Rising to the surface: capturing and detecting bacteria by rationally-designed surfaces

Analytical microbiology has made substantial progress since its conception, starting from potato slices, through selective agar media, to engineered surfaces modified with capture probes. While the latter represents the dominant approach in designing sensors for bacteria detection, the importance of sensor surface properties is frequently ignored. Herein, we highlight their significant role in the complex process of bacterial transition from planktonic to sessile, representing the first and critical step in bacteria detection. We present the main surface features and discuss their effect on the bio-solid interface and the resulting sensing capabilities for both flat and particulate systems. The concepts of rationally-designed surfaces for enhanced bacterial detection are presented with recent examples of sensors (capture probe-free) relying solely on surface cues.

Automated summary

Analytical microbiology has made significant progress in designing sensors for bacteria detection, but the importance of sensor surface properties is often overlooked. This article highlights the significant role of sensor surface properties in the complex process of bacterial transition from planktonic to sessile and discusses their effect on bio-solid interface and sensing capabilities. Recent examples of rationally-designed surfaces for enhanced bacterial detection are presented.