Distal Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Following COVID-19 Vaccination in a Patient with Solitary Plasmacytoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

We herein report a rare case of distal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) follow-ing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. A 39-year-old woman with a solitary plasmacytoma developed general weakness 7 days after receiving the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vac-cine, which had progressed for 3 months. A neurological examination revealed limb weakness with areflexia. Serological tests identified the presence of IgG antibodies against anti-GM1 and anti-GM2 gangliosides. Comprehensive evaluations met the criteria of distal CIDP. Intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous methyl-prednisolone, oral prednisolone, and plasma exchange were administered, and she gradually improved. Physi-cians should be aware of CIDP as a rare complication of COVID-19 vaccination.

Automated summary

We report a rare case of distal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) following COVID-19 vaccination. A 39-year-old woman developed general weakness after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, which progressed over 3 months. The patient was diagnosed with distal CIDP based on neurological examination and serological tests. Treatment with immunoglobulin, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and plasma exchange resulted in gradual improvement. Physicians should be aware of CIDP as a rare complication of COVID-19 vaccination.