Under the Hood: The Scientific Leadership, Clinical Operations, Statistical and Data Management, and Laboratory Centers of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group

Article Immunology

Exploration of a Potential Desirability of Outcome Ranking Endpoint for Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections Using 9 Registrational Trials for Antibacterial Drugs

Tori Kinamon et al.

Summary: A novel DOOR endpoint for complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) was defined and evaluated to understand overall outcomes among trial participants.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Immunology

Improving Traditional Registrational Trial End Points: Development and Application of a Desirability of Outcome Ranking End Point for Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Clinical Trials

Jessica Howard-Anderson et al.

Summary: The study applied the DOOR method in three registrational drug trials for complicated urinary tract infections and found no significant difference between the treatment and control groups. DOOR can improve understanding of the trade-offs between clinical efficacy and safety.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Global epidemiology and clinical outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and associated carbapenemases (POP): a prospective cohort study

Jinnethe Reyes et al.

Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) infections and the distribution and clinical significance of carbapenemases. The results showed that carbapenemase-producing CRPA infections were associated with increased 30-day mortality, and the prevalence of carbapenemase genes varied by region. These findings highlight the therapeutic challenges posed by these carbapenem-resistant organisms.

LANCET MICROBE (2023)

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Article Immunology

Priorities and Progress in Diagnostic Research by the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group

Kimberly E. Hanson et al.

Summary: The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group prioritizes the advancement of diagnostics for infectious diseases and addresses the unmet needs in this field. Accurate diagnostics are critical in the fight against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Immunology

The Future Ain't What It Used to Be…Out With the Old…In With the Better: Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group Innovations

Scott R. Evans et al.

Summary: Clinical research networks conduct important studies and contribute to scientific advancements by developing new methodologies and tools, addressing common issues, and anticipating future research needs.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Review Microbiology

Considerations for the Use of Phage Therapy in Clinical Practice

Gina A. Suh et al.

Summary: Due to increasing antimicrobial resistance and medical device-related infections, phage therapy has gained renewed interest as an alternative or adjunct to conventional antimicrobials. However, there are significant knowledge gaps in clinical application and laboratory testing of phage therapy, leading to heterogeneity in approach and lack of consensus.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Envisioning Future Urinary Tract Infection Diagnostics

Robin Patel et al.

Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections in the United States and contribute significantly to antibiotic use in healthcare settings. Novel UTI diagnostics have the potential to improve healthcare delivery, patient outcomes, and antibiotic use.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Clinical outcomes and bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex among patients from different global regions (CRACKLE-2): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study

Minggui Wang et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the bacterial characteristics of CRKP infections and the clinical outcomes of patients with CRKP infections across different countries, revealing significant regional differences in CRKP epidemics.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Dalbavancin as an option for treatment of S. aureus bacteremia (DOTS): study protocol for a phase 2b, multicenter, randomized, open-label clinical trial

Nicholas A. Turner et al.

Summary: The DOTS trial aims to compare the efficacy of dalbavancin with standard parenteral antibiotic therapy in treating complicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia by evaluating the Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) at day 70 after treatment.

TRIALS (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Safety and microbiological activity of phage therapy in persons with cystic fibrosis colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: study protocol for a phase 1b/2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Pranita D. Tamma et al.

Summary: This study is a double-blind placebo-controlled trial investigating both the activity of phages in reducing P. aeruginosa colony counts and the safety of phage therapy.

TRIALS (2022)

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Article Immunology

Clinical Impact of Ceftriaxone Resistance in Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study

Pranita D. Tamma et al.

Summary: This prospective cohort study investigated the outcomes of patients with ceftriaxone-resistant (CRO-R) Escherichia coli bloodstream infections (BSIs). The study found that patients with CRO-R infections had poorer clinical outcomes compared to those with ceftriaxone-susceptible (CRO-S) infections. The analysis revealed that the CRO-R group had a higher proportion of Pitt bacteremia score >= 4 and a longer time to receive active antibiotic therapy. However, after adjusting for confounding factors using inverse probability weighting, there was no significant difference in the desired outcomes between the two groups. Secondary outcomes showed higher 30-day mortality, longer length of stay, and increased incidence of admission to long-term care facilities in the CRO-R group.

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Immunology

REPORTing of Antimicrobial Resistance from Blood Cultures (REPORT-ABC), an ARLG Survey Summary: Resistance Marker Reporting Practices from Positive Blood Cultures

Patricia J. Simner et al.

Summary: Approaches to reporting molecular antibacterial resistance test results from positive blood culture broths vary significantly across clinical laboratories. Providing interpretive comments with therapeutic guidance alongside results reported may assist clinicians who are not well-versed in genetic mechanisms of AMR. However, this is currently not being done in all clinical laboratories. Standardized strategies for AMR gene result reporting are needed.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Immunology

Randomized Trial Evaluating Clinical Impact of RAPid IDentification and Susceptibility Testing for Gram-negative Bacteremia: RAPIDS-GN

Ritu Banerjee et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that rapid organism identification and phenotypic AST can lead to faster antibiotic therapy adjustments for patients with gram-negative bloodstream infections (BSIs), ultimately improving treatment outcomes.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology

Patients' Experiences With Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Bacterial Bloodstream Infections: A Qualitative Descriptive Study and Concept Elicitation Phase To Inform Measurement of Patient-reported Quality of Life

Heather A. King et al.

Summary: This study explored the impact of Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections on patients' quality of life through qualitative research and concept elicitation. It found that physical and functional aspects were most affected, with SAB having a major impact on multiple QOL domains. The study highlights the importance of incorporating patient feedback in patient-centered clinical trials and care.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology

Desirability of Outcome Ranking for the Management of Antimicrobial Therapy (DOOR MAT): A Framework for Assessing Antibiotic Selection Strategies in the Presence of Drug Resistance

Brigid M. Wilson et al.

Summary: Antibiotic stewardship must consider effectiveness and spectrum of therapy, proposing the DOOR MAT approach for evaluating desirability of antibiotic selection. The principle is to effectively treat the patient while minimizing future resistance development.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Immunology

Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group 2.0: Back to Business

Henry F. Chambers et al.

Summary: The ARLG has been awarded funding for another 7-year cycle to support a clinical research network on antibacterial resistance with 3 overarching research priorities. They also offer 3 mentoring opportunities to support the next generation of AR researchers.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology