Muller mistakes: The linear no-threshold (LNT) dose response and US EPA's cancer risk assessment policies and practices

Article Genetics & Heredity

101 years ago: Hermann Muller's remarkable insight

James E. Haber

Summary: More than 20 years before DNA was recognized as the genetic material, Hermann Muller, a Drosophila geneticist, anticipated the essential principles that such a molecule must possess: self-assembly and mutability while maintaining stability. He then made a remarkable prediction that unraveling the nature of genetic material would come from studying bacteria and their bacteriophages, rather than studying Drosophila.

GENETICS (2023)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Linear non-threshold (LNT) fails numerous toxicological stress tests: Implications for continued policy use

Edward J. Calabrese

Summary: This study conducted a series of stress tests on the linear non-threshold (LNT) dose-response model and found significant limitations in its use for low-dose cancer risk assessment. The model's ability to predict low-dose cancer risks was found to be seriously flawed, rendering it unreliable.

CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Dose response and risk assessment: Evolutionary foundations

Edward J. Calabrese et al.

Summary: This paper suggests that the origin of the LNT concept for ionizing radiation was based on a lack of understanding of evolution, leading to the establishment of the linear no threshold dose response model. However, modern advancements in repair mechanisms have shown that the historical foundations of LNT were flawed.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology