summary: The study found that each additional day of antibiotic therapy is associated with measurable antibiotic harm, particularly adverse events. These data may provide additional context for clinicians when weighing benefits versus risks of prolonged antibiotic therapy.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2022)

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Article Pediatrics

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial

Derek J. Williams et al.

Summary: In a study among children with outpatient CAP, a 5-day antibiotic strategy was found to be superior to a 10-day strategy, resulting in similar clinical response and antibiotic-associated adverse effects, while reducing antibiotic exposure and resistance.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2022)

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Article Pediatrics

Short-Course vs Long-Course Antibiotic Therapy for Children With Nonsevere Community-Acquired Pneumonia A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Qinyuan Li et al.

Summary: This study compared the efficacy of different durations of antibiotic therapy for nonsevere childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results showed that a shorter course of antibiotics was as effective as a longer course in terms of treatment failure, and a shorter course was also associated with fewer reports of gastroenteritis and lower caregiver absenteeism.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Amoxicillin Dose and Treatment Duration on the Need for Antibiotic Re-treatment in Children With Community-Acquired Pneumonia The CAP-IT Randomized Clinical Trial

Julia A. Bielicki et al.

Summary: In a clinical trial involving 814 children with community-acquired pneumonia, it was found that lower-dose oral amoxicillin (35-50 mg/kg/day) was noninferior to higher dose (70-90 mg/kg/day), and a 3-day regimen was noninferior to 7 days in terms of the need for antibiotic re-treatment. However, various factors such as disease severity, treatment setting, prior antibiotics received, and acceptability of the noninferiority margin need to be considered when interpreting the findings.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Pediatrics

Short-Course Antimicrobial Therapy for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia The SAFER Randomized Clinical Trial

Jeffrey M. Pernica et al.

Summary: In previously healthy children with community-acquired pneumonia not requiring hospitalization, short-course antibiotic therapy appeared to be comparable to standard care.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Antibiotic Resistance in Pediatric Infections: Global Emerging Threats, Predicting the Near Future

Alessandra Romandini et al.

Summary: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant public health threat to children, with multiple factors contributing to its emergence, including overuse and misuse of antibiotics, lack of pediatric-specific data and trials. The evolving nature of children's development requires consideration of the diversity in biochemical characteristics and pharmacokinetics in drug treatment.

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2021)

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Editorial Material Immunology