期刊
ORNITHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/ornithapp/duad054
关键词
apparent juvenile survival; fall migration timing; fledgling survival; fragment size; Motus; pre-migration survival; Wood Thrush
类别
This study reveals that Wood Thrush nestlings have lower survival in the first 16 days after fledging, but high survival during their exploration of the landscape prior to fall migration, and lower survival during their first migration and wintering season. The study highlights the importance of small forest fragments for the conservation of forest songbirds.
Determining the drivers and mechanisms for first year survival of migratory songbirds has been an understudied area in population dynamics due to the difficulty in tracking juveniles once they have dispersed from the natal site. With the advancement in miniaturization of radio-tags (battery life similar to 400 days) and the development of the Motus Wildlife Tracking System, we tracked 189 Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) nestlings through independence and to fall migration departure, and their return the following spring. Natal forest fragment size and landscape forest cover (at different spatial scales) were not strong predictors of fledgling, pre-migration, or apparent annual survival; and onset of fall migration was best predicted by fledge date but not natal fragment size. Survival probability was lowest the first 16 days post-fledging (70%, or 0.86 weekly survival probability), very high for juveniles as they explored the landscape prior to fall migration (89%, or 0.99 weekly survival probability) and low during their first migration and wintering season (26%, or 0.95 weekly survival probability). To our knowledge, this is the first study to directly estimate annual apparent juvenile survival in a migratory songbird using year-round radio-tracking. Our study suggests that small forest fragments are important for the conservation for forest songbirds because they can support high survival of juveniles.
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