4.8 Review

Recent advances in surface regulation and engineering strategies of photoelectrodes toward enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Atmospheric electrostatic induction on carrier transfer in volumetric photoelectrochemical system with MXene-modified electrodes

An Gui et al.

Summary: A smart volumetric photoelectrochemical system using electrostatic bias voltage induced by atmospheric electric field was developed with WO3/BiVO4/MXene ternary composite layers as a working electrode. The experimental results showed that the response of the ternary electrode can be significantly enhanced by the atmospheric electric field, indicating that the electrostatic induction of the atmospheric electric field can effectively excite the induced electron/holes and carriers in the electrolyte.

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Atomically dispersed iridium catalysts on silicon photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Sang Eon Jun et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the decoration of iridium single atoms (SAs) on silicon photoanodes, and assesses their role in separating and transferring photogenerated charge carriers. By embedding the iridium SAs in a NiO/Ni thin film, a benchmarking photoelectrochemical performance is achieved with high photocurrent density and stability. This research provides insights into the rational design of SAs on silicon photoelectrodes and the potential of iridium SAs in boosting photogenerated charge carrier kinetics.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Photochemically Etching BiVO4 to Construct Asymmetric Heterojunction of BiVO4/BiOx Showing Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Xiangtao Chen et al.

Summary: A controllable photochemical etching method is developed to construct a BiVO4/BiOx asymmetric heterojunction photoanode, which shows over three times enhancement in short-circuit photocurrent density and a negative shift in photocurrent onset potential. The strong interacted homologous heterojunction promotes photo-carrier separation and enlarges photovoltage, leading to improved performance and stability of the photoanode. This method may be applicable for constructing homologous heterojunction on similar photoelectrode materials.

SMALL METHODS (2023)

Article Engineering, Environmental

A novel BiVO4/DLC heterojunction for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Hewei Yuan et al.

Summary: This study introduces a novel Type II heterojunction consisting of BiVO4 thin film and diamond-like carbon (DLC) to the PEC system, which significantly enhances the PEC water-splitting activity. Compared to the pure BiVO4, the BiVO4/DLC heterojunction exhibits increased photocurrent density and improved stability. The enhancement in PEC performance is attributed to the Type II heterojunction photoanodes that promote carrier mobility and reduce the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. Furthermore, the sp2 carbon phase in DLC acts as a conductive channel, while the sp3 carbon phase provides stable support and passivation effect, leading to an enhancement in both PEC water splitting performance and long-time stability.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fully Dispersed IrOX Atomic Clusters Enable Record Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation of Hematite in Acidic Media

Shao-Yu Yuan et al.

Summary: In this article, we report an effective strategy for implanting fully dispersed iridium-oxide atomic clusters onto hematite, which significantly improves the photoelectrochemical water oxidation in acidic solution. The resulting photoanode achieves a record-high photocurrent of 1.35 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V, demonstrating the merits of high atomic utilization of Ir.

NANO LETTERS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Coupling Ni3POM with FeOOH on BiVO4 Photoanodes for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Chunlian Hu et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel molecular cocatalyst, noble-metal-free polyoxometalate (Ni3POM), was incorporated into a typical FeOOH/BiVO4 composite photoanode, greatly enhancing the photoelectrochemical water splitting performance. The Ni3POM/FeOOH/BiVO4 photoanode displayed a photocurrent density of 5.2 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE, achieving a 4-fold enhancement compared to the pristine photoanode. The photoanode also exhibited 99% photocurrent density retention after a 1-hour stability test at 1.23 V vs RHE, indicating improved PEC stability. Additionally, a 1.1% ABPE value was achieved at 0.8 V vs RHE.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2023)

Article Materials Science, Ceramics

Defect-rich spinel ferrites with improved charge collection properties for efficient solar water splitting

Runfa Tan et al.

Summary: Spinel zinc ferrite (ZFO) is an ideal photoanode material for PEC water splitting, but its low charge collection efficiency limits its performance. We developed an ultrafast flame activation method to improve the charge collection properties of ZFO, leading to a 10-fold increase in photocurrent density. By passivating the ZFO surface with an Al2O3 overlayer and depositing a NiFeOx catalyst, we achieved a remarkable photocurrent density and excellent stability and faradaic efficiency.

JOURNAL OF ADVANCED CERAMICS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Nitrogen-doped cobalt-iron oxide cocatalyst boosting photoelectrochemical water splitting of BiVO4 photoanodes

Jingyi Lin et al.

Summary: This study presents a method to enhance the photocurrent density of bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) photoanodes using a nitrogen-doped cobalt-iron oxide (N-CFO) cocatalyst layer. The N-CFO/BVO photoanode shows higher photocurrent density compared to pure BVO and CFO/BVO with oxygen vacancies. Mechanism studies reveal that nitrogen dopants improve the electrical conductivity and reaction activity of cobalt-iron oxide. This work provides a novel strategy for designing efficient and cheap cocatalysts for photoanodes using Prussian blue analogues.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2023)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Efficiently photocatalytic H2O overall splitting within the strengthened polarized field by reassembling surface single atoms

Lijun Hu et al.

Summary: In this study, NiP nanoparticle-integrated carbon nitride fibers (NiP/C3N4Fs) were assembled by strengthening the electric fields and weakening the interface barrier. The transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes within the C3N4Fs interlayers was confirmed, which is facilitated by inner nickel single atoms. The NiP/C3N4Fs system exhibited high rates of H2 and O2 evolution, as well as a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 2.33% under visible light irradiation.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2023)

Article Chemistry, Physical

NdCo3 Molecular Catalyst Coupled with a BiVO4 Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Guodong Gao et al.

Summary: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising strategy for converting solar energy to hydrogen energy. A molecular catalyst was used to enhance the water oxidation performance of a porous BiVO4 photoanode. The enhanced performance was attributed to improved charge carrier transfer efficiency and inhibition of charge carrier recombination.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hybrid photocathode based on a Ni molecular catalyst and Sb2Se3 for solar H2 production

D. Alicia Garcia-Osorio et al.

Summary: We present a hybrid photocathode, composed of Sb2Se3 and a molecular catalyst, for H-2 evolution. By using a high surface area TiO2 scaffold, we significantly increased the loading of the Ni molecular catalyst from 7.08 +/- 0.43 to 45.76 +/- 0.81 nmol cm(-2), resulting in photocurrents of 1.3 mA cm(-2) at 0 V vs. RHE, which is 81-fold higher than the device without the TiO2 mesoporous layer.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Tailored BiVO4/In2O3 nanostructures with boosted charge separation ability toward unassisted water splitting

Mi Gyoung Lee et al.

Summary: The introduction of indium oxide nanorods as an electron transport layer enhances the photoelectrochemical performance of bismuth vanadate. A tannin-nickel-iron complex is used as an oxygen evolution catalyst to accelerate the reaction kinetics. The fabricated TANF/BiVO4/In2O3 NR photoanode exhibits improved photoactivity with high photocurrent densities.

CARBON ENERGY (2023)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Controlled Band Offsets in Ultrathin Hematite for Enhancing the Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance of Heterostructured Photoanodes

Min-Ju Choi et al.

Summary: This study investigates the influence of the thickness of the overlayer on the photoelectrochemical activity of Fe2O3 film-deposited BiVO4/WO3 heterostructure. By adjusting the Fe2O3 layer thickness, the type of heterojunction can be changed, leading to improved photocurrent density.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Large-Area Printing of Ferroelectric Surface and Super-Domain for Solar Water Splitting

Yu Tian et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a controllable water splitting reaction by constructing a hydroxyls-bonded surface on a ferroelectric material. The up-shift of band edge positions at this surface enhances the transfer of holes and electrons, leading to enhanced oxygen or hydrogen evolutions, respectively. Additionally, the introduction of ferroelectric super-domains with electric fields improves the separation of photogenerated carriers, resulting in a significant increase in photocurrent.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Charge Relays via Dual Carbon-Actions on Nanostructured BiVO4 for High Performance Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Yuxiang Wang et al.

Summary: Carbon doping and introduction of carbon quantum dots can improve the electronic conductivity and light absorption capability of BiVO4, thus enhancing the separation and transfer of photo-generated charges. Electroplating a polyaniline layer onto the catalyst can sustain a stable photocurrent density for a long time.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface states regulation of sulfide-based photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Haimei Wang et al.

Summary: Regulating the surface states distribution on the photoanode/electrolyte interface is crucial to photoelectrochemical water splitting. The development of a CdIn2S4/InOx/NiFe-LDH adaptive junction improves PEC performance and stability, with experimental characterizations showing the influence of interfacial structural regulation on surface states distribution and charge carrier density.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Materials Science, Ceramics

Synthesis and electron irradiation modification of anatase TiO2 with different morphologies

Jin Liu et al.

Summary: Anatase TiO2 samples with three different morphologies were prepared using the solvothermal method, and their properties were modified by electron beam irradiation and nitrogen doping.

CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Role of surface engineering of hybrid structure for high performance quantum dots based photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation

Omar Abdelkarim et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis of a TiO2 hybrid structure with nanorods and nanoparticles, treated with hydrazine to enhance photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation. The optimized hybrid photoanode, sensitized with Quantum dots, achieved significantly higher photocurrent density. Further treatment with hydrazine led to additional enhancements, demonstrating a promising strategy for fabricating efficient and stable PEC water splitting devices for H-2 generation.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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MXenes-like multilayered tungsten oxide architectures for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Zizai Ma et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the controlled growth of MXenes-like WO3 architecture in transition metal oxides by modulating the formation process based on the competition between concentrations of WO42- and anions (NO3-, Cl-) in the solution. The multilayer WO3 structure shows superior physical performance, with a remarkable photocurrent density of 2.3 mA cm(-2) under AM 1.5G illumination, the highest reported for WO3 photoanodes without cocatalysts/dopants in neutral solution.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Conformal coating of superhydrophilic metal-organic complex toward substantially improved photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Huanhuan Sun et al.

Summary: By utilizing a superhydrophilic metal-organic complex coating, the PEC performance of BiVO4 photoanodes can be significantly improved, leading to enhanced activity and stability.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A two-photon tandem black phosphorus quantum dot-sensitized BiVO4 photoanode for solar water splitting

Bingjun Jin et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates a strategically designed E-BiVO4/BPQDs/OL-OEC photoanode, which effectively improves the efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting by achieving a high photocurrent density under AM 1.5 illumination, combining multiple functional components for efficient solar-to-fuel conversion devices.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

An in-situ cation exchange approach to stabilize Zn-MOF: Understanding the role of nickel ions for photoelectrochemical performance

Lihao Yu et al.

Summary: This study addresses the stability issue of Zn-MOF (ZIF8) by partially replacing Zn2+ ions with Ni2+ ions, resulting in the successful enhancement of the PEC efficiency and stability of TiO2-Zn MOF. The findings provide new guidance for designing highly stable photoelectrodes.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

rGO decorated semiconductor heterojunction of BiVO4/NiO to enhance PEC water splitting efficiency

Shouli Bai et al.

Summary: A BiVO4/NiO/rGO photoanode was prepared using electrodeposition, solution immersion, and spin coating methods. It exhibits improved photocurrent density and onset potential compared to pure BiVO4 and binary BiVO4/NiO photoanode, thanks to the type-II heterojunction formation and rGO decoration that enhance electron/hole separation efficiency and provide more active sites.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

The hydrophilic treatment of a novel co-catalyst for greatly improving the solar water splitting performance over Mo-doped bismuth vanadate

Xingsheng Hu et al.

Summary: In this work, Mo-doped BiVO4 and Co-Ci prepared by PED were used to enhance the performance of the photoanode, leading to improved photocurrent density and IPCE. The surface hydrophilicity and water oxidation kinetics were successfully improved, providing a new approach for enhancing BiVO4 used for water splitting.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Two-Dimensional Violet Phosphorus: A p-Type Semiconductor for (Opto)electronics

Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli et al.

Summary: The synthesis of novel 2D materials with unprecedented composition and structure through the exfoliation of layered systems provides access to unexplored properties. This study reports on the sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation of violet phosphorus (VP) crystals and the exploration of its electrical and optical properties. The exfoliated VP thin films exhibit p-type transport and excellent optoelectronic performances, making VP a promising candidate for next-generation electronics.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Ti3C2Tx MXene functionalization induced enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 nanotube arrays

Nasima Khatun et al.

Summary: Due to its unique planar structure, hydrophilic functional groups, and excellent metallic conductivity, the recently developed two-dimensional MXene material has great potential in various applications. This study focuses on enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting by fabricating MXene-functionalized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTs). The results show an increase in photocurrent density and a decrease in charge transfer resistance with MXene functionalization. The MXene material also increases the donor density and enhances the performance of bare TNTs through localized surface plasmon resonance and electron injection. This research provides a pathway for designing plasmonic heterostructure materials based on MXene flakes for overall water splitting applications.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Defect engineering of nanostructures: Insights into photoelectrochemical water splitting

Wen Lei et al.

Summary: This paper summarizes recent developments in using various techniques to introduce, characterize, and regulate defects in defect engineering. The important role of defects in high-performance defect engineered photoelectrodes for PEC water splitting application is highlighted. Current challenges and future perspectives in the field of defect engineering of nanostructures for photoelectrodes are also discussed.

MATERIALS TODAY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polypyrrole Serving as Multifunctional Surface Modifier for Photoanode Enables Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Weiwei Xu et al.

Summary: Conjugated polymer polypyrrole (PPy) with high electrical conductivity and excellent photothermal effect has been utilized as a multifunctional surface modifier on ternary metal sulfide (CdIn2S4, CIS) photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, resulting in a significantly enhanced photocurrent density and carrier injection efficiency. The incorporation of Ni ions into PPy matrix further enhances the surface charge carrier transfer at photoanode/electrolyte interfaces, while the excellent photothermal effect of PPy elevates the temperature of the CIS photoanode under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, improving the PEC performance.
Article Chemistry, Physical

Interface-Confined Surface Engineering via Photoelectrochemical Etching toward Solar Neutral Water Splitting

Shijie Ren et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of interface-confined surface modification in modulating charge transfer pathways for efficient solar energy conversion. By using a PEC reduction strategy, the interface-confined CoMoO4-x/BiVO4 system exhibits excellent photocorrosion resistance and long-term stability, showing potential for high-performance photoelectrode design in a neutral environment.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Crystal Facet Engineering of TiO2 Nanostructures for Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting with BiVO4 Nanodots

Mi Gyoung Lee et al.

Summary: In this study, a crystal facet engineering approach was used to control the band structures of titanium dioxide nanostructures as hole blocking layers for bismuth vanadate. The results showed that the BiVO4/TiO2 heterostructure with nanoflowers exhibited significantly higher photocurrent density compared to nanorods. The enhancement was attributed to reduced charge recombination due to the formation of type II band alignment between BiVO4 nanodots and TiO2 nanoflowers. This work not only provides new insights into the interplay between crystal facets and band structures but also advances the design of highly efficient photoelectrodes.

NANO-MICRO LETTERS (2022)

Article Engineering, Chemical

FeF and Fe2ZrO5 Co-modified hematite for highly efficient solar water splitting

Xiaoquan Zhao et al.

Journal of Energy Chemistry (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Coupling NiCo catalysts with carbon quantum dots on hematite photoanodes for highly efficient oxygen evolution

Bin Zhao et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated highly efficient hole transfer from photoanodes to oxygen evolution catalysts by coupling NiCo catalyst with carbon quantum dots on alpha-Fe2O3 photoanodes, achieving one of the highest PEC activities and H2 generation rates. The carbon quantum dots acted as an efficient medium to promote hole transport and selectively tailor the electronic structure of surface-active sites, significantly enhancing surface charge separation and oxygen evolution process.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Single-atomic-Co cocatalyst on (040) facet of BiVO4 toward efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Yucong Miao et al.

Summary: In this study, a highly exposed (040) facet BiVO4 photoanode was prepared by a seed assisted hydrothermal method to improve charge transfer. Cobalt single atoms stabilized in N-doped carbon nanosheet were modified on the BiVO4 (040) to enhance water oxidation efficiency. The modified photoanode showed a 2.2 times higher photo-current density and nearly 100% charge injection efficiency compared to pristine BiVO4 (040). The study suggests a promising strategy for fabricating composite photoanodes for solar energy conversion leveraging facet engineering matched with single-atomic-catalyst.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Transparent, High-Performance, and Stable Sb2S3 Photoanode Enabled by Heterojunction Engineering with Conjugated Polycarbazole Frameworks for Unbiased Photoelectrochemical Overall Water Splitting Devices

Lei Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents the design and fabrication of a transparent Sb2S3-based photoanode by depositing a thin layer of conjugated polycarbazole frameworks (CPF-TCzB) onto the Sb2S3 film. The hybrid photoanode exhibits enhanced charge separation efficiency and inhibits photocorrosion, enabling long-term operation. Additionally, when combined with a back-illuminated Si photocathode, it achieves a record solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activating a Semiconductor-Liquid Junction via Laser-Derived Dual Interfacial Layers for Boosted Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Jie Jian et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the successful enhancement of photoelectrode activity and stability by creating an SCLJ with a unique configuration of dual interfacial layers. The experimental results show that the bespoke dual interfacial layers effectively inhibit photocorrosion and improve charge-carrier kinetics, resulting in significant improvements in the performance of the photoelectrode.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Carbon dots enhance the interface electron transfer and photoelectrochemical kinetics in TiO2 photoanode

Yidong Han et al.

Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) anchored TiO2 photoanodes were fabricated by one-step hydrothermal method, and the mechanism of how it improves the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance was explained through in-situ characterization. The results showed that after anchoring N-CDs, the photo-generated charge separation efficiency and charge transfer efficiency of TiO2 were significantly improved, and the conductivity of TiO2 was enhanced as well.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Phosphate ions interfacial drift layer to improve the performance of CoFe-Prussian blue hematite photoanode toward water splitting

Abdul Zeeshan Khan et al.

Summary: By anchoring a phosphate ion layer between the surface of hematite and the CoFe-Prussian blue analogue water oxidation catalyst, the photoelectrochemical activity of the photoanode can be significantly enhanced, prolonging the lifetime of photogenerated holes, reducing charge transfer resistance, and suppressing surface recombination.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Sharp-edged nanoflakes array of CuO with enhanced optical and charge transport properties for Bias-Free tandem solar Water-splitting

Sung Won Hwang et al.

Summary: Researchers report a sharp-edged nanoflakes array of CuO that reduces light reflection loss and exhibits enhanced charge transport and transfer properties. The CuO SNA generates a high photocurrent density and annealing it in an oxygen-rich environment further improves its performance. The tandem PEC cell with the CuO photocathode demonstrates the practical viability of bias-free solar water-splitting.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Built-in electron transport channels and interfacial ions doping in BiVO4 modified with isolated Ni atoms anchored on carbon hollow matrix for boosting charge separation and transport efficiency

Wenjie Zhang et al.

Summary: A novel heterostructure with ions doped interfaces and electrons transport channels was fabricated through a simple solid solution drying and calcination method. Experimental and theoretical results showed that Ni and NC contribute greatly to charge transport efficiency, while interfacial Ni ions doping can enhance the charge separation efficiency.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

The collaborative mechanism of surface S-vacancies and piezoelectric polarization for boosting CdS photoelectrochemical performance

Quanyou Zhao et al.

Summary: In this study, CdS photoanodes were fabricated and a collaboration mechanism between S-vacancies and piezoelectric polarization was revealed to enhance the PEC performance of CdS photoanodes. This provides a promising strategy for designing high efficiency photoelectrodes in PEC water splitting.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Oxygen vacancy-abundant carbon quantum dots as superfast hole transport channel for vastly improving surface charge transfer efficiency of BiVO4 photoanode

Tingsheng Zhou et al.

Summary: Surface modification of oxygen vacancy-abundant carbon quantum dots significantly enhances the surface charge transfer efficiency of BiVO4 photoanodes, leading to improved bulk charge separation and light absorption. This results in significantly higher photocurrent densities compared to BiVO4 and carbon quantum dots modified BiVO4.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Effect of surface-deposited Ti3C2Tx MXene on the photoelectrochemical water-oxidation performance of iron-doped titania nanorod array

Hang Yin et al.

Summary: In this study, an efficient TiO2-based photoelectrode for water oxidation was prepared by Fe doping and electrophoretic Ti3C2Tx deposition. The Fe doping extended light absorption of TiO2 towards visible region, while Ti3C2Tx deposition accelerated water-oxidation kinetics, leading to enhanced photocarrier separation and injection efficiencies.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Editorial Material Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Water Oxidation with Polymeric Photocatalysts

Wei Zhang et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Interfacial Engineering of In2O3/In2S3 Heterojunction Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Bo Reum Lee et al.

Summary: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a critical energy conversion technique. In this study, In2O3/In2S3 heterostructures were synthesized and interficial engineering strategies were used to enhance the PEC properties.

ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Heterojunction between bimetallic metal-organic framework and TiO2: Band-structure engineering for effective photoelectro-chemical water splitting

Ji Won Yoon et al.

Summary: In this study, bimetallic Fe/Ni-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with different Fe/Ni ratios were coated on TiO2 nanorods to investigate the performance of heterojunction photoanodes in photoelectrochemical water splitting. An ideal band alignment was achieved between TiO2 nanorods and bimetallic MOFs with an optimum Fe/Ni ratio, leading to enhanced photocurrent density.

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

Article Energy & Fuels

Extending the Absorption Limit of BiVO4 Photoanodes with Hydrogen Sulfide Treatment

Soniya Gahlawat et al.

Summary: Sulfur-incorporated bismuth vanadate (S-BiVO4) thin films were synthesized via spray pyrolysis combined with post-treatment in a hydrogen sulfide environment. The incorporation of sulfur into the BiVO4 lattice was achieved without the formation of any secondary phases. The stability limitation of S-BiVO4 was overcome by introducing pulsed-laser-deposited NiOx protection layers.

SOLAR RRL (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Laser-Reduced BiVO4 for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Mariam Barawi et al.

Summary: This study proposes a laser irradiation method to superficially degrade BiVO4 photoelectrodes and enhance their water oxidation reaction performance. Through a combination of advanced characterization techniques, it was found that the reduction process is localized at the surface of the sample, resulting in effective n-type doping and a shift to more favorable energy band positions for water oxidation. Additionally, changes in sample morphology and improved charge extraction contribute to an increase in photocurrent density.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Boosting the Performance of BiVO4 Photoanodes by the Simultaneous Introduction of Oxygen Vacancies and Cocatalyst via Photoelectrodeposition

Qi Sun et al.

Summary: This study achieved the introduction of oxygen vacancies and the loading of a cocatalyst on BiVO4 photoanodes through one-step photocathodic reduction. The modified photoanode exhibited excellent performance in photoelectrochemical water oxidation, and further modification with a cobalt silicate cocatalyst improved its efficiency even more. This work opens up a new avenue for efficient solar conversion through multifunctional modifications of photoanode systems.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Spatial Control of Oxygen Vacancy Concentration in Monoclinic WO3 Photoanodes for Enhanced Solar Water Splitting

Heejung Kong et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of oxygen vacancies (OVs) on the photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance of monoclinic tungsten trioxide (m-WO3) photoanodes. It is found that a higher concentration of OVs near the surface of m-WO3 compared to the bulk is beneficial for the performance. The spatial distribution of OVs can be manipulated using a laser-assisted defect control process, leading to improved performance. Additionally, a one-step laser deposition process is introduced to enhance the performance, stability, and efficiency of the photoanodes.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Polyethylene Glycol-Modified BiVO4 Photoanode by Speeding up Proton Transfer

Yuqiong Deng et al.

Summary: This study reports PEG-modified BiVO4 photoanodes, in which the high proton conductivity of PEG facilitates the fast transfer of protons, leading to accelerated formation rate of the O-O bond. The composite photoanode exhibits higher photocurrent density and a negative shift in onset potential.
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Subnanometric Ru clusters with upshifted D band center improve performance for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

Qi Hu et al.

Summary: The research shows that the size of Ru clusters affects their water dissociation activity, with subnanometric Ru clusters exhibiting stronger water dissociation ability and superior hydrogen evolution activity compared to single atoms and larger nanoparticles.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Rapid Hole Extraction Based on Cascade Band Alignment Boosts Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Efficiency

Fushuang Niu et al.

Summary: In this study, BiVO4-based photoanodes were constructed to enhance the efficiency of photogenerated hole extraction and accumulation. It was found that CdS nanosheets acted as energetic barriers to suppress surface recombination, while thiolate-functionalized aryl amines served as efficient interfacial-charge-transfer mediators for hole extraction. The molecular approach provided a promising avenue for optimizing the performance of photoelectrochemical cells for water splitting.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Improved Water Oxidation of Fe2O3/Fe2TiO5 Photoanode by Functionalizing with a Hydrophilic Organic Hole Storage Overlayer

Jiujun Deng et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the synthesis of an inorganic/organic composite photoanode by depositing HEDP onto the surface of an Fe2O3/Fe2TiO5 heterostructure. The HEDP overlayer promotes surface charge dynamics and enhances photoelectrochemical performance.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Quantum Dots Compete at the Acme of MXene Family for the Optimal Catalysis

Yuhua Liu et al.

Summary: It is well known that two-dimensional MXene-derived quantum dots (MQDs) inherit the excellent physicochemical properties of the parental MXenes. MQDs have been widely applied to catalysis, but related reviews are rarely reported. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of MQDs in catalysis over the past five years, including their origin and development, synthetic routes, and functionalization, as well as advanced characterization techniques. The review aims to stimulate more efforts towards the synthesis of optimal MQDs and the design of high-performance MQDs-based catalysts.

NANO-MICRO LETTERS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Point-defect engineering of nanoporous CuBi2O4 photocathode via rapid thermal processing for enhanced photoelectrochemical activity

Li Qu et al.

Summary: Engineering point defects in oxide semiconductors is crucial for manipulating their properties. In this study, researchers synthesized nanoporous CuBi2O4 photocathodes and engineered surface point defects through rapid thermal processing. It was found that the treatment with oxygen increased the charge carrier density and improved the water-splitting photocurrent density.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY (2022)

Article Electrochemistry

Photo/Thermal Dual-Activation Improves the Photocurrent of Bismuth Vanadate for PEC Water Splitting

Cong Liu et al.

Summary: Making full use of the sunlight spectrum and developing high-performance photoanodes are crucial challenges for the industrial application of PEC water splitting. This study combined thermal-activation and photo-activation to improve the photocurrent performance of BiVO4 photoanodes. The dual-activation significantly increased the photocurrent density and facilitated the charge transfer process in the BiVO4 photoanode.

CHEMELECTROCHEM (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Regulating the surface of anion-doped TiO2 nanorods by hydrogen annealing for superior photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Jongseong Park et al.

Summary: This study reports notable progress in nanostructured TiO2 photoanodes using a facile sequential one-pot hydrothermal synthesis and annealing in hydrogen. The optimized hydrogen annealing significantly improves the performance of TiO2 photoanodes, providing promising methods for eco-friendly mass production of water splitting photoelectrodes.

NANO CONVERGENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface Modulation Inducing Bismuth-Rich Surface Composition in BiVO4 for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Hao Wu et al.

Summary: This study presents a simple alkaline solution treatment method to enhance the photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance of bismuth vanadate photoanodes. The treatment increases the surface ratio of bismuth to vanadium, resulting in the formation of a bismuth-rich surface and a homojunction within the material. The treated bismuth vanadate photoanode shows significantly improved charge separation efficiency and photon-to-current conversion efficiency.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Metal-organic frameworks and derived materials as photocatalysts for water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction

Jing Chen et al.

Summary: One proposed solution for finding alternatives to fossil fuels is the development of advanced materials for clean and renewable energy applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as adjustable and multipurpose materials for photocatalytic water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. However, there is a need for improving the light absorption and stability of MOFs.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Influence of Excess Charge on Water Adsorption on the BiVO4(010) Surface

Wennie Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents a combined computational and experimental investigation on the adsorption of water on the Mo-doped BiVO4(010) surface. It reveals the influence of excess electrons on the dissociation of water and the hydroxyl-induced alterations of the surface electronic structure. The dissociation of water stabilizes the formation of a small electron polaron on the VO4 tetrahedral site and enhances the concentration of localized electronic charge at the surface.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Unveiling the activity and stability of BiVO4 photoanodes with cocatalyst for water oxidation

Tian Tian et al.

Summary: This study deposited FeOOH onto BiVO4 photoanodes through electrodeposition and found that the Bi-O-Fe bond is beneficial for improving the water oxidation activity of the catalyst. However, FeOOH cannot restrain the dissolution of V5+ and improve the stability of the photoelectrode. By assembling a low-cost metal-organic coordination of tannic acid coordinated with Ni ions, the activity and stability of the BiVO4/FeOOH photoanode were further enhanced.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Ru/In Dual-Single Atoms Modulated Charge Separation for Significantly Accelerated Photocatalytic H2 Evolution in Pure Water

Huiping Peng et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that the dual doping of Ru/In single atoms on TiO2 can effectively modulate the separation of photogenerated carriers during photocatalytic water splitting. The resulting Ru-In SA/TiO2 photocatalyst shows significantly enhanced hydrogen evolution rate compared to other single-atom decorated TiO2 catalysts and pristine TiO2, making it a promising candidate for efficient hydrogen production from water splitting.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Nanopixelated Cuprous Oxide Photocathodes for Durable Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Juho Lee et al.

Summary: The study introduces defect-tolerant nanopixelated Cu2O thin film photocathodes to ensure the stability of photocathodes. Structures comprising discrete pixels are investigated to mitigate the defect density of a protective layer and show improved stability compared to planar cells.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A novel BiVO4/P3HT photoanode for highly efficient water oxidation and its hole energy offset effect with CuPc derivative

Hao Pei et al.

Summary: In this study, poly(3hexylthiophene) was used as a hole transport layer for BiVO4 photoanode, and a copper (II) phthalocyanine derivative was introduced as a dopant to increase the utilization efficiency of photogenerated holes.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Multifunctional polymer coating cooperated with ?-Fe2O3 for boosting photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Ning An et al.

Summary: Modifying semiconductor photoanode with efficient and cheap iron-based oxygen evolution cocatalyst along with functional interlayer is an efficient method to enhance the water splitting efficiency of photo-electrochemical (PEC). The poly-aminoanthraquinone (PDAAQ) plays a significant role as a proton receptor and can inhibit carrier recombination. The modified photoanode showed improved photocurrent and enhanced water oxidation kinetics.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Synergistic coupling of surface plasmon resonance with metal-organic frameworks based biomimetic Z-Scheme catalyst for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

Hui Zhou et al.

Summary: This study develops a novel synergistic coupling catalyst by integrating the surface plasmon resonance effect of gold nanoparticles with MOFs-based Z-scheme catalysts. The resulting catalyst exhibits excellent photoelectrochemical performance with improved charge separation efficiency.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Ni2P nanocrystals modification on Ta:α-Fe2O3 photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting: In situ formation and synergistic catalysis of Ni2P@NiOOH cocatalyst

Xing Cao et al.

Summary: A coupling modification strategy of tantalum doping and Ni2P nanocrystals modification is developed to optimize the photocurrent density and onset potential of hematite photoanode. The modified photoanode exhibits higher photocurrent density and lower onset potential, showing great potential for photoelectrochemical water splitting.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Using a CeO2 quantum dot hole extraction-layer for enhanced solar water splitting activity of BiVO4 photoanodes

Dong Hyun Seo et al.

Summary: The synthesis of CeO2 quantum dots and their spin-coating onto BVO is an effective method for enhancing the PEC activity of BVO and achieving efficient solar water splitting.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Reduction of charge carrier recombination by Ce gradient doping and surface polarization for solar water splitting

Jinwei Bai et al.

Summary: This study successfully improved the efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting by introducing gradient Ce-doped hematite nanorods and conducting a photoactivation process. The gradient Ce doping increased the conductivity of the material and constructed a built-in electric field, enhancing charge separation and transfer. Additionally, surface polarization reduced overpotential and increased photocurrent density.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

MOF derived NiO thin film formed p-n heterojunction with BiVO4 photoelectrode for enhancement of PEC performance

Song Zhang et al.

Summary: In this work, a novel and easy method was used to attach Ni-MOF on the surface of BiVO4 photoelectrode via electrostatic attraction. The resulting Ni-MOF/BiVO4 photoelectrodes were then annealed to obtain MOF derived NiO/BiVO4 p-n heterojunction composite photoelectrodes. The NiO/BiVO4 composite photoelectrodes showed enhanced photoelectrochemical performance for water splitting compared to pure BiVO4 photoelectrode.

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photodynamic Hydrogen-Bonded Biohybrid Framework: A Photobiocatalytic Cascade Nanoreactor for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Therapy

Wei Huang et al.

Summary: This study describes the design of a photobiocatalytic cascade nanoreactor using an HOF scaffold for diabetic wound therapy. The nanoreactor is able to alter the microenvironment of the diabetes wound and exhibits exceptional wound healing capacity through synergistic photodynamic therapy.

JACS AU (2022)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Electrochemical creation of surface charge transfer channels on photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting

Zhiwei Li et al.

Summary: This study suggests that electrochemical treatment not only removes partial MoO segregations on Mo-doped BiVO4 electrodes, but also initiates the formation of HyMoO surface defects, which provide charge transfer channels for photogenerated holes. The charge separation of the electrodes is significantly enhanced by these charge transfer channels.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Cobalt-plasma treatment enables structural reconstruction of a CoOx/BiVO4 composite for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Zhongyuan Liu et al.

Summary: In this study, cobalt-plasma sparked by a pulsed laser was used for the first time to modify a BiVO4 photoanode, resulting in surface structural reconstruction and CoOx/BiVO4 composite construction. By combining charge redistribution and cobalt, the photoanode achieved improved hole accumulation and catalytic activity, leading to a 3 times enhancement in photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Constructing quantum dots sensitized TiO2 nanotube p-n heterojunction for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation

Omar Abdelkarim et al.

Summary: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising method for converting solar radiation into clean fuel. The performance of the device depends on the light harvesting efficiency of the photoanode and the carrier dynamics at the interface. In this study, a photoanode architecture consisting of TiO2 nanotubes sensitized by CdS/CdSe quantum dots and treated with a Cu-based solution was developed, resulting in significantly improved photocurrent density and carrier dynamics. The findings provide a simple and scalable method for enhancing the performance of PEC and other optoelectronic devices.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Constructing large-size and ultrathin NiCoP nanosheets on an Fe2O3 photoanode toward efficient solar water splitting

Chenchen Feng et al.

Summary: A method for constructing large-size and ultrathin NiCoP nanosheets on Fe2O3 nanorod photoanodes was investigated, which significantly improved the photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity. Rapid transfer of photogenerated holes was facilitated by the tight interfacial interaction and abundant surface active sites, leading to enhanced photocurrent density.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-performance and stable BiVO4 photoanodes for solar water splitting via phosphorus-oxygen bonded FeNi catalysts

Zhenzhen Zhang et al.

Summary: In this study, it is reported that a combination of phosphorus-oxygen bonded catalysts and BiVO4 photoanodes can significantly enhance the photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity and stability. The experimental and analysis results provide insights into the electron density redistribution and electronic coupling between the catalysts and photoanodes. This work offers a new approach for designing efficient photoanodes for solar water splitting applications.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Recent Progress on Semiconductor Heterojunction-Based Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Shengnan Li et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the application of semiconductor heterojunctions as building blocks for photoanodes in photoelectrochemical water splitting. It discusses the principles and methods of improving carrier transport and highlights the challenges and opportunities for heterojunction photoanodes in PEC reactions.

SMALL SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Crystal orientation-dependent etching and trapping in thermally-oxidised Cu2O photocathodes for water splitting

Wenzhe Niu et al.

Summary: Ammonia solution etching of cuprous oxide photocathode devices results in enhanced photoelectrochemical performance and improved reproducibility. The etching process also leads to diverse morphologies of Cu2O crystals based on different crystallographic orientations. Metallic copper traps are found to limit the photoelectrochemical performance.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Green, gradient multi-shell CuInSe2/(CuInSexS1-x)5/CuInS2 quantum dots for photo-electrochemical hydrogen generation

Faying Li et al.

Summary: This study developed environmentally friendly QDs using a new method and applied them to PEC hydrogen production, showing significant performance improvements and potential broad applications in optoelectronics.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In-situ coating of multifunctional FeCo-bimetal organic framework nanolayers on hematite photoanode for superior oxygen evolution

Ze-Yuan Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents a high-performance Fe2O3-based photoanode achieved by coating FeCo-MOF nanolayers on Fe2O3 nanoarrays, which effectively enhances the surface states of the photoanode and boosts the water oxidation kinetics.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Hydrothermally obtained type-II heterojunction nanostructures of In2S3/TiO2 for remarkably enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

Jongseong Park et al.

Summary: The study successfully enhanced the photocurrent density and incident photon-to-current efficiency by synthesizing a nanostructured In2S3/TiO2 photoanode, further investigating carrier lifetime and band position to clarify the generation of type-II heterojunction between In2S3 nanoparticles and TiO2 nanorod arrays. The methodologies and theoretical evidence proposed in this study show significant improvements in TiO2 based photoanodes, with an all-solution-based process providing a facile and scalable method for environmentally friendly production of highly enhanced photoelectrodes.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Co-catalytic effects of Bi-based metal-organic framework on BiVO4 photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Seungkyu Kim et al.

Summary: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show promise as co-catalysts for enhancing PEC water splitting, with the decoration of the BiVO4 photoanode surface with a Bi-based MOF leading to increased photocurrent density and improved operational stability.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Dramatically enhanced solar-driven water splitting of BiVO4 photoanode via strengthening hole transfer and light harvesting by co-modification of CQDs and ultrathin beta-FeOOH layers

Tingsheng Zhou et al.

Summary: An excellent CQDs/FeOOH/BiVO4 photoanode was designed to address the issues of severe bulk and surface charge recombination, sluggish OER kinetics, and narrow visible light harvesting in BiVO4. The photoanode showed dramatically enhanced photocurrent and IPCE, attributed to the synergistic catalysis of CQDs and FeOOH, suppression of bulk charge recombination by CQDs/BiVO4 heterojunction, and increased light harvesting by CQDs.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Black phosphorus nanoflakes decorated hematite photoanode with functional phosphate bridges for enhanced water oxidation

Shan Shao et al.

Summary: A heterostructure photoanode integrating black phosphorus nanoflakes and hematite was successfully fabricated, with functional phosphate formed by the partial oxidation of black phosphorus improving the interfacial charge transfer and enhancing water oxidation performance. The well-matched band structures of black phosphorus and hematite, along with the highly-efficient oxygen evolution reaction activity of black phosphorus, significantly facilitate charge separation and transfer for enhanced water oxidation performance.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

A bridging coordination of urea tailoring metal hydroxides oxygen evolution catalysts promotes stable solar water splitting

Mao Sun et al.

Summary: In this work, urea was introduced into Ni,Fe-based hydroxides to form robust and conformal OECs layers, enhancing the stability and PEC performance of BiVO4 photoanodes. The optimized urea-NiFeOOH/BiVO4 photoanode exhibited high stability and good electrocatalytic performance, demonstrating the potential of using non-precious metal based electrocatalysts for long-term stability in PEC water splitting.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

ZIF-8 derived ZnO/TiO2 heterostructure with rich oxygen vacancies for promoting photoelectrochemical water splitting

Qijia Ding et al.

Summary: By using ZIF-8 as the precursor, ZnO/TiO2 photoelectrodes were prepared through electrostatic interaction, leading to the formation of abundant oxygen vacancies in the heterojunction. The optimal photocurrent density of the photoelectrode reached 1.76 mA/cm(2) at 1.23 V vs. RHE, which is 2.75 times that of pure TiO2. The IPCE of the best photoelectrode increased to 58.2% at 390 nm, with charge injection and separation efficiencies reaching 93.53% and 51.62%, respectively.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stable Unbiased Photo-Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting Exceeding 3% Efficiency via Covalent Triazine Framework/Metal Oxide Hybrid Photoelectrodes

Ying Zhang et al.

Summary: A new hybrid photoelectrode using CTF-BTh film has been developed to address efficiency and stability issues in PEC systems, significantly improving solar-to-chemical energy conversion performance. This innovative approach also demonstrates effective corrosion resistance and long-term operation capabilities, achieving promising solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering Single-Atomic Ni-N4-O Sites on Semiconductor Photoanodes for High-Performance Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Xiaomeng Zhang et al.

Summary: A versatile coupling strategy was developed to enhance the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting by introducing Ni-N-4-O sites. The construction of single-atomic Ni-N-4-O moiety facilitated hole transfer, decreased free energy barriers, and accelerated reaction kinetics, resulting in outstanding long-term photostability.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Fe2O3 hierarchical tubular structure decorated with cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanoparticles for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Nguyen Duc Quang et al.

Summary: This study successfully improved the performance of hematite-based photoanodes by fabricating a hierarchical tubular structure CoP/SnO2:Fe2O3, achieving a high photocurrent density and lowering the onset potential.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Leaf-like MXene nanosheets intercalated TiO2 nanorod array photoelectrode with enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

Sainan Zhang et al.

Summary: A new Ti3C2/TiO2 composite photoanode material was fabricated, showing enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance and improved efficiency in separating electrons and holes.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2021)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Nonmetal plasmonic TiN nanoparticles significantly boost photoelectrochemical performance for hydrogen evolution of CdS nanoroad array photoanode

Yuhong Liu et al.

Summary: Nonmetal plasmonic TiN nanoparticles are utilized for the first time as hot-electron boosters to enhance the photocurrent and hydrogen production of CdS nanoroad arrays (NRAs). Experimental results demonstrate that hot-electron injection from TiN to CdS plays a crucial role in improving the photocurrent and hydrogen production.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conjugated π Electrons of MOFs Drive Charge Separation at Heterostructures Interface for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Xuewei Wang et al.

Summary: Novel heterostructures were constructed by coating rutile TiO2 nanorods with metal organic framework (MOF) materials UiO-66 or UiO-67, resulting in enhanced charge separation efficiency and photocurrent density for photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

General In Situ Photoactivation Route with IPCE over 80% toward CdS Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Applications

Ying Wang et al.

Summary: A simple and economical approach was reported to substantially improve the surface charge separation property of CdS photoanodes through in situ photoactivation, reducing surface charge recombination and achieving a uniform nanoporous morphology, resulting in significantly increased photocurrents.
Article Chemistry, Physical

Quantum Dots-Based Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution from Water Splitting

Lei Jin et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the latest progress in tailoring the materials, structure, and performance of QDs-based PEC H-2 generation, and discusses the impact of specific features of QDs and charge generation and transfer on the performance of PEC devices. Future challenges and opportunities for high-efficiency and stable QDs-based PEC applications are also discussed.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Oxygen Evolution Catalysts at Transition Metal Oxide Photoanodes: Their Differing Roles for Solar Water Splitting

Jifang Zhang et al.

Summary: This review discusses efforts to improve water oxidation at photoanodes in the field of photoelectrochemical water splitting, focusing on the use of oxygen evolution catalysts (OECs). The roles of OECs are found to be multifaceted, beyond just catalytic. The review also highlights useful characterization techniques for probing the dynamics of photogenerated holes and proposes design principles for OECs.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Single-atomic Pt sites anchored on defective TiO2 nanosheets as a superior photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution

Xiaolong Hu et al.

Summary: A highly active single-atomic Pt site photocatalyst was synthesized using defective TiO2 nanosheets as solid support, leading to significantly improved photocatalytic H-2 evolution performance. The Ti-Pt-Ti structure effectively stabilized the single-atomic Pt sites and facilitated the separation and transfer of photoinduced charge carriers, highlighting the benefits of a single-site catalyst for rational design of highly active and stable photocatalysts.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Ferroelectric polarization-enhanced charge separation in quantum dots sensitized semiconductor hybrid for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production

Min Zhang et al.

Summary: This study successfully synthesized a hybrid ferroelectric-semiconducting TiO2 system as a photoanode, sensitized with QDs to enhance light absorption, resulting in remarkable performance enhancement. By using engineered QDs with a gradient interface, high photocurrent density and charge separation efficiency were achieved.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

The impact of surface composition on the interfacial energetics and photoelectrochemical properties of BiVO4

Dongho Lee et al.

Summary: The surface Bi:V ratio has a significant impact on the properties of BiVO4 photoanodes, even for the same facet, according to the study. This finding sheds light on the importance of surface composition in influencing the behavior of photoelectrodes for solar fuel production.

NATURE ENERGY (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Plasmonic Photoelectrochemistry: In View of Hot Carriers

Yuchao Zhang et al.

Summary: This review focuses on utilizing photoelectrochemistry to study plasmonic electrodes, providing a comprehensive understanding of hot-hole and hot-electron transfers in chemical reactions. The working principles and applications of spectroelectrochemistry for plasmonic materials are also discussed, highlighting the powerful toolbox that photoelectrochemistry provides for gaining mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysis.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Tailoring the surface oxygen engineering of a carbon-quantum-dot-sensitized ZnO@H-ZnO1-x multijunction toward efficient charge dynamics and photoactivity enhancement

Yu-Chang Lin et al.

Summary: The study enhanced the performance of the photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution reaction by combining oxygenous-type carbon quantum dots with oxygen-deficient ZnO@H-ZnO1-x structures. The hydrogenation process created unsaturated zinc centers to drive the photoelectrochemical reaction, resulting in a five-fold increase in photoactivity compared to bare ZnO NR. Comprehensive analyses shed light on the underlying mechanisms and provided new insights for future electrode design.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

The significant role of the chemically bonded interfaces in BiVO4/ZnO heterostructures for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Jinglin Li et al.

Summary: Chemically bonded BiVO4/ZnO quantum dot heterostructures were fabricated using a simple solution dry-out method, forming chemically bonded interfaces (CBIs) that promote photoexcited electron transfer and serve as hole-blocking layers. The CBIs showed excellent performance in both UV and visible light regions, leading to significantly increased photocurrent density in BiVO4/ZnO QDs without a cocatalyst. Additionally, ethylene glycol was found to partially reduce Bi ions to elemental bismuth during the calcination process, contributing to improved water oxidation kinetics.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A universal strategy boosting photoelectrochemical water oxidation by utilizing MXene nanosheets as hole transfer mediators

Gaoliang Yang et al.

Summary: A novel charge transfer system for PEC water oxidation was developed by inserting MXene nanosheets between alpha-Fe2O3 and OEC, demonstrating efficient suppression of interfacial charge recombination and enhanced photoanode performance. The system showed remarkable photocurrent density and cathodic onset potential shift compared to pristine alpha-Fe2O3, and was proven versatile in enhancing PEC water oxidation for various photoanode materials.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

High efficiency photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation using eco-friendly Cu doped Zn-In-Se colloidal quantum dots

Bing Luo et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the efficient hydrogen production by utilizing eco-friendly Cu-doped Zn-In-Se colloidal quantum dots in PEC cells, achieving unprecedented saturated photocurrent density under sunlight illumination. The optimized Cu dopant and Zn:In ratio significantly enhance light absorption, carrier injection rates/lifetime and the spatial separation of electron-hole pairs, showing promise for high efficiency and environmentally friendly solar-driven applications.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Amorphous iron (III)-borate decorated electrochemically treated-BiVO4 photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Huimin Xu et al.

Summary: The decoration of FeBi co-catalyst on the surface of BiVO4 significantly enhances the PEC water splitting performance, offering a new route for efficient solar-to-hydrogen conversion. The FeBi/E-BiVO4 heterostructure exposed more active sites and rich oxygen vacancies, leading to improved charges transfer and separation efficiencies, contributing to the increased ABPE up to 1.35%.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Review Engineering, Environmental

Two-dimensional MXene-based and MXene-derived photocatalysts: Recent developments and perspectives

Qian Zhong et al.

Summary: This review summarizes recent studies on the preparation and environmental/energy applications of MXene-based and MXene-derived photocatalysts. It also discusses the roles of MXene as a co-catalyst or precursor in photocatalytic applications and presents the challenges and prospects for the future research of MXenes.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Understanding the Role of Vanadium Vacancies in BiVO4 for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Thanh Tran-Phu et al.

Summary: The study explores the impact of vanadium vacancies on the efficiency of BiVO4 photoanodes for water photooxidation, revealing that vanadium deficiency leads to increased recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and lower water oxidation efficiency. Elimination of vanadium vacancies results in prolonged carrier lifetimes, increased catalytically active sites, and a twofold increase in photocurrent during water oxidation.

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-Quality Coating of Conformal and Oriented Metal-Organic Framework Cocatalyst Layer for Efficient Photoelectrocatalysis

Jiale Xie et al.

Summary: In this study, a successful SILAR method was employed to fabricate high-quality MOFs coating, significantly improving the photocurrent density of BiVO4 photoanodes and accelerating hole transfer through the pores.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Defective Metal-Organic Framework Assisted with Nitrogen Doping Enhances the Photoelectrochemical Performance of BiVO4

Liuliu Wang et al.

Summary: The study involves modifying N-doped BiVO4 photoanodes with a defective cobalt-based metal-organic framework (d-CoMOF), leading to significantly enhanced kinetic parameters and improved efficiency and photocurrent density for water splitting.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Strategies and implications of atomic layer deposition in photoelectrochemical water splitting: Recent advances and prospects

Amarnath T. Sivagurunathan et al.

Summary: PEC water splitting is a promising method to generate hydrogen, but challenges remain in improving efficiency, such as energy loss during light-harvesting and electrode degradation. Interfacial interactions between electrode and electrolyte are crucial for overall efficiency. Post-surface modification using ALD has attracted attention for enhancing PEC efficiency.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Research Progress on Catalytic Water Splitting Based on Polyoxometalate/Semiconductor Composites

Yue Wu et al.

Summary: With the rise in global attention towards clean energy, hydrogen energy has emerged as a significant source. Utilizing photocatalysts, electrocatalysts, and photo-electrocatalysts for water splitting to obtain hydrogen and oxygen has become essential.

CATALYSTS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Electron Spin Polarization-Enhanced Photoinduced Charge Separation in Ferromagnetic ZnFe2O4

Wenqiang Gao et al.

Summary: By introducing a ferromagnetic ZFO photoelectrode and placing a magnet to provide a magnetic field, the PEC performance can be significantly enhanced due to electron spin polarization.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Plasmonic Hot Hole-Driven Water Splitting on Au Nanoprisms/P-Type GaN

Kyoungjae Song et al.

Summary: Research indicates that the size of metallic nanostructures is crucial for the injection of plasmonic hot holes, with smaller Au nanoprisms showing higher quantum efficiencies and significant enhancement of photoelectrocatalytic reactions.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Promising CoFe-NiOOH Ternary Polymetallic Cocatalyst for BiVO4-Based Photoanodes in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Guozhen Fang et al.

Summary: In this study, CoFe-NiOOH is developed for the first time as a ternary polymetallic surface oxygen evolution cocatalyst to enhance the photoelectrochemical water splitting performance of BiVO4-based photoanodes. The semiconductor/cocatalyst interface matching reduces recombination ratio of photogenerated carriers, leading to excellent PEC performance with high photocurrent and photon-to-current conversion efficiency.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface engineering of hematite nanorods by 2D Ti3C2-MXene: Suppressing the electron-hole recombination for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

Rong-Kai Ye et al.

Summary: This study utilized Ti3C2-MXene to construct hematite/MXene nanorods, improving the efficiency of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The optimized structure not only significantly enhanced PEC performance, but also maintained high stability, providing a new approach for constructing better anode materials in the future.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Near-complete charge separation in tailored BiVO4-based heterostructure photoanodes toward artificial leaf

Jin Wook Yang et al.

Summary: By designing a new photoanode with nanoporous BiVO4 and SnO2 nanorods focused on charge separation, high charge separation efficiency and photocurrent density are achieved. Coupled with NiFe as a co-catalyst for water oxidation and a perovskite/Si tandem solar cell, the system shows a high solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency for spontaneous solar hydrogen production.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface restoration of polycrystalline Sb2Se3 thin films by conjugated molecules enabling high-performance photocathodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Jeiwan Tan et al.

Summary: By modifying the interface of polycrystalline Sb2Se3 photocathodes with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), both onset potential and photocurrent were enhanced, improving the performance of the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Super-hydrophilic CoAl-LDH on BiVO4 for enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity

Pengfei Yue et al.

Summary: In this work, a simple hydrothermal and plasma treatment strategy was used to prepare a super-hydrophilic H-CoAl-LDH/BiVO4 photoanode, which exhibited high photocurrent and charge separation efficiency, providing a promising approach to enhance the performance of BiVO4 anode in PEC water splitting applications.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Fabrication of ZnxCo1-xO4/BiVO4 photoelectrodes by electrostatic attraction from bimetallic Zn-Co-MOF for PEC activity

Dongbo Xu et al.

Summary: The study utilized bimetallic Zn-Co-MOF template to fabricate ZnxCo1-xO4 metal oxide on the surface of BiVO4 photoelectrode using the electrostatic attraction method, leading to exposure of more metal active sites. The best Zn0.4Co0.6O4/BiVO4 photoelectrodes showed excellent photocurrent density and low onset potential, attributed to the increased metal active sites and improved charge separation. This work provides a simple method for preparing MOFs derived metallic oxide/semiconductor heterojunction nanocomposites.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Electrochemically reduced TiO2 photoanode coupled with oxygen vacancy-rich carbon quantum dots for synergistically improving photoelectrochemical performance

Tingsheng Zhou et al.

Summary: The novel CQDs/E-TiO2 photoanode is designed to synergistically improve the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting by electrochemically reducing TiO2 and modifiying CQDs to enhance bulk charge separation efficiency, surface charge transfer efficiency, and oxygen evolution reaction kinetics. The CQDs/E-TiO2 exhibits significantly higher photocurrent densities compared to TiO2 and E-TiO2, demonstrating its potential for efficient water splitting applications.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Metal-organic framework derived Co3O4/TiO2 heterostructure nanoarrays for promote photoelectrochemical water splitting

Qijia Ding et al.

Summary: A new method was proposed to fabricate Co3O4 modified TiO2 nanorods photoelectrode, significantly improving the photoelectrochemical performance. The improved performance can be attributed to the constructed p-n heterostructure and the increased number of active sites derived from MOFs.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Solution synthesis and activation of spinel CuAl2O4 film for solar water-splitting

Runfa Tan et al.

Summary: A novel solution-processed copper-aluminate film was reported as a photocathode for photoelectrochemical water-splitting. The controlled addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone allowed synthesis of two types of CAO, porous and dense. It was found that lithium-ion incorporation onto CAO significantly improved light absorption, charge transport, and transfer properties, leading to enhanced photocurrent density and faradaic efficiency.

JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Laser-Induced Photoreduction for Selective Tuning of the Oxidation State and Crystal Structure of Hematite Nanorods

Heejung Kong et al.

Summary: The laser-induced photoreduction process is used to obtain patterned magnetite nanorod arrays or oxygen vacancy engineering of hematite nanorods. By controlling the path of the laser beam, the reduction reaction is triggered in the desired area. The hematite nanorods with high oxygen vacancy concentration exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity and are applied in a photoelectrochemical water-splitting cell.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unassisted Photoelectrochemical Cell with Multimediator Modulation for Solar Water Splitting Exceeding 4% Solar-to-Hydrogen Efficiency

Sheng Ye et al.

Summary: This study achieved efficient unassisted overall water splitting by using a photoelectrochemical platform with multimediator modulation, increasing solar energy conversion efficiency. By assembling an integrated system composed of inorganic oxide-based photoanode and organic polymer-based photocathode, the efficiency of solar-to-hydrogen conversion was successfully improved.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface-Tailored InP Nanowires via Self-Assembled Au Nanodots for Efficient and Stable Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution

Parvathala Reddy Narangari et al.

Summary: In this study, self-assembled gold nanodots and wet treatment using sulfur-dissolved oleylamine were utilized to fabricate large-area InP nanowire photocathodes. These photocathodes showed excellent performance in resisting surface corrosion and achieved a highly stable photocurrent density of 33 mA/cm(2) under 1M HCl, without the need for additional protection layers.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Semiconductor quantum dots: Technological progress and future challenges

F. Pelayo Garcia de Arquer et al.

Summary: This article explores the distinctive behavior of electrons in quantum-confined semiconductor nanostructures and their impact on material properties, specifically focusing on the potential applications of zero-dimensional semiconductor quantum dots in optics and materials science.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Atomic layer deposition triggered Fe-In-S cluster and gradient energy band in ZnInS photoanode for improved oxygen evolution reaction

Linxing Meng et al.

Summary: Introducing Fe-In-S clusters onto the surface of the photoanode effectively lowers the electrochemical reaction barrier of oxygen evolution. Constructing a vertically ordered ZnInS nanosheet array with an interior gradient energy band as the photoanode significantly decreases bulk recombination of photo-generated carriers.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Incorporation of Sulfate Anions and Sulfur Vacancies in ZnIn2S4 Photoanode for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Weiwei Xu et al.

Summary: This study developed a new method to enhance the photoelectrochemical performance of ZnIn2S4 photoanodes by introducing sulfate anions and controlled sulfur vacancies, improving the oxygen evolution reaction kinetics and carrier separation efficiency.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced BiVO4 Photoanode Photoelectrochemical Performance via Borate Treatment and a NiFeOx Cocatalyst

Jingnan Zhang et al.

Summary: The combination of boron-treated BiVO4 with NiFeOx electrocatalyst (NiFeOx/B/BiVO4) demonstrates excellent performance as a photoanode under solar illumination, achieving high current density at lower voltages without the need for sacrificial agents. This is largely attributed to the presence of [B(OH)4](-) ligands and NiFeOx electrocatalysts, which enhance the separation efficiency of photoelectron-hole pairs. This work provides a promising approach for developing efficient photocatalysts for solar water splitting.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Colloidal carbon quantum dots as light absorber for efficient and stable ecofriendly photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation

Xiaohan Wang et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated a highly efficient and stable ecofriendly PEC device using C-dots sensitized TiO2 photoanode, Pt loaded on carbon nanofibers as counter electrode, and glucose aqueous solution as electrolyte. The C-dots showed excellent optical properties and structure, interacting strongly with TiO2 to form a stable complex. The PEC devices based on C-dots exhibited a saturated photocurrent density as high as about 4 mA/cm(2) at 0.6 V vs. RHE, and maintained 95% of their initial value after 10-hour illumination at 100 mW/cm(2).

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Quantum dots for photocatalysis: synthesis and environmental applications

Maryam Jouyandeh et al.

Summary: Quantum dots (QDs) are widely used for energy, environmental, and healthcare applications due to their unique properties. This review focuses on the sustainable synthesis of QDs using green natural resources like carbon, graphene, and metals, highlighting their significant environmental applications such as photocatalytic hydrogen production and CO2 reduction. Challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polyoxometalates (POMs): from electroactive clusters to energy materials

Michael R. Horn et al.

Summary: Polyoxometalates (POMs) are a class of nanomaterials with enormous promise for a range of energy-related applications, thanks to their unique structure and versatility that can enhance performance in energy devices and catalyst applications. Investigating structure-property-performance relationships and identifying determinant factors for energy systems can help unleash the potential of POMs across numerous fields, while also addressing pressing energy-related concerns through addressing challenges and opportunities.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A nano-surface monocrystalline BiVO4 nanoplate photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

Bin Gao et al.

Summary: A single-crystal BiVO4 photoanode with surface nanostructure was prepared using a low-cost and simple etching process, leading to higher photocurrent density and lower onset potential. This improvement can be attributed to the larger electrochemical active surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies on the surface.

NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Single atom catalysts for boosting electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic performances

Shijun Tong et al.

Summary: The novel single platinum atom catalyst, anchored through a partial nitridation modification strategy, shows excellent water splitting activity and has the potential to enhance the performance of both EC and PEC water splitting.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface oxygen vacancies of TiO2 nanorods by electron beam irradiation for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Jing Huang et al.

Summary: In this study, a high energy electron beam was used to modify the surface structure of TiO2 nanorod arrays, leading to enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting activity through the introduction of oxygen vacancies. The concentration of surface oxygen vacancies can be controlled by adjusting irradiation doses, which is key in influencing the photoelectrochemical performance. The photocurrent density is significantly increased after modification, without the need for typical doping or catalyst modification.

CRYSTENGCOMM (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Boosting the stability of BiVO4 photoanodes: in situ cocatalyst passivation and immobilization by functional fluorine anions

Rui-Ting Gao et al.

Summary: Tuning electrolyte composition with F- anions can improve stability of photoelectrodes and inhibit photocorrosion by incorporating F- species into the cocatalyst. This innovative approach of in situ etching and passivation engineering shows promise in enhancing the stability of photoelectrodes in electrolyte systems.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Boosting the stability and photoelectrochemical activity of a BiVO4 photoanode through a bifunctional polymer coating

Bin Gao et al.

Summary: This study introduces a metal-free poly(p-phenylene pyromellitimide) film coated onto a BiVO4 photoanode as a bifunctional catalyst layer and protective layer, showing improved photoelectrochemical activity and excellent stability in alkaline electrolytes.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Hybrid Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Systems: From Interface Design to System Assembly

Fujun Niu et al.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Rationally designed/assembled hybrid BiVO4-based photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

Xiaohu Cao et al.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Cobalt polyoxometalate on N-doped carbon layer to boost photoelectrochemical water oxidation of BiVO4

Ke Fan et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mapping Hot Electron Response of Individual Gold Nanocrystals on a TiO2 Photoanode

Haifei Zhu et al.

NANO LETTERS (2020)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS2 for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Dibyendu Ghosh et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Heterogeneous Single-Atom Photocatalysts: Fundamentals and Applications

Chao Gao et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2020)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

MXene-based photocatalysts

Panyong Kuang et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Borophene: New Sensation in Flatland

Pranay Ranjan et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Synthesis of ternary spinel MCo2O4 (M = Mn, Zn)/BiVO4 photoelectrodes for photolectrochemical water splitting

Dongbo Xu et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2020)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Review of MXene electrochemical microsupercapacitors

Qiu Jiang et al.

ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stable Cocatalyst-Free BiVO4Photoanodes with Passivated Surface States for Photocorrosion Inhibition

Rui-Ting Gao et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

Review Environmental Sciences

Applications of MXene-based membranes in water purification: A review

Yasir A. J. Al-Hamadani et al.

CHEMOSPHERE (2020)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Single atom catalysis: a decade of stunning progress and the promise for a bright future

Sharon Mitchell et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Performance enhancement of hematite photoanode with oxygen defects for water splitting

Jingran Xiao et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Cl- modification for effective promotion of photoelectrochemical water oxidation over BiVO4

Zhe Li et al.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances in structural engineering of MXene electrocatalysts

Hao Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2020)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Densely Populated Single Atom Catalysts

Jiabin Wu et al.

SMALL METHODS (2020)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Covalent organic framework photocatalysts: structures and applications

Han Wang et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

In-situ anchoring Ag through organic polymer for configuring efficient plasmonic BiVO4 photoanode

Peng Guan et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Crystal Facet Engineering of Photoelectrodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Songcan Wang et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Alkali Treatment for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation on Hematite Photoanode

Xueliang Zhang et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

NH2-MIL-125(Ti)/TiO2 nanorod heterojunction photoanodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Ji Won Yoon et al.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Novel hierarchical ferric phosphate/bismuth vanadate nanocactus for highly efficient and stable solar water splitting

Truong-Giang Vo et al.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Amorphous Ta2OxNy-enwrapped TiO2 rutile nanorods for enhanced solar photoelectrochemical water splitting

Hongwen Zhang et al.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Earth-Abundant Molecular Z-Scheme Photoelectrochemical Cell for Overall Water-Splitting

Christopher D. Windle et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2019)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Beyond Graphene: Chemistry of Group 14 Graphene Analogues: Silicene, Germanene, and Stanene

Tomas Hartman et al.

ACS NANO (2019)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Overall photoelectrochemical water splitting at low applied potential over ZnO quantum dots/nanorods homojunction

Ying-Chu Chen et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

Article Engineering, Environmental

High-performance photoelectrochemical water splitting of BiVO4@Co-MIm prepared by a facile in-situ deposition method

Shiqian Zhou et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dynamic Role of Cluster Cocatalysts on Molecular Photoanodes for Water Oxidation

Jingguo Li et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Photocarving nitrogen vacancies in a polymeric carbon nitride for metal-free oxygen synthesis

Pengju Yang et al.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2019)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Undamaged depositing large-area ZnO quantum dots/RGO films on photoelectrodes for the construction of pure Z-scheme

Zhengbo Jiao et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances in suppressing the photocorrosion of cuprous oxide for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical energy conversion

Cui Ying Toe et al.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2019)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Plasmon-Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting for Efficient Renewable Energy Storage

Luca Mascaretti et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2019)

Review Chemistry, Physical

MXene-engineered lithium-sulfur batteries

Zhubing Xiao et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface hydroxylated hematite promotes photoinduced hole transfer for water oxidation

Changjin Tang et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activating the surface and bulk of hematite photoanodes to improve solar water splitting

Hemin Zhang et al.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2019)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

WO3/Conducting Polymer Heterojunction Photoanodes for Efficient and Stable Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Dasom Jeon et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2018)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Metallic Ti3C2TX MXene Gas Sensors with Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Seon Joon Kim et al.

ACS NANO (2018)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Boosting the solar water oxidation performance of a BiVO4 photoanode by crystallographic orientation control

Hyun Soo Han et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2018)

Article Chemistry, Physical

WO3 photoanodes with controllable bulk and surface oxygen vacancies for photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Jijie Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2018)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

In-situ electrochemical activation designed hybrid electrocatalysts for water electrolysis

Xiao Shang et al.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2018)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Size-Dependent Band-Gap and Molar Absorption Coefficients of Colloidal CuInS2 Quantum Dots

Chenghui Xia et al.

ACS NANO (2018)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Non-noble metals applied to solar water splitting

Sha-Sha Yi et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2018)

Article Electrochemistry

Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Performance of TiO2 Nanowires through a Facile Acid Treatment Method

Yanchao Mao et al.

JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY (2018)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent progress in efficiency of hydrogen evolution process based photoelectrochemical cell

Muhammad Zahir Iqbal et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2018)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Photoelectrode nanomaterials for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Ali Eftekhari et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Gradient Self-Doped CuBi2O4 with Highly Improved Charge Separation Efficiency

Fuxian Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface Passivation of GaN Nanowires for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting

Purushothaman Varadhan et al.

NANO LETTERS (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Performance of Fe2O3 Nanorods Array by S Doping

Rong Zhang et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2017)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

All-Solid-State Flexible Fiber-Based MXene Supercapacitors

Minmin Hu et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2017)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Promoting Charge Separation and Injection by Optimizing the Interfaces of GaN:ZnO Photoanode for Efficient Solar Water Oxidation

Zhiliang Wang et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting with an Immobilized Molecular Co4O4 Cubane Catalyst

Yong Wang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2017)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Strategies for stable water splitting via protected photoelectrodes

Dowon Bae et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A TiO2/FeMnP Core/Shell Nanorod Array Photoanode for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Oxygen Evolution

Desmond E. Schiper et al.

ACS NANO (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Acid Treatment Enables Suppression of Electron-Hole Recombination in Hematite for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Yi Yang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2016)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Atomically Precise Colloidal Metal Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles: Fundamentals and Opportunities

Rongchao Jin et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2016)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Spectroscopic and Device Aspects of Nanocrystal Quantum Dots

Jeffrey M. Pietryga et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2016)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Hydrogen plasma reduced black TiO2-B nanowires for enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting

Zhangliu Tian et al.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2016)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly Efficient Water Oxidation Photoanode Made of Surface Modified LaTiO2N Particles

Seiji Akiyama et al.

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Plasma-Induced Oxygen Vacancies in Ultrathin Hematite Nanoflakes Promoting Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Changqing Zhu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2015)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Carbon coated Cu2O nanowires for photo-electrochemical water splitting with enhanced activity

Weina Shi et al.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2015)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon quantum dots and their applications

Shi Ying Lim et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2015)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Solar Water Splitting Combining a BiVO4 Light Absorber with a Ru-Based Molecular Cocatalyst

Moreno de Respinis et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Enabling unassisted solar water splitting by iron oxide and silicon

Ji-Wook Jang et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2015)

Review Physics, Multidisciplinary

Recent advances in MXene: Preparation, properties, and applications

Jin-Cheng Lei et al.

FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Life-cycle net energy assessment of large-scale hydrogen production via photoelectrochemical water splitting

Roger Sathre et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2014)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rapid and Controllable Flame Reduction of TiO2 Nanowires for Enhanced Solar Water-Splitting

In Sun Cho et al.

NANO LETTERS (2014)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Nanoporous hematite structures to overcome short diffusion lengths in water splitting

Hyo-Jin Ahn et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2014)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Atomic Layer Deposition of Platinum Catalysts on Nanowire Surfaces for Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction

Neil P. Dasgupta et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2013)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Local Heating with Lithographically Fabricated Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles

Urcan Guler et al.

NANO LETTERS (2013)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Oxygen vacancies promoting photoelectrochemical performance of In2O3 nanocubes

Jiayong Gan et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2013)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Two-Dimensional Nanocrystals Produced by Exfoliation of Ti3AlC2

Michael Naguib et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2011)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hydrogen-Treated TiO2 Nanowire Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Gongming Wang et al.

NANO LETTERS (2011)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Branched TiO2 Nanorods for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production

In Sun Cho et al.

NANO LETTERS (2011)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Single-atom catalysis of CO oxidation using Pt1/FeOx

Botao Qiao et al.

NATURE CHEMISTRY (2011)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Plasmonic-metal nanostructures for efficient conversion of solar to chemical energy

Suljo Linic et al.

NATURE MATERIALS (2011)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photocatalytic hydrogen production from water using porous material [Ru-2(p-BDC)(2)](n)

Yusuke Kataoka et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2009)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

On hydrogen and hydrogen energy strategies I: current status and needs

A Midilli et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2005)