Short-term effects of allulose consumption on glucose homeostasis, metabolic parameters, incretin levels, and inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial

PurposeAllulose is a rare monosaccharide with almost zero calories. There is no study of short-term allulose consumption in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, we aimed to study the effect of allulose consumption for 12 weeks on glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, body composition, incretin levels, and inflammatory markers in patients with T2D.MethodsA double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover study was conducted on sixteen patients with T2D. Patients were randomly assigned to allulose 7 g twice daily or aspartame 0.03 g twice daily for 12 weeks. After a 2-week washout, patients were crossed over to the other sweetener for an additional 12 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance tests, laboratory measurements, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were conducted before and after each phase.ResultsThis study revealed that short-term allulose consumption exerted no significant effect on glucose homeostasis, incretin levels, or body composition but significantly increased MCP-1 levels (259 & PLUSMN; 101 pg/ml at baseline vs. 297 & PLUSMN; 108 pg/mL after 12 weeks of allulose, p = 0.002). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly decreased from 51 & PLUSMN; 13 mg/dl at baseline to 41 & PLUSMN; 12 mg/dL after 12 weeks of allulose, p < 0.001. ConclusionTwelve weeks of allulose consumption had a neutral effect on glucose homeostasis, body composition, and incretin levels. Additionally, it decreased HDL-C levels and increased MCP-1 levels.

Automated summary

A study was conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes to investigate the effects of allulose consumption for 12 weeks. The results showed that allulose had no significant impact on glucose homeostasis, incretin levels, or body composition, but it did increase MCP-1 levels and decrease HDL-C levels.