☆ 4.8 Review

Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polymer types regulation strategy toward the synthesis of carbonized polymer dots with excitation-wavelength dependent or independent fluorescence

Jianliang Bai et al.

Summary: Three types of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) were synthesized via a one-pot process using o-phenylenediamine (OPD), m-phenylenediamine (MPD), and p-phenylenediamine (PPD), displaying excitation-wavelength independent yellow, green, and red emissions, respectively. In contrast, two types of CPDs prepared via a hydrothermal process using citric acid (CA) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) showed noticeable excitation-wavelength dependent emissions. By characterizing and comparing the two types of CPDs, it was revealed that the polymer structure types during CPD formation can effectively control the dependence/independence of fluorescence excitation-wavelength. Homogeneous polymer structures in CPDs contribute to excitation-wavelength independence, while random copolymer structures contribute to excitation-wavelength dependence. These studies are significantly important for understanding polymer structures and designing unique optical properties of CPDs.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pyrolysis of single carbon sources in SBA-15: A recyclable solid phase synthesis to obtain uniform carbon dots with tunable luminescence

Xiaoqing Niu et al.

Summary: This study proposes a new method for synthesizing carbon dots in SBA-15 templates by heating single carbon sources in air. The method offers advantages such as high yield, low cost, and tunable luminescence.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The fabrication strategies and enhanced performances of metal-organic frameworks and carbon dots composites: State of the art review

Yanqiu Zhang et al.

Summary: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely applied in catalysis and sensing due to their large specific surface area, control-lable structure, and high concentration of active metal sites. However, their potential applications in photocatalysis and luminescence sensors face challenges such as charge recombination, low solar energy utilization, low quantum yield, and limited charge transfer. Recent studies have shown that the introduction of carbon dots (CDs) can greatly enhance the functions of MOFs. This paper reviews the synthesis methods of CD-MOF composites and their potential applications in photocatalysis and sensing, with emphasis on representative examples and key features.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Nitrogen doped biomass derived carbon dots as a fluorescence dual-mode sensing platform for detection of tetracyclines in biological and food samples

Yanchun Jia et al.

Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) were synthesized hydrothermally using abundantly accessible pitaya peel and 1,2-ethylenediamine as precursors. N-CDs exhibited favorable photostability and served as a multi-functional nano-sensor for detecting tetracycline antibiotics. The fluorescence of N-CDs was rapidly quenched by tetracycline and oxytetracycline, while it showed remarkable enhancement in the presence of chlortetra-cycline. Additionally, a fluorescence sensor array was developed for identifying multiple tetracycline antibiotics in real samples.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2023)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

A nanodiamond chemotherapeutic folate receptor-targeting prodrug with triggerable drug release

Jiangtao Wu et al.

Summary: This study developed a dual-gated folate-functionalized nanodiamond drug delivery system that selectively delivers drugs to cancer cells, reducing side effects. The system has activatable fluorescence and cytotoxicity and releases drugs through high levels of glutathione.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS (2023)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Two-photon photodynamic therapy based on FRET using tumor-cell targeted riboflavin conjugated graphene quantum dot

Amir Soleimany et al.

Summary: A method utilizing riboflavin-conjugated and amine-functionalized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots is proposed to enhance the treatment depth and specific accumulation capability in photodynamic therapy.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY (2023)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Insights into the application of carbon materials in heterojunction solar cells

Youtian Mo et al.

Summary: The design of carbon material-based heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs) offers a promising method to convert and collect solar energy. Versatile carbon materials with unique properties have gained significant attention in the field of photovoltaics (PVs) due to their multiple applications. Efforts have been made to enhance light absorption and charge transporting ability to achieve high-performance HJSCs. This review discusses the basic application and principles of carbon materials in PVs and highlights optimization methods for carbon nanotube (CNT)-based HJSCs, including film modification and interface engineering. The potential applications of flexible carbon material-based HJSCs are also explored.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Near-Infrared Blinking Carbon Dots Designed for Quantitative Nanoscopy

Jian Mao et al.

Summary: In this study, near-infrared CDs with a maximum emission of around 750 nm were designed and synthesized by weaving a nitrogen-doped aromatic backbone with surplus carboxyl groups on the surface. The NIR-CDs can be conjugated to monovalent antibody fragments for labeling and imaging of cellular receptors, and they exhibit improved signal-to-noise ratio and localization precision compared to visible CDs. Fluorescent burst analysis allows for accurate counting of cellular receptors at nanoscale resolution. Using NIR-CDs-based SMLM, oligomerization and internalization of programmed cell death-ligand 1 by a small molecule inhibitor for checkpoint blockade were demonstrated. The NIR-CDs can serve as a generally applicable probe for quantitative nanoscopy in chemistry and biology.

NANO LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Multifunctional N,S-doped and methionine functionalized carbon dots for on-off-on Fe3+ and ascorbic acid sensing, cell imaging, and fluorescent ink applying

Zheng Yang et al.

Summary: This study presents a fluorescent sensor based on carbon dots, which can selectively quantify Fe3+ and ascorbic acid. The quenching and recovery of fluorescence in the sensor are achieved through coordination and redox reactions, providing high selectivity, sensitivity, and interference immunity. The sensor can be used for monitoring and removal of Fe3+ and AA in environmental solutions and solid samples.

NANO RESEARCH (2023)

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Review Engineering, Environmental

Solvothermal synthesis and applications of micro/nano carbons: A review

Yan Huo et al.

Summary: The solvothermal method improves the structural and chemical defects of crystal growth by adjusting the factors affecting its growth. This allows for the control of crystal morphology, size, and functionalization. The solvothermal method is cost-efficient for synthesizing micro/nano carbons (M/NCs) due to its low reaction temperature, environmental friendliness, and high yields. The review provides a brief history and process of solvothermal synthesis and summarizes the different methods and applications of M/NCs in various fields.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

B-doped graphene quantum dots array as fluorescent sensor platforms for plasticizers detection

Xiaofang Liu et al.

Summary: A fluorescence sensor array based on B-doped graphene quantum dots was designed to detect six illegally used plasticizers. The sensor array showed good analytical performance with a linear relationship and a wide detection range.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Facile Access to Fabricate Carbon Dots and Perspective of Large-Scale Applications

Lintao Chen et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of methods for large-scale production of carbon dots (CDs) and their functionalization. The methods of CD synthesis, such as hydrothermal/solvothermal, microwave-assisted, magnetic hyperthermia microfluidic, and others, along with the functionalization of CDs, are detailed. Promising applications of CDs, including enhancing mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and energy storage, are also discussed.

SMALL (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Long-Lived Dynamic Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Carbon Dots Based Materials

Kaiti Wang et al.

Summary: As a type of room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) material, carbon dots (CDs) have short lifetime and low phosphorescence efficiency. Various strategies have been developed to improve these disadvantages, including embedding in rigid matrix, introducing heteroatom, and crosslink-enhanced emission. Doping CDs into different matrices is the main method for preparing long-lived CDs-based RTP materials. However, matrix-free CDs and carbonized polymer dots-based RTP materials have also been widely explored. The recent progress, efficient strategies, and emission mechanisms of CDs-based RTP materials are summarized and reviewed in detail. These materials show great application potential in anti-counterfeiting, data encryption, and biological monitoring due to their excellent chemical stability, photostability, and low biological toxicity.

SMALL (2023)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Regulating photochemical properties of carbon dots for theranostic applications

Qin Wang et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) are a new zero-dimensional carbon-based material that has attracted extensive attention due to their easy preparation and surface modification, good biocompatibility and water solubility, and tunable photochemical properties. This review summarizes strategies for precisely regulating the photochemical properties of CDs, such as the selection of suitable carbon source, heteroatomic doping, optimum reaction conditions, surface modification, and assembly strategy. These strategies provide valuable insight and new ideas for the development of CDs with excellent phototheranostic performance.

WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Deciphering the catalytic mechanism of superoxide dismutase activity of carbon dot nanozyme

Wenhui Gao et al.

Summary: We report a carbon dot (C-dot) superoxide dismutase (SOD) nanozyme with a catalytic activity comparable to that of natural enzymes. The SOD-like activity of C-dot nanozyme relies on specific chemical modifications and conjugated carbonyl groups for binding and electron transfer. Furthermore, the C-dot SOD nanozymes exhibit intrinsic targeting ability to oxidation-damaged cells and effectively protect neuron cells in the ischemic stroke mouse model.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Red emissive carbon dots as a fluorescent sensor for fast specific monitoring and imaging of polarity in living cells

Zheng Yang et al.

Summary: Polarity is an important microenvironment parameter that plays a crucial role in physiological and pathological processes. A highly-fluorescent red-emitting carbon dots (CDs) based fluorescent sensor was developed for real-time sensing of polarity in solutions and living cells. The sensor, with excellent photostability and photobleaching resistance, high fluorescence quantum yield, and biocompatibility, successfully monitored and imaged polarity changes in mitochondria and lysosomes, providing a promising tool for selective, sensitive, rapid, and real-time visualization of polarity in living cells.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2023)

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Review Electrochemistry

Electrochemical Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots

Daniele Rocco et al.

Summary: Carbon quantum dots (CDs) are small carbon nanostructures that exhibit excellent photoluminescence properties and have low toxicity, high biocompatibility, and good dispersibility in water and organic solvents. They have been extensively investigated for various applications such as biosensors, luminescent probes, and fluorescent inks. The synthesis of high-quality CDs via electrochemistry has been shown to be a green, practical, and efficient approach, with the ability to fine-tune their characteristics. This review summarizes the recent advances in electrochemical synthesis of CDs, with a focus on optimizing the electrochemical set-up.

CHEMELECTROCHEM (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fe-Doped Carbon Dots as NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for In Vivo Gastric Imaging and pH Detection

Qiaoqiao Ci et al.

Summary: Most existing carbon dots emit in the visible/first near-infrared region, limiting their penetration depth in vivo. This study presents the development of Fe-doped carbon dots with NIR-II emission and high quantum yield, demonstrating their potential as effective probes for in vivo bioimaging in the NIR-II region.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Enabled by Fluorescent Nanodiamond Boronic Hydrogel

Jian Zhang et al.

Summary: Continuous monitoring of glucose is crucial for diabetic patients, and this study presents a new strategy utilizing a fluorescent nanodiamond hydrogel system in porous microneedles for accurate and stable CGM. The fluorescent nanodiamond hydrogel shows excellent stability and sensitivity, providing promising potential for diabetes treatment and control.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Portable Smartphone Platform Based on Aggregation-Induced Enhanced Emission Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Quantitative Sensing of Fluoride Ions

Jingjing Liu et al.

Summary: The development of an instrument-free, on-site, real-time, sensitive, and visualized fluoride-ion (F-) content rapid detection strategy is crucial to ensuring the health of the population. A smartphone sensing platform based on a ratiometric fluorescent probe was developed for the detection of F-. The platform features low cost, portability, easy operation, and good stability, selectivity, and repeatability, providing a powerful tool for visual quantitative detection in various fields.

ACS SENSORS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanodiamonds Doped with Manganese for Applications in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Srinivasu Kunuku et al.

Summary: Multifunctional manganese-incorporated nanodiamonds (Mn-NDs) were fabricated through Mn ion implantation, and they demonstrated significant contrast enhancement in both in vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mn-NDs showed no cytotoxicity effect on cells. Therefore, Mn-NDs have great potential for cancer therapy in vivo imaging by MR imaging.

ACS OMEGA (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Novel Dual-Emission Carbonized Polymer Dot-Based Ratiometric Fluorescence Probe for the Sensitive Detection of Tertiary Butylhydroquinone

Jiangbin Xu et al.

Summary: In this study, a dual-emission carbonized polymer dot (d-CPDs) fluorescent probe was developed to detect tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) in edible oils. The probe utilized blue fluorescent CPDs (b-CPDs) as the response signal and yellow fluorescent CPDs (y-CPDs) as the internal reference material. It was found that the blue fluorescence of b-CPDs was quenched by increasing Fe3+ ion concentration, but could be restored by TBHQ.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Boron Dopants in Red-Emitting B and N Co-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Enable Targeted Imaging of Lysosomes

Yuxian Deng et al.

Summary: Lysosome-targeting probes based on boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon quantum dots exhibit high quantum yield, excellent fluorescence stability, and can be used for tracking cell apoptosis, necrosis, and endosomal escape.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Exploring Low-Power Single-Pulsed Laser-Triggered Two-Photon Photodynamic/Photothermal Combination Therapy Using a Gold Nanostar/Graphene Quantum Dot Nanohybrid

Amir Soleimany et al.

Summary: In this study, a new nanohybrid consisting of thiolated chitosan-coated gold nanostars (AuNS-TCS) as the photothermal agent and riboflavin-conjugated N,S-doped graphene quantum dot (Rf-N,S-GQD) as the two-photon photosensitizer (TP-PS) was developed. The nanohybrid exhibited combined TP-PDT/PTT when a low-power, single-pulsed laser irradiation was applied. The study demonstrates a successful single-laser-triggered, synergistic combined TP-PDT/PTT based on a plasmonic metal/QD hybrid, with potential for future investigation in clinical settings.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Positively Charged Carbon Dots with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Dual Activities for Promoting Infected Wound Healing

Xiaoqing Qu et al.

Summary: In this study, positively charged carbon dots (CDs) were designed and synthesized, and their good biocompatibility, antibacterial effect, antioxidant capacity, and promotion of wound healing were validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. These positively charged CDs can effectively inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at low concentrations, reduce the risk of wound infection. They can also scavenge excess free radicals, reduce oxidative stress damage, and promote wound healing. Application of these CDs in a mouse model of skin infection showed effective wound healing without obvious side effects.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies: Synergy Opportunities for Nanomedicine

Marta Overchuk et al.

Summary: Tumoricidal photodynamic (PDT) and photo-thermal (PTT) therapies use light to eliminate cancer cells with precision. The combination of PDT and PTT shows potential due to their different mechanisms of action. Recent developments in multimodal nanoparticles further enhance their efficacy. This review discusses the limitations of each modality alone and how combining them can improve treatment efficacy and safety. It also analyzes the design strategies of dual PDT/PTT nanoparticles and the impact of treatment sequence and dose on treatment response. Additionally, it provides guidelines to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PDT/PTT interactions.

ACS NANO (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Metal-Free Mesoporous Carbon Dots/Silica Hybrid Type I Photosensitizer with Enzyme-Activity for Synergistic Treatment of Hypoxic Tumor

Boshi Tian et al.

Summary: A metal-free type I photosensitizer with peroxidase-like activity has been developed for synergistic treatment of hypoxic tumors. It can effectively generate O-2(center dot-) under low oxygen conditions upon 640nm light irradiation, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. Additionally, the photosensitizer catalyzes the conversion of endogenous H2O2 into (OH)-O-center dot in the tumor microenvironment, further synergistically ablating tumor cells.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Portable smartphone platform based on tunable chiral fluorescent carbon dots for visual detection of L-Asp and L-Lys

Shanshan Wei et al.

Summary: Amino acids are crucial in various physiological processes and the accurate monitoring of their metabolism remains a challenge. This study successfully synthesized multi-color emission carbon dots (CDs) that demonstrated bright and steady luminescence. These CDs exhibited low cytotoxicity and excellent multi-color cell imaging ability. Specifically, chiral red emissive CDs (R-L-CDs) were able to quickly identify specific amino acids in water and biological samples. The introduction of a smart phone color recognizer application improved the accuracy of visual detection. Overall, these findings have far-reaching prospects for the application of R-L-CDs as biosensors.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Microwave synthesis of boron- and nitrogen-codoped graphene quantum dots and their detection to pesticides and metal ions

Chien-Te Hsieh et al.

Summary: By using a highly efficient solid-phase microwave-assisted synthesis technique, nitrogen and boron doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were successfully synthesized. These doped GQDs were utilized as sensing probes for detecting pesticides and iron ions in aqueous solutions. The maximal B/C and N/C atomic ratios in the GQD structures reached as high as 28.6 and 86.4 at.%, respectively.

CHEMOSPHERE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dot-based artificial light-harvesting systems with sequential energy transfer and white light emission for photocatalysis

Chaoqun Ma et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Easy-to-perform organic-solvent-free synthesis of carbon dots with strong green photoluminescence

Jiazhuang Guo et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Red/NIR emission carbonized polymer dots based on citric acid-benzoylurea and their application in lymph nodes imaging

Feishi Shan et al.

Summary: Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) have been developed as potential lymph nodes (LNs)-targeted imaging agents due to their excellent properties. In this study, red/near infrared emission CPDs (RCPDs) were prepared and demonstrated to target LNs for imaging. This work expands the biological applications of CPDs and provides a new nanomaterial for targeted imaging of LNs.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Preparation of multicolor carbon dots with thermally turn-on fluorescence for multidimensional information encryption

Chan Wang et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface engineering of carbon dots for highly sensitive α-glucosidase assay and inhibition evaluation

Meijuan Liang et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

State-of-the-art of biomass-derived carbon dots: Preparation, properties, and applications

Mengyuan Fang et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly efficient solid-state luminescence of carbonized polymer dots without matrix

Rui Li et al.

Summary: The development of high-performance solid state luminescent carbon-based nanomaterials presents challenges. In this study, strong blue-green fluorescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) called oABT-TSA-CPDs were synthesized with an absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 76% in solid state without matrix. The carbon core state and surface state associated with a carbonyl group were identified as the source of strong fluorescence emission in the solid state. The mechanism of enhanced emission from ethanol solution (PLQY = 7%) to powder (PLQY = 76%) was investigated and confirmed as the fixation of PL centers.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Construction of carbon dots having aggregation-induced emission and intramolecular charge transfer properties

Xinyue Kou et al.

Summary: In this study, triphenylamine-based carbon dots (T-CDs) with intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) were synthesized in acetic acid. The T-CDs exhibited different fluorescence colors in solvents with different polarities, and aggregation occurred in the presence of water. The increasing aggregation resulted in bright red emissions as a result of ICT and AIE. Interestingly, the T-CDs can be used for intracellular imaging and lysosome-specific targeting of live cells.

DYES AND PIGMENTS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

One-step synthesis of aldehyde-functionalized dual-emissive carbon dots for ratiometric fluorescence detection of bisulfite in food samples

Cui Cui Deng et al.

Summary: Aldehyde-functionalized dual-emissive carbon dots (D-CDs) are synthesized for direct ratiometric sensing of HSO3-. The fluorescence of D-CDs transforms from green to deep-blue due to the nucleophilic addition reaction between HSO3- and aldehyde of D-CDs. The probe has a linear range of 0.1-30 μmol/L with a detection limit of 42 nmol/L and shows good selectivity and a fast reaction time (<5 min) toward HSO3-. It has been successfully applied to trace HSO3- in food samples.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

An ultrasensitive sensing platform based on fluorescence carbon dots for chlorogenic acid determination in food samples

Qin Hu et al.

Summary: An ultrasensitive and convenient method for chlorogenic acid determination based on fluorescence quenching of carbon dots was established. The proposed method showed high selectivity and sensitivity towards chlorogenic acid detection, and was successfully applied to analyze chlorogenic acid in real food samples. The facial, simple, economic, and highly sensitive fluorescence sensing system has promising prospects for the food analysis.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Dual-emissive carbonized polymer dots for the ratiometric fluorescence imaging of singlet oxygen in living cells

Cheng-Ruei Yang et al.

Summary: A ratiometric fluorescent probe based on o-phenylenediamine-derived carbonized polymer dots (o-PD CPDs) was developed for real-time intracellular detection of singlet oxygen (1O2). The o-PD CPDs can produce 1O2 and selectively quench the yellow fluorescence, allowing for the selective detection of 1O2 against other reactive oxygen species (ROS). The probe was successfully applied to monitor 1O2 level in the intracellular environment and detect 1O2 and other ROS species in an inflammatory neutrophil cell model.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Nano-carrier for gene delivery and bioimaging based on pentaetheylenehexamine modified carbon dots

Wei Zhang et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted much attention due to their excellent properties and applications, especially as a non-viral vector for gene delivery. In this study, pentaethylenehexamine-derived CDs (PCDs) were prepared and characterized. Results showed that PCDs possessed amine groups, positive charge, low cytotoxicity, and high transfection efficiency. PCDs were also observed to cross the blood-brain barrier. These findings indicate that PCDs are a potential nucleic acid/gene vector for gene therapy and drug delivery for brain diseases.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Robust solvatochromic carbon quantum dots for selective detection of water and Sn4+ and specific lipid imaging

Zihan Wang et al.

Summary: Researchers successfully developed robust solvatochromic carbon quantum dots (RS-CQDs) with a large emission shift from yellow to red using the hydrothermal method. The RS-CQDs were used for detecting water and Sn4+ with satisfactory results, and showed significant advantages over commercial lipid markers in terms of longer emission, larger Stokes shift, and better photostability. This study provides a new research direction for the development of metal-doped CQDs.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Assignment of Core and Surface States in Multicolor-Emissive Carbon Dots

Bohan Zhang et al.

Summary: The luminescence mechanisms of carbon dots were investigated, revealing different emissions from different optical centers. The broad red emission was found to be sensitive to solvents, temperature, and UV-IR.

SMALL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hypoxia-Responsive Photosensitizer Targeting Dual Organelles for Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors

Yuqi Tang et al.

Summary: In this study, a hypoxia-responsive photosensitizer, TPA-Azo, is developed by exploiting the hypoxic properties of solid tumors. This photosensitizer, when reduced by azoreductase in hypoxic tumors, transforms into a fluorescent photosensitizer, TPA-BN, which can be activated for image-guided photodynamic therapy. This design strategy provides a foundation for the development of fluorescence-activatable photosensitizers.

SMALL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Carbon dots as specific fluorescent sensors for Hg2+ and glutathione imaging

Shaobing Zhang et al.

Summary: Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were synthesized using coal washing wastewater as the carbon source, tryptophan for nitrogen doping, and surface functionalization with polyethylene glycol. The NCDs exhibited excellent fluorescent properties and could be used as fluorescent ink for message encryption, as well as fluorescent sensors for Hg2+ and GSH detection in various forms. The NCDs also showed low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility, making them suitable for imaging Hg2+ and GSH in living cells. This study demonstrates the potential applications of NCDs in anti-counterfeiting, message encryption, and environmental/biological sensing.

MICROCHIMICA ACTA (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Reverse-degree-based topological indices of fullerene cage networks

Ali Ahmad et al.

Summary: Made entirely of carbon atoms, fullerene is a spherical molecule with a three-dimensional pattern resembling a soccer ball. The most common type of fullerene is C60, which consists of 60 carbon atoms arranged in a soccer ball-like pattern (12 pentagons and 20 hexagons). Its spherical shape makes fullerene useful in various applications, such as drug delivery, lubricants, and potentially in nanotechnology.

MOLECULAR PHYSICS (2023)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Activated cascade effect for dual-mode ratiometric and smartphone-assisted visual detection of curcumin and F- based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots

Siyuan Tang et al.

Summary: A novel cascade nano-system based on dual emission carbon dots is developed for on-site visual quantitative detection of curcumin and fluoride ion. The system utilizes the activated cascade effect to form an intelligent off-on-off sensing probe for fast detection. This work is of great significance in environmental monitoring and information storage encryption.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

STORM-based multi-functional carbon dots for investigating HS- interaction with mitochondria in living cells

Jiaqing Guo et al.

Summary: By investigating subcellular components using visualization techniques, this study achieved higher resolution and high signal-to-background ratio imaging of living cells. The study used photoblinking carbon dots (P-CDs) and Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) to explore the interaction between subcellular structures, providing a potent method for visualizing the etiology of associated disorders.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Red emission carbon dots for mitoxantrone detection

Yujia Zhong et al.

Summary: Red-emitting carbon dots were designed as a fluorescent probe for the determination of MITX in human serum based on IFE. The R-CDs showed a decrease in fluorescence intensity and a red-shift in emission peak position with increasing MITX concentration. The developed detection probe exhibited a wide linear detection range of 0.096-30 μM and a low LOD of 0.032 μM for MITX. It was successfully applied to the determination of MITX in human serum samples, demonstrating good operability, low cost, and high accuracy.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Room Temperature Phosphorescence Carbon Dots: Preparations, Regulations, and Applications

Shengju Zhou et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the important progress made in room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) carbon dots (CDs), including their synthetic strategies, performance regulation, and potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, sensing, light-emitting diodes, and biomedicine. The remaining major challenges for RTP CDs are discussed and new opportunities in the future are proposed.

SMALL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Dots with Guanidinium and Amino Acid Functional Groups for Targeted Small Interfering RNA Delivery toward Tumor Gene Therapy

Huimin Xu et al.

Summary: siRNA-based gene therapy is a promising strategy for tumor treatment. Novel gene vectors, such as LAAM GUA-CDs, which can target tumor cells and deliver siRNA without causing side effects, have been designed and synthesized. LAAM GUA-CDs loaded with siBcl-2 exhibit a high tumor inhibition rate, twice as effective as commercial Lipofectamine 2000. LAAM GUA-CDs provide a versatile approach for tumor-targeted siRNA delivery and cancer therapy.

SMALL (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Supramolecular Chemistry of Carbon-Based Dots Offers Widespread Opportunities

Francesca Arcudi et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are nanomaterials with sizes less than 10 nm, consisting of a carbon-based core and functional groups on their surface. These surface groups can form non-covalent bonds with other molecules and polymers, and the carbonaceous core can also establish non-covalent bonds with pi-extended or apolar compounds. Through post-synthetic chemical procedures, the surface functional groups can be modified to fine-tune the supramolecular interactions. These interactions have enabled the preparation of functional assemblies and architectures for various applications such as sensing, imaging, therapy, catalysis, and devices. The use of non-covalent interactions provides adaptability, tunability, and stimuli-responsiveness due to the dynamic nature of these interactions, which can influence the future development of carbon dots-based materials.

SMALL (2023)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Antibacterial Carbon Dots: Mechanisms, Design, and Applications

Wen-Bo Zhao et al.

Summary: The increase in antibiotic resistance highlights the need for developing new antibiotics as well as non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals. Carbon dots, a type of carbon-based zero-dimensional nanomaterial, show promise as antibacterial materials due to their high efficiency and lack of drug resistance. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the recent development of carbon dots in the antibacterial field, including mechanisms, design, optimization processes, and potential applications such as bacterial infection treatment, bacterial biofilm prevention, antibacterial surfaces, food preservation, and bacteria imaging and detection. Challenges and future prospects of carbon dots in the antibacterial field are also discussed.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Carbon dots-mediated synthesis of gold nanodendrites with extended absorption into NIR-II window for in vivo photothermal therapy

Guoyong Liu et al.

Summary: This study presents a simple and feasible method to synthesize plasmonic gold nanodendrites (AuNDs) with strong and characteristic absorption in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window, using a carbon dots-mediated growth strategy. The AuNDs exhibit broadband absorption and two characteristic absorption peaks, and demonstrate good photothermal conversion efficiency. They can be applied for NIR-II photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. This research provides a promising solution for tuning the growth of nanoparticles for bioimaging and phototherapy in the NIR-II window.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbonized Polymer Dot Probe for Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging of Lipid Droplets in Living Cells and Tissues

Zepeng Huo et al.

Summary: Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles involved in lipid balance and cell signaling. A novel carbonized polymer dot (CPD)-based fluorescent nanoprobe has been developed for targeting and imaging LDs in living cells. This probe shows excellent biocompatibility, simple preparation, and high compatibility with commercial dyes, and has the potential to study LD metabolism and diseases.

ACS SENSORS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tracking and Understanding Dynamics of Atoms and Clusters of Late Transition Metals with In-Situ DRIFT and XAS Spectroscopy Assisted DFT

Nini Xin et al.

Summary: Mitochondria play significant roles in maintaining a stable internal environment for cell metabolism. Fluorescent probes provide powerful tools for visualizing dynamic processes. However, most mitochondria-targeted probes have poor photostability, making long-term monitoring challenging. In this study, a novel mitochondria targeted probe based on carbon dots with high performance for long-term tracking was designed.

ACS SENSORS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Renal-friendly Li plus -doped carbonized polymer dots activate Schwann cell autophagy for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration

Mingxi Yang et al.

Summary: Li-CPDs, synthesized for the first time, can change the pharmacokinetics of lithium ion and promote peripheral nerve injury repair with almost no renal toxicity. This makes Li-CPDs a promising nanomedicine for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

RNA-Targeting Carbon Dots for Live-Cell Imaging of Granule Dynamics

Lei Jiang et al.

Summary: Monitoring the dynamics of RNA granules and phase separation inside cells is important for understanding cellular responses under various stresses, such as oxidative stress. Current small-molecule RNA probes face limitations in stability and biocompatibility, highlighting the urgent need for RNA-targeting fluorescent nanoprobes that can be used in living cells. In this study, a novel RNA-targeting, red-emissive carbon dots (M-CDs) were designed and synthesized, which showed high water solubility, fluorescence quantum yield, and selectivity for RNA. The M-CDs were successfully internalized into cells within 5 seconds and were able to image the dynamic process of intracellular stress granules under oxidative stress in real-time. This research opens up new possibilities for visualizing bulk RNA dynamics and studying phase-separation behaviors in living cells.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Frontispiece: Structurally Defined Water‐Soluble Metallofullerene Derivatives towards Biomedical Applications

Yanbang Li et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Solid-state Fluorescence from Carbon Dots Widely Tunable from Blue to Deep Red through Surface Ligand Modulation

Lin Ai et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) with color-tunable solid-state fluorescence (SSF) were obtained through surface ligand modulation, enabling emission wavelengths to be switched smoothly by altering conjugation ability. Three-dimensional printing was used to create a range of emissive objects, demonstrating the commercial potential for use in optical lamps.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances of solvent-engineered carbon dots: A review

Ziguo He et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the effects of reaction solvents on the morphology and properties of carbon dots (CDs), as well as the regulation mechanism of the dispersion solvent on the optical properties of CDs. The applications of solvent-engineered CDs in sensing, imaging, optoelectronics and photocatalysis are introduced, along with the existing problems and prospects.

CARBON (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Fluorescent carbon dots synthesis in premixed flames: Influence of the equivalence ratio

C. Russo et al.

Summary: Flame synthesis is a controllable method for producing carbon dots with tunable emission properties. The equivalence ratio plays a significant role in the production of carbon dots with different emission spectra, and it is a powerful and simple tool for large-scale synthesis.

CARBON (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Nickel-doped carbon dots with enhanced and tunable multicolor fluorescence emission for multicolor light-emitting diodes

Yunhui Wu et al.

Summary: In this study, nickel-doped carbon dots (Ni-CDs) with tunable fluorescence emission were successfully synthesized using a simple one-step solvothermal method. The introduction of Ni enhanced the fluorescence intensity and caused a redshift. By mixing Ni-CDs with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the self-quenching effect of solid-state fluorescence was effectively avoided. Based on this, high-performance green, yellow, and red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were constructed, demonstrating the potential of these carbon dots for solid-state lighting applications.

CARBON (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Photostable and printable fluorescence carbon quantum dots for advanced message encryption and specific reversible multiple sensing of Cu2+and cysteine

Hui Li et al.

Summary: In this paper, a new fluorescent ink based on N-doped and tryptophan functionalized CQDs is presented, which can be used for multiple message encryption as well as selective recognition of Cu2+ and cysteine (Cys) through fluorescence. This study provides a new perspective for the application of CQDs.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Bridging environmental and biological monitoring: Constructing platform for hexavalent chromium detection and cancer-cells screening based on red fluorescent carbonized polymer dots

Xin Wang et al.

Summary: Intensive research has led to the development of high-efficiency red fluorescent carbonized polymer dots (R-PDs) for the dual-signal detection of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). A smartphone-mediated scanometric analysis platform was constructed for rapid and low-cost detection of Cr(VI) in environmental water. R-PDs also exhibited excellent nucleolus targeting capacity, making them potential candidates for environmental monitoring, biosensing, and biomedical applications.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Synthesis and enhancement of carbon quantum dots from Mopan persimmons for Fe3+ sensing and anti-counterfeiting applications

Haotian Ma et al.

Summary: The utilization of biomass is an important approach to provide sustainable carbon sources for green chemistry. In this study, carbon quantum dots (MP-CQDs) were successfully synthesized using local fruit Mopan persimmons via the hydrothermal method. The MP-CQDs showed good structural and optical properties, with excitation-dependent behavior. They exhibited high selectivity towards Fe3+ ions and were successfully used in anti-counterfeiting applications.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Spatial effect and resonance energy transfer for the construction of carbon dots composites with long-lived multicolor afterglow for advanced anticounterfeiting

Qian Cheng et al.

Summary: In this study, carbon dots (CDs) with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) were prepared by melting boric acid with alkyl amine compounds of different lengths. The effects of spatial factors on the structure and RTP properties of CDs were investigated. Additionally, the study utilized triplet-to-singlet resonance energy transfer to achieve long-lived multicolor afterglow using intense and long-lived phosphorescence CDs as donors and short-lived fluorescent dyes as acceptors.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Green process of biomass waste derived fluorescent carbon quantum dots for biological imaging in vitro and in vivo

Haitao Ren et al.

Summary: In the context of the circular economy, biomass waste can be converted into value-added materials and energy to reduce pollution and waste disposal costs. This study developed low-cost and environmentally friendly carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from peach leaf waste, which showed excellent fluorescence properties and stability, making them a potential candidate for biological imaging.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Carbon quantum dots: Preparation, optical properties, and biomedical applications

Hai-Li Yang et al.

Summary: As an excellent fluorescent nanomaterial, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) possess various properties that make them suitable for biomedical applications. This review provides an overview of the synthesis methods, optical properties, and biomedical applications of CQDs, including detection, imaging, and drug delivery. The review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of CQDs in the biomedical sector.

MATERIALS TODAY ADVANCES (2023)

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Review Energy & Fuels

Carbon Dots in Perovskite Solar Cells: Properties, Applications, and Perspectives

Xinxin Li et al.

Summary: This review systematically summarizes the application progress and effects of carbon dots as a type of carbon nanomaterial in perovskite solar cells. It discusses their role in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells through interface modification and crystal growth. The existing problems and challenges of carbon dots in perovskite solar cells are pointed out, along with proposed solutions and future development prospects.

ENERGY & FUELS (2023)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots: Recent developments in its fluorescent sensor applications

Sathishkumar Munusamy et al.

Summary: Doped carbon dots with nitrogen have attracted great attention due to their unique characteristics and have been widely explored in various applications. This article reviews the recent breakthroughs in nitrogen-doped carbon dots for fluorescent sensor applications, including synthetic methods, fluorescent features, sensing mechanisms, and sensor applications for various targets. The potential future directions of nitrogen-doped carbon dots in primary research are also discussed.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Synthesis of fluorescent probe based on molecularly imprinted polymers on nitrogen-doped carbon dots for determination of tobramycin in milk

Yunyan Ren et al.

Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon dot-based molecularly imprinted polymers (N-CDs@MIPs) were successfully prepared for the trace analysis of tobramycin in milk. The probe showed high sensitivity and selectivity compared to other techniques and can be an alternative method for the detection of tobramycin.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Insights into the antibacterial mechanism of iron doped carbon dots

Chao Huang et al.

Summary: Antibacterial nanomaterials, such as iron-doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs), were studied to understand their antibacterial mechanisms. The results showed that Fe-CDs could accumulate iron inside bacteria, increase reactive oxygen species, disrupt antioxidant mechanisms, cause lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, and ultimately inhibit bacterial growth and lead to death. This study provides important insights into the antibacterial properties of Fe-CDs and expands their potential applications in biomedicine.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Aggregation enhanced FRET: A simple but efficient strategy for the ratiometric detection of uranyl ion

Dan Wang et al.

Summary: A rhodamine-functionalized carbon dots (o -CDs-Rho) was synthesized and used for sensing UO22+ through an aggregation-enhanced FRET strategy. The weak FRET efficiency (16.2%) of o-CDs-Rho in dispersed solution is significantly enhanced (>77.2%) after UO22+ triggered aggregation. This is the first ratiometric fluorescence sensor with an inverse change of fluorescence intensity at dual emission wavelengths under single-wavelength excitation for UO22+.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Influence of intentional phosphorus doping on Brassica juncea-derived unintentionally N, Ca-doped carbon quantum dots@bioplastic composites for applications in LED and UV-tube down-conversion

Varun Dutt Sharma et al.

Summary: A cost-effective, sustainable, and green synthesis of phosphorus-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from mustard flower extract was reported. The as-synthesized CQDs unintentionally incorporated nitrogen and calcium, while intentional phosphorus doping improved their luminescent characteristics. The quasi-circular or polygonal-shaped CQDs with an average diameter of 3.4 nm exhibited yellow-greenish fluorescence, excellent photostability, and a quantum yield of up to 18.2%. Furthermore, the use of a biodegradable bioplastic as a solid-phase dispersion matrix for CQDs was explored for down-conversion of LEDs and UV tubes.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Promising carbonized polymer dots for visually sequential sensing of Cu2+and S2

Tiantian Xu et al.

Summary: Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) are synthesized by combining lignite with polyvinylpyrrolidone, citric acid, and tryptophan, resulting in a unique core-shell structure with excellent optical stability, superior fluorescence intensity, high quantum yield, and outstanding biocompatibility. CPDs can be utilized as smart sensing systems for visual detection and absorption of Cu2+ and S2- and as fluorescent inks for information security and anti-counterfeiting. The paper-based platform and smartphone assistance enable real-time on-site quantification of Cu2+ and S2-, offering a tool for fast and accurate identification and information encryption. Additionally, CPDs have been successfully used for imaging Cu2+ and S2- in MG-63 cells, contributing to the analysis and imaging of their effects in biological processes and improving disease diagnosis and treatment.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dots with two-photon fluorescence imaging for efficient synergistic trimodal therapy

Yahui Zhang et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2023)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Natural biomass-derived carbon dots as potent antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria and their biofilms

Ziyue Wang et al.

Summary: Nitrogen and sulfur self-doped garlic carbon dots (GCDs) were synthesized and showed excellent antibacterial properties against multidrug-resistant bacteria without any toxicity to human cells.

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

A facile rapid-response and on-site sensor for tetracycline detection in environmental water based on europium-doped carbonized polymer dots

Qi Nie et al.

Summary: With the increasing concerns about public safety and environmental protection, it is important to establish a rapid and sensitive method to detect antibiotic residues in environmental samples. Fluorescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) were synthesized and used for quantitative assay of tetracycline (TC) by chelating with europium ions (Eu3+). The ratiometric fluorescence Eu/CPDs-based sensor displayed a wide detection range and high reliability, and a point-of-use device was constructed for facile determination of TC in river water samples with a short sample-to-answer analysis process in 2 min, providing a new strategy for on-site and rapid detection of antibiotics in various environmental water samples.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (2023)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Brain-targeted ginkgolide B-modified carbonized polymer dots for alleviating cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury

Mingxi Yang et al.

Summary: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide, and current treatments have shown limited efficacy due to the blood-brain barrier. This study developed red fluorescent carbonized polymer dots as nanocarriers to deliver Ginkgolide B to the brain tissue, effectively penetrating the blood-brain barrier and improving therapeutic efficacy in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. This novel nanodrug has great potential in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Evolution and fabrication of carbon dot-based room temperature phosphorescence materials

Jiurong Li et al.

Summary: Traditional room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials often have drawbacks such as high toxicity, high cost, and complicated preparation. Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a promising alternative due to their tunable emission, biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. This review highlights the progress in CD-based RTP materials, specifically focusing on their phosphorescence emission and lifetime, preparation methods, and applications. Challenges and future directions for RTP materials based on CDs are also discussed.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Interactions between fullerene derivatives and biological systems

Mark John Siringan et al.

Summary: The importance of nanoparticles in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields has increased due to their attractive surface modification, high drug-loading, and improved pharmacokinetics. Fullerenes, a carbon allotrope, have precise molecular structures, potent radical-scavenging activity, photoactivatable reactive-oxygen species generation, and the ability to confine metal atoms and clusters. They have been applied in various biological contexts, including drug delivery, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and photodynamic therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging. This review focuses on the interaction of fullerene materials with biological systems and their structural influence on cellular interactions.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Polymer-Structure-Induced Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dot Materials

Chengyu Zheng et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) are studied for their luminescent properties, particularly the room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) properties of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs). The polymer structures of CPD materials are crucial in facilitating the RTP emission by immobilizing subluminophores and protecting triplet excited states. The crosslink-enhanced emission (CEE) effect is proposed to explain the RTP emission and provides a strategy for immobilizing CPDs. CPD materials have promising applications.

SMALL STRUCTURES (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Clustered Detection of Eleven Phthalic Acid Esters by Fluorescence of Graphene Quantum Dots Displaced from Gold Nanoparticles

Hyun Jeong Lim et al.

Summary: A gold nanoparticle-quenched graphene quantum dot-based aptasensor was developed for clustered detection of 11 phthalic acid esters (PAEs). The aptasensor successfully quantified the concentration of 11 PAEs by releasing graphene quantum dots, resulting in a proportional fluorescence. The detection limit was approximately 4 pg/mL.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Recyclable Magnetic Fluorescence Sensor Based on Fe3O4 and Carbon Dots for Detection and Purification of Methcathinone in Sewage

Jiang Ling et al.

Summary: In this study, a dual functional and recyclable magnetic fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymers (MFMIPs) sensor was developed for sensitive and rapid detection and purification of methcathinone in sewage. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity, and could be used for monitoring drug prevalence and consumption in a certain region, as well as the assay of methcathinone in sewage samples. The MFMIPs sensor also showed purification ability towards methcathinone and could be recycled multiple times with the aid of an external magnetic field. This sensing system based on magnetic core and molecularly imprinted polymers has great potential for sewage analysis and purification.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Assembled Fullerene Nanostructures: Synthesis and Applications

Arun V. Baskar et al.

Summary: Functionalized fullerene nanostructures with excellent optoelectronic properties and fast charge transfer capabilities are suitable for various applications such as polymer solar cells and drug delivery. Fine control over their surface and bulk properties can be achieved through different synthesis methods and chemical modifications.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Dynamic Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Living Cells via a Two-Stage Cascade Recognition Process

Man-Sha Wu et al.

Summary: Dynamic visualization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in living cells is challenging. In this study, a two-stage cascade recognition process was developed using a fluorescent carbon dot (CD) probe to achieve the visualization of ER stress and quantification of its intensity.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Levofloxacin-based carbon dots to enhance antibacterial activities and combat antibiotic resistance

Li-Na Wu et al.

Summary: The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a pressing issue. This study synthesized levofloxacin-based carbon dots (LCDs) with enhanced antibacterial activities and low drug resistance, which exhibited effective antibacterial properties and excellent therapeutic effects in animal models, highlighting their potential application in antibacterial medicine.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Orange/red dual-emissive boron- and nitrogen-codoped carbon dots for wash-free and selective staining of lipid droplets in live cells

Cong She et al.

Summary: In this study, boron-and nitrogen-codoped carbon dots (BNCDs) were prepared using a solvent-free carbonization method. The BNCDs exhibited good biocompatibility, long-wavelength fluorescence emission, and excitation wavelength-independent fluorescence emission. They could be used for wash-free lipid droplet (LD) imaging and effectively track the dynamic changes of LDs in live animal cells. This work provides an ideal probe for nondestructively visualizing LDs and has implications for LD-related metabolism and diseases.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Array-based sensing of amyloidogenic proteins and discrimination of cancer by using different oxidants doped carbon nanodots as fluorescent probes

Qin-Ying Li et al.

Summary: A novel dual-element sensor array based on carbon nanodots (CDs) doped with different oxidants was constructed for accurate discrimination of disease-related proteins, quantification, and monitoring of fibrillation stages. The sensor array showed potential for fast screening of cancer patients and healthy individuals based on serum samples at mu L-level, demonstrating its powerful application in biomedical research and disease diagnosis.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Metal ions-doped carbon dots: Synthesis, properties, and applications

Xiangcao Li et al.

Summary: Doping with heteroatoms is an effective way to regulate the physicochemical properties of carbon dots. Metal ion doping can induce noticeable alterations in the optical, electronic, and magnetic properties of CDs, with challenges and promising applications in various fields.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Carbon dots confined in N-doped carbon as peroxidase-like nanozyme for detection of gastric cancer relevant D-amino acids

Zhe Li et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the successful use of carbon dots confined in N-doped carbon (CDs@NC) as a peroxidase-like nanozyme for colorimetric detection of D-amino acids in saliva to distinguish early gastric cancer patients from healthy individuals. The peroxidase-like activity of CDs@NC can be easily adjusted by changing the content of glucose precursors, and superoxide radical (O-2(center dot-)) may play a critical role in the catalytic reactions.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Fluorescent carbon dots crosslinked cellulose Nanofibril/Chitosan interpenetrating hydrogel system for sensitive detection and efficient adsorption of Cu (II) and Cr (VI)

Xueqi Chen et al.

Summary: A novel hydrogel material, NCDs-CNF/CSgel, was developed for the simultaneous detection and adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) in water, showing superior fluorescence response for Cr(VI) and high adsorption capacities for both heavy metal ions.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Amphiphilic Fullerene-BODIPY Photosensitizers for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy

Ezel Ozturk Gunduz et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the successful development of efficient PDT applications against cancer using nanocarriers combined with advanced chemical molecules to generate singlet oxygen and ROS, leading to significant anti-tumor effects in vitro.

CHEMMEDCHEM (2022)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Application of carbon dots and their composite materials for the detection and removal of radioactive ions: A review

Zhe Wang et al.

Summary: It is crucial to develop methods and materials for detecting and removing radioactive ions with high-heat release or long half-life. Carbon dots and their composite materials are widely used due to their plentiful raw materials, facile synthesis, functional process, unique optical property, and abundant functional groups. This review focuses on the preparation of CDs and composite materials for detecting and adsorbing radioactive ions, exploring their application in detecting uranium, iodine, europium, strontium, samarium, and more.

CHEMOSPHERE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polyetherimide functionalized carbon dots with enhanced red emission in aqueous solution for bioimaging

Liming Wang et al.

Summary: This study reports a facile strategy to enhance the red emission of carbon dots (CDs) in aqueous solution through surface modification with polyetherimide (PEI). The PEI functionalization not only protects the red emission against quenching by water molecules, but also promotes cellular uptake of CDs and exhibits better photostability compared to commercial red emissive dye. The potential applications of this strategy in cell imaging and cell fluorescent staining have been demonstrated.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Waste-to-wealth: Functional biomass carbon dots based on bee pollen waste and application

Feishi Shan et al.

Summary: This study reports the application of two biomass carbon dots prepared from bee pollen waste by one-step hydrothermal method. The carbon dots exhibit abundant functional groups, polyatomic doping, excellent water solubility, and stable photoluminescence, making them suitable for Fe3+ sensing, cell imaging, and plant growth regulation.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Synthesis and biological application of glyco- and peptide derivatives of fullerene C60

Lisa Tanzi et al.

Summary: Fullerenes have attracted considerable attention for their potential use in human therapy. This review investigates the chemical modifications of fullerene C-60 to increase its solubility and explores the effects of glycosylation and amino acids/peptides modifications on the biological activity of fullerene. Glycosylation enhances the solubility of fullerene in water and can be used for targeted delivery and disease treatment. Fullerene conjugated with sugars or amino acids/peptides can act as ligands for receptors and enzymes, potentially used in the treatment of viral and bacterial infections, as well as diseases that require new therapeutic approaches.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Carbon quantum dots for bioapplications

Dekai Yuan et al.

Summary: Carbon quantum dots, or CDots, enhance the intrinsic properties of small carbon nanoparticles through surface passivation, making them competitive with traditional semiconductor quantum dots in optical properties. They serve as high-performance fluorescence probes for bioimaging and have potent antimicrobial functions against tough pathogens and viruses under visible light conditions. Opportunities and challenges in further developing CDots and related technologies are discussed.

EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A review on sustainable synthetic approaches toward photoluminescent quantum dots

Weiqiang Yang et al.

Summary: This review systematically summarizes the green synthesis approaches for various classes of QDs, including carbon-based dots, binary QDs, and multi-component QDs, with a focus on bottom-up methods utilizing biomass materials, green solvents, and biological organism design.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High-efficient and pH-sensitive orange luminescence from silicon-doped carbon dots for information encryption and bio-imaging

Zishan Sun et al.

Summary: In this study, silicon-doped orange-emitting carbon dots were successfully synthesized and showed potential applications in bio-imaging, fluorescent ink, etc.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Near-infrared-II photothermal ultra-small carbon dots promoting anticancer efficiency by enhancing tumor penetration

Yu Han et al.

Summary: Improving the deep penetration of drugs in tumor sites is crucial for enhancing the therapeutic effect of tumors due to the unique tumor microenvironment. This study developed ultra-small permeable carbon dots (PCD) that can penetrate deep into tumor tissue without modification using near-infrared-II (NIR-II) window photothermal irradiation and exhibited good biocompatibility. The PCD showed multi-color fluorescence under visible light and photoacoustic signals under excitation, allowing for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging for localization and distribution both in vitro and in vivo.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Engineering, Environmental

Recent advances in synthesis and modification of carbon dots for optical sensing of pesticides

Xin Zhang et al.

Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of using carbon dots (CDs) for pesticide monitoring, including their synthesis and modification methods, and recent advances in CDs-based optical sensors for pesticide detection over the past five years. It highlights the integration of various recognition elements and design principles in photoluminescent, electrochemiluminescent, and colorimetric sensors, as well as the novel functions of CDs in constructing optical sensors. Additionally, it discusses the real-world application performances, existing inadequacies, challenges, and future perspectives for pesticide monitoring using CDs-based sensing strategies.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Design and synthesis of poly-L-lysine-functionalized graphene quantum dots sensor for specific detection of cysteine and homocysteine

Zamir G. Khan et al.

Summary: A novel PLL surface functionalized GQDs sensor was developed in this study for detection of cys and hcys, showing good selectivity and sensitivity. The probe also demonstrated excellent penetration into cell cytoplasm and nucleus for cellular level detection. Successful detection of cys and hcys in human serum sample was achieved, indicating a promising future for selective and sensitive estimation of these biothiols.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Fluorescence immunoassay rapid detection of 2019-nCoV antibody based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between graphene quantum dots and Ag@Au nanoparticle

Nan Li et al.

Summary: A fluorescence immunoassay was developed to detect 2019 Novel Coronavirus antibodies, which showed good sensitivity and selectivity, providing a complementary diagnostic tool for COVID-19.

MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

A multifunctional chemical toolbox to engineer carbon dots for biomedical and energy applications

Luka Dordevic et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the importance of photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles, or carbon dots, for biomedical and energy applications. These nanomaterials exhibit tunable light emission, dispersibility, and low toxicity, making them highly attractive for various purposes. The review discusses how chemical tools can impact the properties of carbon dots and presents synthetic strategies for functionalizing these nanomaterials. Examples are provided to illustrate the correlation between structure, composition, and function, offering insights into the future development of carbon dots.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Red emission nitrogen and zinc co-doped carbon dots as fluorescent sensor for reversible detection of peroxynitrite in living cells

Meng-Jie Fu et al.

Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of aerobic metabolism, playing important roles in physiological processes with concentration-dependent effects. Monitoring ROS reversibly and dynamically is of great significance, but only a few nanosensors have achieved this, with shorter fluorescence wavelengths. In this study, we developed N,Zn co-doped CDs (NZnCDs) with red fluorescence for selective and reversible detection of ONOO-. The NZnCDs respond to ONOO- in a linear manner in the range of 2-40 μM, and can be efficiently recovered by GSH.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

A benzophenoxazine-dyad as cancer indicator using for fluorescence-guided phototherapy

Tao Xiong et al.

Summary: This study designed a novel photosensitizer NBS-NBSe, which effectively guides the light source for fluorescence-guided phototherapy by regulating its fluorescence through the DCQ method, improving the therapeutic effect. NBS-NBSe showed excellent therapeutic efficacy towards tumor cells under low light dose, indicating its potential importance in cancer treatment.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhancing the Electron Transport, Quantum Yield, and Catalytic Performance of Carbonized Polymer Dots via Mn-O Bridges

Jie Huang et al.

Summary: In this study, Mn2+-ion-doped carbonized polymer dots (Mn-CPDs) were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. It was found that Mn2+ ions enhance the fluorescent properties and catalytic performance of CPDs by forming Mn-O bonds. Additionally, Mn-O bonds accelerate electron flow and enhance electron transport in the Mn-CPDs.

SMALL (2022)

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Article Spectroscopy

Determination of lamotrigine by fluorescence quenching of N-doped graphene quantum dots after its solid-phase extraction using magnetic graphene oxide

Elham Bazrafshan et al.

Summary: A sensitive fluorescent nanoprobe based on nitrogen graphene quantum dots is developed for the determination of lamotrigine after preconcentration by magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite. The method shows linear relationship between the quenching fluorescent intensity of nitrogen graphene quantum dots and lamotrigine concentration, with successful application in the extraction and quantification of lamotrigine in biological samples.

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (2022)

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Article Spectroscopy

Switchable two-color graphene quantum dot as a promising fluorescence probe to highly sensitive pH detection and bioimaging

Li Ruiyi et al.

Summary: Graphene quantum dots are a promising material used in various fields such as biosensing, fluorescence imaging, biomedicine, and environmental monitoring. This study presents a synthesis method for producing polychromatic graphene quantum dots with high luminous efficiency. The synthesized graphene quantum dots exhibit switchable two-color luminescence and sensitivity to environmental pH value.

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Interfacial-confined coordination to single-atom nanotherapeutics

Limei Qin et al.

Summary: Developing effective methodologies to construct highly active catalytic sites for material engineering is attractive. A novel interfacial-confined coordination strategy was proposed to anchor Fe single atoms on defective carbon dots in a biocompatible mesoporous silica nanoreactor, showing efficient energy conversion capability under physical and biochemical stimuli. The highest photothermal conversion efficiency is proposed by theoretical DFT calculations, providing a scientific paradigm for versatile single atom nanotherapeutics for tumor therapy.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Two-photon excitable membrane targeting polyphenolic carbon dots for long-term imaging and pH-responsive chemotherapeutic drug delivery for synergistic tumor therapy

Sayan Deb Dutta et al.

Summary: In this study, highly fluorescent polyphenolic carbon quantum dots were developed for targeted cell imaging and drug delivery for synergistic tumor therapy. The nanocarrier exhibited excellent properties and showed promising results in in vivo studies.

BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Harnessing versatile dynamic carbon precursors for multi-color emissive carbon dots

Zitong Wei et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) are a relatively new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with excellent biocompatibility, controllable photoluminescence, high quantum yield (QY), and unique electronic and physicochemical properties, making them superior to carbon allotropes in various fields.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

A rational design of carbon dots via the combination of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups towards the first NIR window absorption

Reza Umami et al.

Summary: By combining nitrogen and oxygen surface functional groups, carbon dots (CDs) with a first near infrared (NIR) window absorption were successfully synthesized. The study showed that the carbonyl group (C = O) and N-pyrrolic configuration in CDs effectively down-shifted the energy gaps and provided excited electrons for absorption.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Tryptophan-sorbitol based carbon quantum dots for theranostics against hepatocellular carcinoma

Yang Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, bio-friendly carbon quantum dots (TC-WS-CQDs) were synthesized and found to target hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to significant tumor inhibition through autophagy pathway. This study highlights a promising nanotheranostic strategy for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Carbon dots hybrid for dual fluorescent detection of microRNA-21 integrated bioimaging of MCF-7 using a microfluidic platform

Somayeh Mohammadi et al.

Summary: A strategy for constructing a dual-emission fluorescent sensor using carbon dots was reported for ratiometric microRNA-21 sensing and bioimaging of cancer cells. The sensor showed a wide linear range and low detection limit, demonstrating potential for clinical diagnosis. Additionally, the sensor successfully detected microRNA-21 in diluted human serum samples and MCF-7 cell lines, showcasing its versatility in potential clinical applications.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Dots with an Emission in the Near Infrared Produced from Organic Dyes in Porous Silica Microsphere Templates

Evgeniia A. Stepanidenko et al.

Summary: In this study, carbon dots (CDs) with emission in the near infrared spectral region were successfully synthesized using a template-assisted method. The emission of the CDs was found to be related to their core optical transitions and dye-derivatives. By varying the annealing temperature, different types of optical centers were formed. The synthesized CDs exhibited an emission peak at 1085 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 0.2%, which is the highest reported value for CDs emitting at wavelengths longer than 1050 nm.

NANOMATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Intracellular Thermal Probing Using Aggregated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Tianli Wu et al.

Summary: Intracellular thermometry using fluorescent nanodiamond microspheres as temperature probes, aggregated through optical forces and exhibiting electromagnetic resonance enhancement, enables precise positioning and temperature measurement within living cells. This approach offers potential applications for high-precision and flexible single-cell analysis.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Dual-Emissive Near-Infrared Carbon Dot-Based Ratiometric Fluorescence Sensor for Lysozyme

Wan Ji et al.

Summary: In this study, multifunctional dual-emissive near-infrared carbon dots (dNIR-CDs) with intense NIR excitation/emission were synthesized and used to construct a ratiometric nanosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of lysozyme (LYZ). The developed nanosensor exhibited a wide linear response and a reproducible detection limit for LYZ, and it has the potential for trace-level detection in complicated human urine samples and high throughput cell imaging.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Mechanisms for carbon dots-based chemosensing, biosensing, and bioimaging: A review

Jingyu Hu et al.

Summary: This review provides an overview of both conventional and emerging mechanisms used in carbon dot (CD) based fluorescent probe designs. It discusses the applications of CDs in chemosensing, biosensing, and bioimaging, and also discusses several other mechanisms that have potential but have not been widely applied in CD-based sensing systems.

ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Modulating the Carbonization Degree of Carbon Dots for Multicolor Afterglow Emission

Yancong Liu et al.

Summary: In this study, the afterglow emission of CDs@SiO2 composites was modulated by controlling the carbonization degree of CDs through different calcining temperatures. The changes in carbonization degree of CD structures led to alterations in energy levels and long-lived excited states (LEST), thus affecting the afterglow luminescence behaviors of the composites.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

A Yellow Fluorescence Probe for the Detection of Oxidized Glutathione and Biological Imaging

Juan Yue et al.

Summary: The yellow fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) for detecting GSSG through a fluorescence off-on process show linear correlation with GSSG concentration and a detection limit of 0.18mu M. Additionally, the CDs can also be used for fluorescence imaging in living cells and zebrafish.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Template-Free Synthesis of Porous Fluorescent Carbon Nanomaterials with Gluten for Intracellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

Yalan Xu et al.

Summary: A variety of carbon nanomaterials were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of gluten, including carbon dots, carbon nanorings, and porous carbon nanoballs. Among them, the carbon nanorings exhibited bright luminescence and had a large surface area and low toxicity, making them suitable for drug delivery. The loaded chemotherapeutic drug showed pH-dependent release behavior and induced higher levels of apoptosis.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Single-layered graphene quantum dots with self-passivated layer from xylan for visual detection of trace chromium(Vl)

Jihai Cai et al.

Summary: Single-layer graphene quantum dots were successfully prepared from nonaromatic xylan under hydrothermal conditions. The synthesized GQDs showed high fluorescence quantum yield and good selectivity and sensitivity towards Cr(VI).

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hydrothermal Synthesis of High-Yield Red Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Ultra-Narrow Emission by Controlled O/N Elements

Yingmei Xian et al.

Summary: Red fluorescent carbon dots with narrow dual emissions were prepared by hydrothermal method and showed aggregation-induced emission. The relationship between the emission wavelength and concentration was found to be logarithmic. The study also revealed the importance of highly ordered structures in achieving AIE and high monochromaticity.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Dots as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Anemia

Yuanlin Xu et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new type of carbon dots, J-CDs, derived from jujube, that specifically promote the proliferation of erythroid cells without affecting tumor proliferation and metastasis. These novel carbon dots may be promising agents for the treatment of cancer-related anemia.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mulberry-Leaves-Derived Red-Emissive Carbon Dots for Feeding Silkworms to Produce Brightly Fluorescent Silk

Jun Liu et al.

Summary: Fluorescent silk with promising applications in various fields has been developed using carbon dots made from mulberry leaves. Silkworms fed with these carbon dots exhibit bright red fluorescence and grow healthily, ultimately producing cocoons and turning into moths that lay fluorescent eggs. The carbon dots have excellent biocompatibility and fluorescence stability.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A ratiometric fluorescent probe based on carbon dots assembly for intracellular lysosomal polarity imaging with wide range response

Guangyue Zou et al.

Summary: In this study, a ratiometric fluorescent probe was designed and constructed for intracellular lysosomal polarity imaging. The probe exhibited a wider linear range of polarity response and effectively eliminated the interference of uneven distribution and instrument factors. The imaging observations of intracellular lysosomal polarity variation were demonstrated.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advances, opportunities, and challenge for full-color emissive carbon dots

Xin Yang et al.

Summary: This article provides a detailed overview of the development of full-color emission carbon dots (CDs), presenting a suitable method for preparing them and summarizing their fluorescence mechanism. It also comprehensively introduces the applications of full-color emission CDs in biology and optoelectronics, while offering an outlook on their future development and potential applications.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly sensitive, selective, and reusable nanofibrous membrane-based carbon polymer dots sensors for detection of Cr(VI) in water

Yuan Yu et al.

Summary: In this study, novel nanofibrous membrane sensors were fabricated by incorporating core-shell structured fluorescent carbon polymer dots onto PVA-co-PE nanofibers, for the detection of trace heavy metal ions in drinking water. The sensor system demonstrated instant detection, low cost, environmental-friendliness, and high sensitivity to quantify Cr(VI) in drinking water, showing great potential for on-site detection of Cr(VI).

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Biophysics

One-step synthesis of ultrabright amphiphilic carbon dots for rapid and precise tracking lipid droplets dynamics in biosystems

Dong Gao et al.

Summary: We report a highly efficient carbon dot that enables rapid and wash-free labeling of lipid droplets in complex systems, with great potential for various applications.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Applied

Recent advances in the hybridization of cellulose and carbon nanomaterials: Interactions, structural design, functional tailoring, and applications

Guozheng Yang et al.

Summary: This review presents the recent advances and applications of cellulose/CNM hybrid materials, focusing on the interactions between cellulose and CNMs, the structural and functional tailoring of the hybrid materials, and their abundant applications in various fields.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Tunable full-color solid-state fluorescent carbon dots for light emitting diodes

Junli Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, self-quenching resistant solid-state fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) were successfully prepared via a one-step microwave method. The CDs exhibited tunable full-color solid-state emission and were utilized in the fabrication of white light emitting diodes (LEDs) with adjustable correlated color temperature and high color rendering index.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Phenylenediamine-derived near infrared carbon dots: The kilogram-scale preparation, formation process, photoluminescence tuning mechanism and application as red phosphors

Chunyu Ji et al.

Summary: This study reported the kilogram-scale preparation of near infrared carbon dots from o-phenylenediamine with high yield and low cost. The formation process and structural model of the carbon dots were elucidated, and their optical properties were reversibly tuned through a protonation-deprotonation process. The as prepared carbon dots showed potential as cheap and readily available phosphors for red LEDs.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Exploring molecular moieties on carbonized polymer dots from flavonoid glycosides with activity against enterovirus A71

Chin-Jung Lin et al.

Summary: This study synthesized carbonized polymer dots from hesperetin and hesperidin and compared their antiviral activities with their raw precursors. The results showed that the carbonized polymer dots exhibited better antiviral effects and could inhibit viral attachment. Furthermore, the dots exerted multiple mechanisms to suppress viral replication and translation and significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms and death rates associated with the infection in mice.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Ferrocene-functionalized core-shell lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles: NIR light promoted chemodynamic therapy and luminescence imaging of solid tumors

Tong Zhou et al.

Summary: In this study, core-shell nanoparticles were successfully prepared with three intense upconversion emissions, one of which can activate photo-Fenton reaction to induce cancer cell apoptosis, while the other two are suitable for upconversion luminescence imaging. By loading a specific substance and encapsulating it in liposomes, this nano system achieves near-infrared promoted cytotoxicity and biological upconversion luminescence imaging.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Avocado seeds derived carbon dots for highly sensitive Cu (II)/Cr (VI) detection and copper (II) removal via flocculation

J. Mejia Avila et al.

Summary: Sustainable, scalable, and green carbon dots derived from avocado seeds were used as fluorescent nanoprobes for the detection of heavy metal ions. The carbonization temperature affected the size, crystallinity, and sensitivity of the carbon dots towards Cu2+ and Cr6+ ions.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Multifunctional chitosan non-woven fabrics modified with terylene carbon dots for selective detection and efficient adsorption of Cr(VI)

Tianwu Hu et al.

Summary: A novel terylene carbon dots were synthesized and modified onto chitosan non-woven fabrics for selective detection and removal of Cr(VI). The modified fabrics exhibited higher selectivity and lower detection limit, and maintained a high removal rate even after multiple recirculations. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir model with a high fitting correlation.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Carbon Dots as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Antimicrobial Applications: A Minireview

Zi-Xi Wang et al.

Summary: This review mainly discusses the applications of antimicrobial agent-loaded carbon dots in various antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral applications, and introduces their advantages and potential application prospects.

CHEMMEDCHEM (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dot-based fluorescent and colorimetric sensor for sensitive and selective visual detection of benzoyl peroxide

Xiangcao Li et al.

Summary: In this study, a carbon dot-based fluorescent and colorimetric probe was developed for the visual, sensitive, and selective detection of benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The probe showed a short response time and high sensitivity, and demonstrated good applicability in wheat, noodle, and starch samples.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Small nanoparticles bring big prospect: The synthesis, modification, photoluminescence and sensing applications of carbon dots

Pengli Gao et al.

Summary: This review introduces carbon dots as a new type of carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials with great potential in sensing. The preparation methods and strategies to modulate the photoluminescence properties of carbon dots from different starting materials are described. The optical properties and photoluminescence mechanisms of carbon dots are outlined. The research progress of carbon dots in sensing environmental pollutants, bioactive substances, bacteria, and viruses via different mechanisms is summarized. Additionally, the future development trends and prospects for carbon dots-based nanosensors are envisioned.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots with bright fluorescence for intracellular detection of iron ion and thiol

Xiao-Yang Zhang et al.

Summary: In this study, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped luminescent carbon dots (CDs) were successfully synthesized. The CDs exhibited high quantum yield and bright green fluorescence. The reaction mechanism of CDs and Fe3+ was discovered, and the fluorescence recovery mechanism was also investigated, which will expand the application of CDs in biosensing and imaging fields.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Carbon dots as nanocatalytic medicine for anti-inflammation therapy

Bo Kong et al.

Summary: In this study, biocompatible metal-free carbon dots were prepared using a hydrothermal method. These carbon dots exhibited peroxidase-like, catalase-like, and superoxide dismutase-like activities. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the potential of these carbon dots in efficiently scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing inflammation.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Nitrogen-Doped and Surface Functionalized CDs: Fluorescent Probe for Cellular Imaging and Environmental Sensing of ClO-

Tiantian Xu et al.

Summary: A novel nitrogen doped and surface functionalized fluorescent CDs (T1) with excellent properties such as good solubility, narrow size distribution, resistance to photobleaching, and excitation-dependent behavior, were synthesized through a one-step and green hydrothermal method. T1 showed promising potential as a sensing platform for sensitive and accurate detection of ClO- in a fluorescence on-off process. Moreover, its good biocompatibility and photostability made it suitable for bioimaging applications and monitoring of exogenous ClO- in cells, as well as for the analysis of free residual chlorine in environmental samples using a filter paper sensor.

JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Cadmium induced aggregation of orange-red emissive carbon dots with enhanced fluorescence for intracellular imaging

Yalan Xu et al.

Summary: This article introduces a method for detecting cadmium ions using orange-red emissive carbon dots as a fluorescence probe. The study found that the orange-red emissive carbon dots can specifically bind with cadmium ions, leading to aggregation induced enhanced emission with high sensitivity. This method can be used for intracellular cadmium ion imaging and has the potential to alleviate cadmium poison in living organisms.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

One-step hydrothermal synthesis of carbon nano onions anchored on graphene sheets for potential use in electrochemical energy storage

Atekeh Sadat Ghaemaghami Najafi et al.

Summary: In this study, well-graphitized carbon nano onions anchored on graphene sheets were synthesized using a simple and environmentally-friendly method. The resulting composite exhibited good ionic transfer capability and high-energy storage performances due to its unique architecture.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Ethanol-derived white emissive carbon dots: the formation process investigation and multi-color/white LEDs preparation

Boyang Wang et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) have been synthesized using ethanol as a carbon source, composed of blue-, cyan-, and yellow-emitting CDs which fluoresce at corresponding wavelengths. The red-shift in emission peaks is attributed to increased carbonization in polymer structure, leading to different surface states. Theoretically verified results have successfully been used in developing multi-color and white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface-state triggered solvatochromism of carbonized polymer dot and its two-photon luminescence

Zepeng Huo et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dot (CPD)-based solvatochromic probe and explores its color-changing behavior in different solvents. The nitrogen doping in CPD significantly impacts its photophysical properties, leading to tunable solid-state luminescent films. The study provides insights into surface-state controlled luminescence in CPDs and can contribute to the development of new carbon-based nanoprobes.

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Safety evaluation of nanodiamond-doxorubicin complexes in a Naive Beagle canine model using hematologic, histological, and urine analysis

Liping Wang et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the safety of nanodiamonds (ND) as a drug-delivery platform in Naive Beagle dogs, showing that the ND drug delivery platform significantly reduces doxorubicin (DOX) toxicity in the Naive Beagle dog model.

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A fluorescence sensor probe based on porous carbon, molecularly imprinted polymer and graphene quantum dots for the detection of trace sulfadimethoxine

Angkana Pongprom et al.

Summary: A hierarchical composite nanoprobe was developed for the detection of sulfadimethoxine, showing both specificity and sensitivity in quantitative analysis. The probe effectively recognized and measured the presence of sulfadimethoxine, with high recovery rates and low variability. This nano-optosensor demonstrated improved sensitivity compared to traditional methods, offering a cost-effective and convenient solution for detection purposes.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A comprehensive understanding on the roles of carbon dots in metallated graphyne based catalyst for photoinduced H2O2 production

Yajie Zhao et al.

Summary: Photocatalysis is a sustainable method for H2O2 production, and carbon dots have excellent photoelectric features. However, the understanding of their functions is incomplete. In this study, a CDs/HgL1 composite catalyst was constructed to investigate the functions of CDs and improve H2O2 production. The effects of CDs on HgL1 include accelerating electron-hole separation and migration, improving redox activity, and changing the surface state.

NANO TODAY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Citric acid-derived carbon dots as excellent cysteine oxidase mimics for cysteine sensing

Zhen Lin et al.

Summary: In this study, carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized using citric acid as a carbon source, resulting in undoped CDs with mimic enzyme activity. The synthesized CDs showed excellent cysteine oxidase-mimicking activity and were used to construct a fluorescent sensor for the detection of cysteine. This research expands the field of undoped carbon dots in the nanozyme application and provides a research foundation for the synthesis and design of carbon-based nanozymes.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

A specific discriminating GSH from Cys/Hcy fluorescence nanosensor: The carbon dots-MnO2 nanocomposites

Dong Wang et al.

Summary: A novel nanosensor was developed for discriminating GSH from Cys/Hcy based on a two-stage fluorescent switch. The sensor showed high sensitivity and specificity, making it a promising tool for biological and clinical applications.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Article Spectroscopy

Dual-QDs ratios fluorescent probe for sensitive and stable detection of insulin

Guanggui Yu et al.

Summary: In this study, a dual quantum dot ratio fluorescence probe was synthesized for efficient insulin determination. The probe exhibited low detection limit and rapid response time, with high stability and consistency in detecting insulin in biological samples, showing great potential for clinical diagnosis and other applications.

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (2022)

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Article Spectroscopy

Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as fluorescent nanosensor for selective determination and cellular imaging of ClO-

Zheng Yang et al.

Summary: In this study, a water-soluble and highly fluorescent nanosensor based on N-doped carbon quantum dots (CDs) was successfully fabricated for selective sensing of hypochlorite. The nanosensor showed high stability under various interferences and exhibited significant selectivity towards ClO-. It could detect ClO- concentration in the range of 0.1-50 μmol.L-1 with a sensitivity of 0.03 μmol.L-1. Additionally, the nanosensor could be applied for determination of ClO- in environmental water and visualizing ClO- in living cells.

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (2022)

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Article Toxicology

In vivo toxicity assessment of four types of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using mRNA sequencing

Shun Deng et al.

Summary: This study examines the effects of different types of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) on zebrafish embryos and finds that they share common signaling pathways, with the aminated GQDs (A-GQDs) having specific toxicity on the hemostatic system.

TOXICOLOGY LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly Photostable Carbon Dots from Citric Acid for Bioimaging

Federico Fiori et al.

Summary: This study synthesized two carbon dots and tested their cellular uptake and bioimaging performance in vitro. The results showed that these carbon dots are highly biocompatible, exhibit high photostability, and can effectively be taken up by cells for bioimaging purposes.

MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Multimodal bioimaging using nanodiamond and gold hybrid nanoparticles

Yu-Chung Lin et al.

Summary: Hybrid core-shell nanodiamond-gold nanoparticles with tunable and tailored properties have been synthesized, providing new options for optical labeling, imaging, sensing, drug delivery, and targeted treatment in biomedical applications. The combination of nanostructured gold and nanodiamond properties offers various bioimaging modalities and potential theranostic functionalities.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A Smart Near-Infrared Carbon Dot-Metal Organic Framework Assemblies for Tumor Microenvironment-Activated Cancer Imaging and Chemodynamic-Photothermal Combined Therapy

Yulong Bai et al.

Summary: The study presents a method for achieving tumor microenvironment-activated cancer imaging and chemodynamic-photothermal combined therapy using smart near-infrared carbon dot-metal organic framework assemblies. This approach allows for efficient synergistic chemodynamic-photothermal dual mode therapy under fluorescence imaging guidance with TME response.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Optics

Revealing the nature of optical activity in carbon dots produced from different chiral precursor molecules

Ananya Das et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are promising nanoparticles for biology and medicine applications due to their easy fabrication, biocompatibility, and attractive optical properties. The researchers successfully synthesized chiral carbon dots using a one-step hydrothermal method, which exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yields, chiral optical signals, and stable optical characteristics. These chiral carbon dots have potential for various bio-applications.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Editorial Material Optics

An innovative way to modulate the photoluminescence of carbonized polymer dots

Pengfei Li et al.

Summary: Cross-linking improves the photoluminescence quantum yield of carbonized polymer dots by promoting energy level overlap, shifting emission wavelength to the red and facilitating phosphorescence generation.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Article Optics

Confined-domain crosslink-enhanced emission effect in carbonized polymer dots

Songyuan Tao et al.

Summary: In this study, the confined-domain crosslink-enhanced emission (CEE) effect in carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) was investigated, providing insights into the structure and luminescence properties of CPDs. The findings are of general significance for the further development of CPDs with tailored properties.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Article Optics

Enabling robust and hour-level organic long persistent luminescence from carbon dots by covalent fixation

Kai Jiang et al.

Summary: The first organic long persistent luminescence (OLPL) system based on carbon dots (CDs) with a duration of over 1 hour has been developed. The CDs-based system, named m-CDs@CA, can be easily fabricated using a household microwave oven and exhibits long persistent luminescence under ambient conditions and even in aqueous media. The successful composition of CDs and CA, the formation of exciplexes and long-lived charged-separated states were confirmed by various characterizations. Covalent bond formation between CA and CDs was found to play a key role in activating long persistent luminescence and preventing its quenching from oxygen and water. This work provides new insights for the development of rare-earth-free and robust OLPL materials.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Review Optics

Chiral carbon dots: synthesis, optical properties, and emerging applications

Aaron Doring et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are luminescent carbonaceous nanoparticles with chiral properties, making them particularly interesting for biomedical applications due to their low cytotoxicity and facile synthesis. Recent efforts have led to the creation of chiral carbon dots with attractive optical properties such as two-photon absorption and circularly polarized light emission. The review covers examples of molecular chirality, characterization using chiroptical spectroscopy, methods to induce chirality in nanomaterials, fabrication techniques for chiral carbon dots, their morphology and optical properties, as well as emerging applications in sensing, bioimaging, and catalysis.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Editorial Material Optics

Ultralong persistent luminescence from carbon dots

Seunghyup Yoo et al.

Summary: Hour-level persistent luminescence is achieved by embedding carbon dots in cyanuric acid, which is easily obtained by microwave-assisted heating of carbon dots and urea. The proposed composition forms donor-acceptor blends, resulting in intermediate states with long lifetimes and providing a rare-earth-metal-free approach to ultralong persistent luminescence.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Toward Strong Near-Infrared Absorption/Emission from Carbon Dots in Aqueous Media through Solvothermal Fusion of Large Conjugated Perylene Derivatives with Post-Surface Engineering

Yupeng Liu et al.

Summary: This study successfully fabricated carbon dots (CDs) with dominant near-infrared (NIR) absorption/emission peaks in aqueous solution and enhanced their photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) through surface engineering. Compared to commercial NIR dyes, these modified CDs exhibit improved photostability and lower cost, and they also demonstrate advantages in in vivo bioimaging.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

High Quantum Yield Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot-Based Fluorescent Probes for Selective Sensing of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene

Omer Kaan Koc et al.

Summary: A nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot-based fluorometric probe was developed for the selective determination of TNT, which showed high quantum yield and excellent quenching effect. The study also demonstrated the potential use of N-CQDs in environmental sensor applications and developed two support materials for on-site detection.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational hydrothermal synthesis of graphene quantum dots with optimized luminescent properties for sensing applications

M. H. M. Facure et al.

Summary: This study investigates the synthesis conditions of luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using hydrothermal synthesis with graphene oxide as a precursor. By adjusting the concentration, temperature, and pH of the synthesis, the quantum yield (QY) of GQDs can be optimized for better control of their luminescent properties. The findings show that the synthesis parameters play a crucial role in tailoring the surface functionalities of GQDs, which can influence their luminescent properties. This research provides insights into the rational production of GQDs with tailored properties and sheds light on the mechanism of GQDs-based optical sensors.

MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Solvent-free synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon dots with dual emission and their biological and sensing applications

Waheed Ullah Khan et al.

Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon dots with dual emission were successfully synthesized by a simple annealing method. These dual emissive carbon dots have drawn increasing attention in biology and medicine due to their low toxicity, high biocompatibility, and temperature sensitivity, making them potential candidates for cell imaging and in vivo imaging.

MATERIALS TODAY NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Endoplasmic reticulum-targeted polymer dots encapsulated with ultrasonic synthesized near-infrared carbon nanodots and their application for in vivo monitoring of Cu2+

Hong Huang et al.

Summary: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a crucial role in eukaryotic cells and its dysfunction can lead to serious diseases. Developing a selective and sensitive nanosensor for monitoring Cu2+ in the ER is of great importance. This study presents a near infrared (NIR) nanosensor that targets the ER and allows for the quantification and visualization of Cu2+ in biological systems.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Optics

The effect of microwave power level and post-synthesis annealing treatment on oxygen-based functional groups present on carbon quantum dots

Basim Al Farsi et al.

Summary: This study aims to investigate the optical properties and luminescent mechanisms of carbon quantum dots (CDOTs), and understand the ways to control their emission characteristics. CDOTs were synthesized using microwave-assisted synthesis techniques, and it was found that increasing microwave power levels can enhance the density of functional groups on the surface of CDOTs, which positively affects the photoluminescence (PL). However, annealing at high temperatures decreases the concentration of functional groups and reduces the PL intensity.

JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Photoluminescence of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers by Ultraviolet One- and Two-Photon Excitation of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Teng- Yang et al.

Summary: The study reveals that fluorescent nanodiamonds emit red fluorescence when exposed to specific wavelength lasers. At low power, the emission is mainly due to excitation of electrons from the valence band of diamond to the NV0 centers, while at high power, nonresonant two-photon interband excitation dominates.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Fluorescent nanodiamond for nanotheranostic applications

Goutam Pramanik et al.

Summary: The interest in utilizing nanodiamonds as nanotheranostics has been growing rapidly due to their unique properties, such as high refractive index, low toxicity, inertness, and magneto-optical properties. Current research focuses on the combination of diagnostics/imaging and therapy using nanodiamonds, with an emphasis on surface engineering for bioactive interactions. Customized nanodiamonds with diagnostic and therapeutic features hold great potential for advancing personalized medicine.

MICROCHIMICA ACTA (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Graphene quantum dots via ion modification for improving photoluminescence stability in aqueous solution with heavy metal ions

Juan Yang et al.

Summary: In this study, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) modified by scandium ions (Sc3+) were prepared to improve their photoluminescence (PL) properties in aqueous solution containing heavy metal ions. It was found that GQDs modified by other metal ions, such as aluminum (Al3+) and gallium (Ga3+), also exhibited similar results, confirming the universality of this approach.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Formation mechanism of carbon dots: From chemical structures to fluorescent behaviors

Lei Cao et al.

Summary: This study investigates the fluorescence mechanism and formation processes of carbon dots synthesized from o-phenylenediamine. The study confirms the presence of two molecular fluorophores and proposes that the formation processes of these carbon dots are similar to carbonized polymer dots. The study provides insights into the yellow-emissive fluorophores region and can serve as a potential reference for the preparation of carbon dots in similar systems.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

NIR-emitting carbon dots for discriminative imaging and photo-inactivation of pathogenic bacteria

Weijian Liu et al.

Summary: By synthesizing real near-infrared emitting carbon dots Cy7-CDs, the rapid identification of bacterial species and monitoring of bacterial viability can be achieved, which holds great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Engineering of graphene quantum dots by varying the properties of graphene oxide for fluorescence detection of picric acid

Debarati Mukherjee et al.

Summary: This study examines the effect of different forms of graphene oxide on the synthesis of graphene quantum dots, and finds that optimization of the substrate can lead to the development of a non-toxic and cost-effective picric acid sensor.

CHEMOSPHERE (2022)

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Article Biophysics

Nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots activated by alkalinity of arginine for multicolor multi-platform sensor

Yuran Tang et al.

Summary: This study successfully prepared amino-modified nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots (SA-NCPDs) using arginine as an activator, which exhibited excellent biocompatibility and stability, and displayed multicolor emission in various solvents. Furthermore, a highly selective multi-platform sensor was constructed based on SA-NCPDs for detecting Cu2+, H2O2, and OPD.

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES (2022)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Temperature Dependence of the Fano Resonance in Nanodiamonds Synthesized at High Static Pressures

A. A. Shiryaev et al.

Summary: The temperature dependence of Fano resonance in nanodiamonds synthesized from chloroadamantane at high static pressures is investigated. Significant variations of resonance parameters are observed for the first time. The shape of Fano resonance changes considerably upon heating and completely disappears above 350 degrees C, but is recovered after cooling.

JETP LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Amine functionalized carbon quantum dots from paper precursors for selective binding and fluorescent labelling applications

Varsha Lisa John et al.

Summary: This study reports a novel synthesis route for preparing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with customized surface functionality. By chemically modifying paper precursors and tethering amine groups on the paper substrates, CQDs with amine functional groups on the surface can be synthesized. The amine functionalization on the surface of CQDs enables their applications in DNA binding, suggesting their potential as efficient biological probes.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Mechanisms behind multicolor tunable Near-Infrared triple emission in graphene quantum dots and ratio fluorescent probe for water detection

Siyuan Tang et al.

Summary: This study developed an environmentally friendly and low-cost strategy for synthesizing red-emission graphene quantum dots (R-GQDs) and successfully prepared R-GQDs with triple fluorescence emissions. By adjusting the polarity of surrounding solvents, multicolor light emissions are achieved, and multicolor solid fluorescent powder and ink are prepared, showing great potential for various applications.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sensitive detection of levofloxacin and copper (II) based on fluorescence ?turn on-off? of biomass carbonized polymer dots

Jiasheng Lin et al.

Summary: A novel type of biomass carbonized polymer dots (CS-CPDs) with green fluorescence emission were synthesized via a one-step microwave-assisted method. These CS-CPDs exhibited selective enhancement and restoration of fluorescence, and were successfully utilized for the continuous detection of levofloxacin and copper ions.

JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering Electro- and Photocatalytic Carbon Materials for CO2 Reduction by Formate Dehydrogenase

Vivek M. Badiani et al.

Summary: Semiartificial approaches integrating enzymes with synthetic materials can efficiently produce renewable fuels. Positive-charged carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were found to effectively immobilize the CO2 reductase, achieving efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction. Furthermore, coupling the enzyme with positive-charged amorphous carbon dots (a-CDs) resulted in high rates of photocatalytic CO2 reduction.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Preparation of Fluorescent Carbon Dots Composites and Their Potential Applications in Biomedicine and Drug Delivery-A Review

Yaru Chai et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs), a new member of carbon nanostructures, have good fluorescence phosphorescence and excellent physical and chemical properties. They are being applied in medical research for cancer treatment and genetic diagnosis, and can be combined with drugs for imaging-guided multi-function dosage. This paper introduces the synthesis and preparation of carbon dots, and discusses their application in various fields through composites.

PHARMACEUTICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A novel method for the synthesis of carbon dots assisted by free radicals

Xinyue Zhou et al.

Summary: Carbon dots have become a popular type of fluorescent nanomaterials with promising applications. This study introduces a method of developing new red and white CDs using free radicals, resulting in high-efficiency WLEDs and red CDs for rapid staining of yeast cells with outstanding performance.

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

One-step nanoarchitectonics of a multiple functional hydrogel based on cellulose nanocrystals for effective tumor therapy

Tianxing Chen et al.

Summary: Hypoxia is a major challenge for the development of photodynamic therapy, but chemodynamic therapy offers a potential solution. In this study, a controlled Schiff-base reaction between carbon dots and aldehyde-modified cellulose nanocrystals was conducted. The addition of Fe3O4 effectively relieved hypoxia and enhanced tumor therapy efficiency through the promotion of CDT.

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Detection of pathogens using graphene quantum dots and gold nanoclusters on paper-based analytical devices

Hao Yuan et al.

Summary: In this study, a handheld and low-cost pathogen sensor consisting of a paper-based analytical device (muPAD) and an automated color detection system was developed. By analyzing the color intensity of the muPAD, the sensor can perform immunoassays and quantify analyte concentration. The sensor utilizes fluorescent nanomaterials to convert the presence of a pathogen to a colorful fluorescence signal, enabling rapid and sensitive detection. This sensor has the advantages of low cost, portability, and high sensitivity, making it suitable for use in resource-limited medical settings.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Article Optics

High-fidelity carbon dots polarity probes: revealing the heterogeneity of lipids in oncology

Jingyu Hu et al.

Summary: The article introduces carbon dots probes with ultra-sensitive response to polarity and discusses their potential application value in monitoring abnormal polarity. The probes can quantitatively detect polarity through two linear relationships of fluorescence intensity, revealing polarity changes in lipid droplets and cytoplasm.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Article Optics

Electron-phonon coupling-assisted universal red luminescence of o-phenylenediamine-based carbon dots

Boyang Wang et al.

Summary: The photoluminescence mechanism of carbon dots (CDs) remains unclear due to their complex core-shell structure and variety of surface functional groups. In this study, we prepared six different oPD-based CDs and found that they had almost the same PL emission and absorption spectra after purification. Structural and spectral characterization revealed similar carbon core structures but different surface polymer shells. Single-molecule PL spectroscopy confirmed that the multi-modal emission of those CDs originated from the transitions of different vibrational energy levels of the same PL center in the carbon core. Theoretical calculations provided insights into the potential polymerization mode and carbon core structure. Additionally, the phenomenon of spectral splitting of single-particle CDs was observed at low temperature, indicating their unique properties as both organic molecules and quantum dots.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Energy-Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave-Assisted, Solution-Based, and Powder Processing

Nagaraj Nandihalli et al.

Summary: The pillars of Green Chemistry involve the development of new chemical methodologies and processes that can benefit chemical synthesis in terms of energy efficiency, resource conservation, and health, safety, and environmental impact. Implementing green principles can promote the growth of sustainable scientific technologies. This review focuses on the production of energy conversion materials, specifically the energy-efficient synthesis of thermoelectric nanomaterials, highlighting soft chemistry techniques as sustainable alternatives.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Photoluminescence mechanisms of red-emissive carbon dots derived from non-conjugated molecules

Xin Yang et al.

Summary: This study investigates the synthesis and emission mechanism of red-emissive carbon dots (R-CDs). Different R-CDs were successfully synthesized using non-aromatic precursors such as citric acid with the assistance of ammonia. The addition of ammonia played a key role in the synthesis process, shifting the emission wavelength of the carbon dots. Mass spectrometry analysis and computational modeling revealed the emission mechanism, providing guidance for the controlled synthesis of R-CDs from other non-aromatic precursors.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2022)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Carbon dots-based delayed fluorescent materials: Mechanism, structural regulation and application

Mingxiu Lei et al.

Summary: Delayed fluorescent (DF) materials, with high internal quantum efficiency and improved luminescent lifetime, have drawn extensive attention due to their advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness, stable luminescence, easy preparation, and low cost, compared to traditional afterglow materials. Most DF materials based on carbon dots (CDs) are achieved by embedding CDs in a matrix with covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, or other supramolecular interactions. Recently, matrix-free self-protective CDs-based DF materials have emerged. This review provides a systematic summary of the DF mechanism and structural regulation strategies of CDs-based DF materials, and introduces their applications in anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, temperature sensing, and other fields. Finally, the existing problems and future potentials of CDs-based DF materials are proposed and discussed.

ISCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Nitrogen-rich soybean protein isolate derived ?Self-Doping? carbon nano-onions for luminescence properties

Yunhao Lin et al.

Summary: Carbon nano-onions were successfully obtained using a simple one-pot method at low temperature. The effects of reaction temperature and residence time on the characteristics of the nano-onions were studied. Results showed that reaction temperature mainly influenced the structure of the nano-onions, while residence time mainly affected their aromatization. Nitrogen self-doped nano-onions prepared at low temperature showed good fluorescence performance.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Dual-functional CDs@ZIF-8/chitosan luminescent film sensors for simultaneous detection and adsorption of tetracycline

Miao Miao et al.

Summary: This paper presents a novel luminescent sensing material, CDs@ZIF-8, fabricated by encapsulating luminescent carbon dots into a metal-organic framework. A portable disposable test strip, CDs@ZIF-8/CS film sensor, was designed by crosslinking CDs@ZIF-8 with chitosan for TC detection and adsorption. The hybrid film exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity, optical transmittance, and mechanical property, making it promising for applications in pharmaceutical analysis, food safety, and water treatment.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

One-pot preparation of biocompatible folate-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots for targeted bioimaging

Libing Tian et al.

Summary: This study presents a universal strategy for preparing targeting agent functionalized CNQDs using folate as an example. The FA-CNQDs exhibit bright fluorescence, favorable colloidal stability, and good cytocompatibility and in vivo biocompatibility. The remarkable performance of FA-CNQDs in targeted imaging is demonstrated.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Response surface methodology optimization for the synthesis of N, S-codoped carbon dots and its application for tetracyclines detection

Wei Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, N, S-codoped fluorescent carbon dots were rapidly fabricated and used for the detection of tetracyclines. The synthesis parameters were optimized using response surface methodology, and the as-synthesized NSCDs exhibited superior photoluminescence stability and high quantum yield. The fluorescence intensity of the NSCDs could be effectively quenched by tetracyclines through the inner filter effect and photoinduced electron transfer.

CHEMOSPHERE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dual-emission carbonized polymer dots for ratiometric sensing and imaging of L-lysine and pH in live cell and zebrafish

Xiaoxiao Hu et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Synthesis strategies, luminescence mechanisms, and biomedical applications of near-infrared fluorescent carbon dots

Yuqing Wang et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) are nanomaterials with excellent properties that are used in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy. Near-infrared fluorescent CDs have good tissue penetration ability and can achieve high-resolution fluorescence imaging of deep tissues, showing great potential in the biomedical field. This review systematically summarizes the synthesis strategies, luminescence mechanisms, and biomedical applications of near-infrared fluorescent CDs in the past 10 years, and discusses the challenges and perspectives in their synthesis and applications.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Folate-based radiotracers for nuclear imaging and radionuclide therapy

Laurene Wagner et al.

Summary: Folate receptor a (FRa) is a promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. Folate-based radiopharmaceuticals have been extensively studied and developed for nuclear imaging. This review provides an overview of the development of folate-based radiopharmaceuticals for the detection of FRa-positive tumors using positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), as well as strategies to improve their properties and therapeutic effects. Advances in reducing kidney uptake open up new possibilities for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) for FRa-positive tumors.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

A ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on carbon dots for rapid determination of bisulfite in sugar

Lulin Peng et al.

Summary: A ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on dual-emission boron-nitrogen double-doped carbon dots (BNCDs)-Cr(VI) system was developed for the quantitative detection of bisulfite. Additionally, a paper test strip-based visual measuring system was developed for the rapid and semi-quantitative detection of bisulfite.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Promising energy transfer system between fuorine and nitrogen Co-doped graphene quantum dots and Rhodamine B for ratiometric and visual detection of doxycycline in food

Siyuan Tang et al.

Summary: We developed a novel sensor based on dual emissive fluorescent graphene quantum dots for rapid, selective, sensitive, and visual detection of doxycycline. The sensor showed a good linear relationship and low detection limit within the detection range, and demonstrated promising applications in different samples.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Reversible polymerization of carbon dots based on dynamic covalent imine bond

Bin-Bin Chen et al.

Summary: In this study, blue-emitting carbon dots with reversible polymerization were successfully designed and constructed for the first time using a Schiff base reaction between tannic acid and ethylenediamine. The formation of carbon dots was attributed to the crosslinking polymerization of precursors caused by imine bond. The reversible depolymerization and polymerization of carbon dots were achieved by pH-controlled imine bond cleavage and re-formation. These properties of reversible fluorescence photoswitching make the carbon dots promising for reversible information encryption.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Nanobody-based fluorescent immunoassay using carbon dots anchored cobalt oxyhydroxide composite for the sensitive detection of fenitrothion

Lin Luo et al.

Summary: A nanobody-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein-based fluorescent ELISA method was developed for highly sensitive detection of fenitrothion (FN) residue in food. The detection limit of this method was 0.14 ng mL-1, which is 25-fold lower than that of conventional colorimetric ELISAs.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Potato starch derived N-doped carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent sensing tool for ascorbic acid

M. Preethi et al.

Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots were synthesized in one phase using ultrasonication with potato starch as carbon source and ethylenediamine as nitrogen source. The prepared N-CQDs showed a considerable quantum yield and blue fluorescence. Adding ascorbic acid can promote aggregation and electron transfer, leading to fluorescence quenching, with a linear relationship between N-CQDs and AA concentration observed. Practical application on vitamin C tablets demonstrated a high recovery rate, indicating the potential for deploying a vitamin C sensor.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Representing and describing nanomaterials in predictive nanoinformatics

Ewelina Wyrzykowska et al.

Summary: This Review discusses the importance of a comprehensive system for defining nanomaterial descriptors in enabling a safe-and-sustainable-by-design concept for engineered nanomaterials. The unique nanoscale properties of engineered nanomaterials can pose risks to human health and the environment, making it crucial to design new nanomaterials with safety and sustainability in mind. Physicochemical characteristics, such as chemical composition and size, play a key role in the biological activity of nanomaterials, and nanodescriptors can be used to optimize their functionality and minimize health and environmental hazards. The successful integration of experimental data and computational models is essential for the safe adoption of nanomaterials on a large scale.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

An ideal ratiometric fluorescent probe provided by the surface modification of carbon dots for the determination of Pb2+

Sardar Paydar et al.

Summary: Carbon dots were modified with glutathione to create a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for the detection of Pb2+. The modified carbon dots showed different emission peaks in the presence of Pb2+, allowing for ratiometric detection. Theoretical calculations explained the mechanism behind the modification and binding process.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The Emerging Development of Multicolor Carbon Dots

Jiurong Li et al.

Summary: This review provides a systematic classification and summary of synthetic methods for multicolor carbon dots (MCDs), as well as their applications in various fields. It highlights the influence of carbon source precursor, reaction conditions, and reaction environment on the multicolor emission characteristics of MCDs.

SMALL (2022)

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Article Optics

Formation and fluorescent mechanism of red emissive carbon dots from o-phenylenediamine and catechol system

Pengfei Li et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) as an advanced fluorescent carbon nanomaterial have great potential, but the complexity of their PL mechanism and structure-function relationship poses major challenges to their development and applications. This study synthesized red emissive CDs and found that their PL mechanism is similar to DHQP, providing insights for the further development of tunable CDs.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis of multicolor luminescent adjustable carbon dots and their application in anti-counterfeiting

J. Jia et al.

Summary: A novel approach for fabricating color-adjustable carbon dots (CDs) via hydrothermal treatment has been proposed. The synthesized CDs emit blue, green, and orange fluorescence and show strict excitation independence and excellent photostability. They have been successfully applied as fluorescent inks for anti-counterfeiting and information security purposes.

MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Aggregation in carbon dots

Yi Ru et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the impact of aggregation on the formation, luminescence properties, and applications of carbon dots, highlighting the need for a better understanding of aggregation-induced luminescence mechanisms.

AGGREGATE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The role of fluorescent carbon dots in crops: Mechanism and applications

Baoyan Guo et al.

Summary: Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) with excellent optical properties have great potential in improving crop photosynthesis and preservation, as well as being used in smart packaging and food safety detection.

SMARTMAT (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent advances of carbon dots as new antimicrobial agents

Pengfei Li et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs), a new type of carbon-based nanomaterials, show great potential as antimicrobial agents due to their unique optical properties, excellent biocompatibility, and easy surface modification. The research on CDs as antimicrobial agents has made significant progress, but there are challenges in terms of repeatable and exact preparation methods, as well as practical antimicrobial activity.

SMARTMAT (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Near-infrared chemiluminescent carbon nanogels for oncology imaging and therapy

Chenglong Shen et al.

Summary: Carbon nanogels with dual ability of ROS imaging and photodynamic therapy have been designed using self-assembled chemiluminescent carbonized polymer dots. These nanogels enable in vitro and in vivo ROS bioimaging capability and high-performance therapy for xenograft tumors.

SMARTMAT (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tumor-specific and photothermal-augmented chemodynamic therapy by ferrocene-carbon dot-crosslinked nanoparticles

Shan Sun et al.

Summary: Extensive research has been carried out on multifunctional theranostic agents for cancer treatment. In this study, ferrocene-carbon dot-crosslinked nanoparticles were designed and fabricated for specific and enhanced chemotherapy. These nanoparticles not only inherit the properties of carbon dots but also demonstrate chemodynamic therapy selectively in tumor microenvironment due to the presence of ferrocene. The enlarged particle size of the nanoparticles facilitates their accumulation at tumor sites and results in improved antitumor outcomes. The combination of photothermal therapy and chemodynamic therapy shows a synergistic therapeutic effect. This study provides a facile approach to fabricate multifunctional theranostic nanoplatforms and emphasizes the benefits of synergizing therapeutic modalities for cancer therapy.

SMARTMAT (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Gadolinium doped red-emissive carbon dots as targeted theranostic agents for fluorescence and MR imaging guided cancer phototherapy

Min Jiao et al.

Summary: This study describes a multifunctional carbon dots (CDs) nanoplatform for cancer treatment, which integrates fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and photothermal therapy (PTT). By surface modification and doping with gadolinium, the synthesized CDs exhibit strong fluorescence emission, significant MRI contrast, and efficient photothermal conversion. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate the excellent performance of these CDs in tumor-specific imaging and photothermal therapy under the guidance of fluorescence and MRI.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Regulation of multi-color fluorescence of carbonized polymer dots by multiple contributions of effective conjugate size, surface state, and molecular fluorescence

Jiafeng Wan et al.

Summary: Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs)-based nanomaterials with multi-color fluorescence can be synthesized using different methods. The fluorescence of CDs originates from carbon nuclei, surface functional groups, and adsorbed molecular fluorophores. The fluorescence emission wavelength of CDs is affected by reaction temperature, reaction time, and reaction solvent. The study on the color regulation mechanism of CDs is of great significance for the controllable preparation of high-performance fluorescent CDs and their application in biomedicine.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Acid-regulated boron-nitrogen codoped multicolor carbonized polymer dots and applications for pH sensing and trace water detection

Ge Lv et al.

Summary: In this study, the fluorescence of boron-nitrogen codoped carbonized polymer dots (BN-CPDs) was regulated from green to orange using concentrated hydrochloric acid. The use of a specific boron source with a benzene ring structure helped in the formation of internal conjugated structure, resulting in long wavelength fluorescent CPDs. The fluorescence properties of BN-CPDs were found to be dependent on concentration and solvent, and the CPDs showed potential for pH sensing and trace water detection.

NANOSCALE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Natural deep eutectic solvent assisted synthesis and applications of chiral carbon dots

Min Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents a new method for the synthesis of chiral carbon dots (CCDs) and demonstrates their excellent performance in chiral recognition and fluorescence sensing. Through experiments and theoretical calculations, the response mechanism and chiral optical activity of CCDs have been elucidated in detail.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Carbon dot/inorganic nanomaterial composites

Qingqing Xu et al.

Summary: Carbon dots have stable and adjustable photoluminescence properties, good biocompatibility, and abundant surface defects. Composites with inorganic nanomaterials can expand the application scope, improve performance, and enhance versatility. They have been widely used in sensing, catalysis, biology, and optoelectronics.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unconventional aliphatic fluorophores discovered as the luminescence origin in citric acid-urea carbon dots

Xiaoxiao Yao et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) are a desirable material for various applications due to their excellent photoluminescence properties, inexpensive preparation, and low toxicity. The mechanism for fluorescence in CDs is still debated, and a new blue fluorophore called 5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid has been discovered in CDs synthesized from commonly used precursors. This molecular fluorophore demonstrates aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE), which is unique compared to other known fluorophores in CDs.

NANOSCALE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanomaterials for virus sensing and tracking

Muqsit Pirzada et al.

Summary: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for timely and cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis of viruses in global healthcare systems. Nanomaterials, with their enhanced signal response and temporal resolution, offer simple, versatile, and affordable tools for virus detection and tracking.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Carbon Dots for Intracellular Sensing

Fengming Lin et al.

Summary: This article reviews the recent progress in the use of carbon dots (CDs) for intracellular detection, including fluorescence imaging, fluorescence detection, and monitoring of cellular parameters. The synthesis, functionalization, and performance of CDs as fluorescent nanoprobes are also discussed, along with their working mechanisms and future research directions.

SMALL STRUCTURES (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Metal ion sensing with graphene quantum dots: detection of harmful contaminants and biorelevant species

Isabella A. Revesz et al.

Summary: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are promising materials for highly selective and sensitive chemical sensors. However, the mechanisms underlying GQD-metal ion specificity and their applications in biorelevant metal ion detection are still not well understood.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Carbon Dots in Bioimaging, Biosensing and Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review

Boyang Wang et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted significant interest in the biological field due to their fluorescent properties, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. This article reviews the breakthroughs in the synthesis, modification, optical properties, toxicology, and biocatalytic platforms of CDs, as well as the recent research on bioimaging, biosensing, drug delivery, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiviral therapies involving CDs. The article concludes with a perspective on the future prospects and challenges of CDs in biomedicine and biotechnology.

SMALL SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Green synthesis of broccoli-derived carbon quantum dots as effective photosensitizers for the PDT effect testified in the model of mutant Caenorhabditis elegans

Shereen M. Elsherbiny et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of carbon quantum dots derived from broccoli as an effective photodynamic agent in Caenorhabditis elegans models. The carbon quantum dots showed excellent water solubility and optical properties, and exhibited strong photodynamic therapy efficiency by inducing germline apoptosis through the cep-1/p53 pathway.

BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fabrication of ultra-bright carbon nano-onions via a one-step microwave pyrolysis of fish scale waste in seconds

Yunzi Xin et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel method for the one-step synthesis of ultra-bright CNOs using fish scale waste through microwave pyrolysis in seconds. The obtained CNOs have a highly crystallized multiple-shelled core-state and well-functionalized surface, exhibiting visible photoluminescence, superior quantum yield, and excellent dispersibility.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Organic photosensitizers for antimicrobial phototherapy

Van-Nghia Nguyen et al.

Summary: Microbial infectious diseases, especially those caused by new and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, pose a significant threat to global human health. Phototherapy, as an antibiotic-free treatment, shows promise in treating microbial infections due to its selectivity, non-invasiveness, minimal side effects, and broad antimicrobial activity. This tutorial review provides an overview of the concept and significance of phototherapy, as well as recent research progress in using organic photosensitizers for antimicrobial applications.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Zn-assisted modification of the chemical structure of N-doped carbon dots and their enhanced quantum yield and photostability

Sohee Yun et al.

Summary: This article presents the Zn-assisted synthesis of N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with an enhanced quantum yield and photostability. The chemical structure of the CDs, especially the modification at the edges of carbogenic sp(2) domains induced by Zn(OAc)(2), plays a critical role in their photostability.

NANOSCALE ADVANCES (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dots: An innovative luminescent nanomaterial

Yuxin Shi et al.

Summary: Carbon dots, as a type of readily accessible, nontoxic, and relatively inexpensive carbon-based nanomaterials, have drawn increasing interest in recent years. However, challenges such as precise synthesis, structure-property relationship, and fluorescence, phosphorescence, and delayed fluorescence still exist. Researchers aim to inspire more innovative research and practical applications through systematic summarization and exploration.

AGGREGATE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Synthesis Mechanisms, Structural Models, and Photothermal Therapy Applications of Top-Down Carbon Dots from Carbon Powder, Graphite, Graphene, and Carbon Nanotubes

Wenquan Shi et al.

Summary: In this study, top-down syntheses of carbon dots (CDs) from four different carbon precursors were conducted. The optical properties and surface functionalities of the CDs showed similarity and were mainly affected by the synthesis method, whereas the sizes, morphologies, chemical compositions, and core structures of the CDs were heavily influenced by the carbon precursors. The formation processes and structural models of these CDs were proposed based on the systematic study. Furthermore, the cell cytotoxicity and photothermal conversion efficiency of the CDs were evaluated, demonstrating their potential applications in photothermal therapy.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

The light of carbon dots: From mechanism to applications

Boyang Wang et al.

Summary: This review discusses the preparation and optical properties of carbon dots (CDs), which are an important type of nanomaterial with wide applications in optoelectronic devices and biomedicine. The review explores the fluorescence mechanism and preparation methods of CDs, and highlights the adjustment of CD afterglow emission. Additionally, the review discusses the important optical applications of CDs and presents future research directions and potential challenges.

MATTER (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Bioimaging, Biosensing, and Therapy

Seokhwan Chung et al.

Summary: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have excellent properties for various applications in nanomedicine. Recent research focuses on their physicochemical, electronic, magnetic, and biological properties, discussing their use in bioimaging and therapy, as well as technical progress in GQDs synthesis.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Synthesis of highly fluorescent and water soluble graphene quantum dots for detection of heavy metal ions in aqueous media

Savan K. Raj et al.

Summary: The synthesized GQDs show high fluorescence and are suitable for detecting heavy metal ions, with a stable intensity for several months. They also exhibit selective recognition of Fe3+, Pb2+ and Cr3+ ions, making them a promising material for heavy metal ion sensing applications.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Barium charge transferred doped carbon dots with ultra-high quantum yield photoluminescence of 99.6% and applications

Yao Liu et al.

Summary: This study successfully developed a facile method for preparing barium-doped carbon dots and investigated the surface chemistry and chemical structure of these Ba-CDs. Additionally, the study also revealed the application potential of Ba-CDs as fluorescent probes for detecting trace water in organic solvents.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mass production of highly fluorescent full color carbon dots from the petroleum coke

Junfei Ma et al.

Summary: Heavy oil, viewed as an undesirable raw material due to its low yield, can serve as a precursor to highly fluorescent multi-color carbon dots with good stability using hydrothermal method. These carbon dots synthesized with asphalt as the precursor show the highest fluorescence quantum yield, and are promising for macrophage labeling applications.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational design of a bifunctional fluorescent probe for distinguishing Hcy/Cys from GSH with ideal properties

Xiaojie Ren et al.

Summary: TQBF-NBD, a bifunctional fluorescent probe, was designed and synthesized to selectively sense Hcy/Cys and GSH with good sensitivity and selectivity. It can work under single-wavelength excitation and has a large Stokes shift, allowing distinguishable imaging of Hcy/Cys and GSH in living cells and zebrafish.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Recent advances and future trends on molecularly imprinted polymer-based fluorescence sensors with luminescent carbon dots

Saeedeh Ansari et al.

Summary: This article mainly focuses on the design, sensing mechanisms, and properties of MIP/CDs-based fluorescent sensors in recent years, highlighting the importance and potential value of MIP/CDs in sensing systems.

TALANTA (2021)

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Review Engineering, Chemical

Biomass-derived Carbon Quantum Dots - A Review. Part 1: Preparation and Characterization

Baskar Thangaraj et al.

Summary: The preparation of nanostructured carbon materials from biomass through hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis processes plays a crucial role in their application in development activities. Among these products, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have gained importance recently due to their unique characteristics and easy preparation methods. Through optimizing the reaction conditions, CQDs with excellent water solubility, optical properties, electrical conductivity, eco-friendliness, and biocompatibility can be obtained.

CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Encapsulation of Carbon Dots in Silica Matrices Offers Narrow Emission in the Solid-State of Printed Fluorescent Inks

Byeong Eun Kwak et al.

Summary: Researchers synthesized carbon dots with high quantum yield and narrow emission, but their fluorescence was completely quenched in the solid state. By encapsulating CDs in silica matrices, solid-state quenching was avoided, demonstrating the potential of CDs as fluorescent ink for optoelectronic applications.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Cesium-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots as Ratiometric Fluorescence Sensors for Blood Glucose Detection

Jialin Wen et al.

Summary: Developing a highly sensitive fluorescence probe using cesium-doped graphene quantum dots (Cs-GQDs) for the detection of H2O2 and glucose has been achieved, showing promising potential for clinical diagnostics and research.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Carbon Dot/Gold Nanocluster-Based Fluorescent Colorimetric Paper Strips for Quantitative Detection of Iodide Ions in Urine

Ruoxuan Jiang et al.

Summary: A novel fluorescent colorimetric paper strip was developed for visual quantitative detection of iodide ions in urine, showing quick fluorescence recovery and significant color change. This strategy could have broad applications in family medical monitoring, enabling timely health screening.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Unraveling the Fluorescence Quenching of Colloidal Graphene Quantum Dots for Selective Metal Ion Detection

Pei-Chun Yeh et al.

Summary: A sustainable microplasma synthesis method for graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as fluorescent sensors for Cu2+ detection is presented. GQDs are synthesized from starch at ambient conditions using microplasma-liquid synthesis, showing selective detection of Cu2+ with high quenching ratio and low limit of detection. The study includes detailed density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations to explain fluorescence quenching mechanism due to the forbidden emission process of excited electrons, offering insights into charge transfer process for fluorescent-based metal ion detection.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Review of long wavelength luminescent carbon-based nanomaterials: preparation, biomedical application and future challenges

Feng Huo et al.

Summary: Carbon-based luminescent nanomaterials, such as carbon dots, have excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and site-targeting properties, making them promising for applications in biomedicine and optoelectronics. However, the challenge lies in developing long wavelength-emitting carbon dots with high quantum yield for practical bioimaging and therapy.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

'Luminescent carbon nanodots: Current prospects on synthesis, properties and sensing applications'

Nagaraju Kottam et al.

Summary: Carbon dots with excellent properties such as tunable fluorescence, up-converted photoluminescence, photon-induced electron transfer, low toxicity, chiroptical behavior, and high stability have remarkable potential applications in various fields. The abundant availability of 'green' precursors makes carbon dots environmentally friendly and inexpensive nanomaterials.

METHODS AND APPLICATIONS IN FLUORESCENCE (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Fluorescence Enhancement of Lignin-Based Carbon Quantum Dots by Concentration-Dependent and Electron-Donating Substituent Synergy and Their Cell Imaging Applications

Siyu Zhao et al.

Summary: In this study, lignin extracted from black liquor was hydrothermally prepared into lignin-based carbon quantum dots (L-CQDs) using a one-pot method. The L-CQDs exhibited a lamellar core-shell multilayered graphene structure surrounded by oxygen-containing functional groups. The fluorescence intensity of the L-CQDs was strengthened depending on their own concentration dependence and the doping of external groups, showing potential for practical applications such as cell imaging.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Dual-Emitting Carbonized Polymer Dots Synthesized at Room Temperature for Ratiometric Fluorescence Sensing of Vitamin B12

Ya-Ting Gao et al.

Summary: Dual-emitting carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) were successfully synthesized at room temperature using a Schiff base condensation reaction and subsequent cross-linking polymerization process, demonstrating good photostability and antioxidant capacity. A ratiometric FL nanoprobe for sensitive detection of vitamin B12 (VB12) was developed based on the dual-emitting property of CPDs, showing linear detection ranges of 0.25-100 μM with a low limit of detection of 0.14 μM.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Near-Infrared Light-Triggered Lysosome-Targetable Carbon Dots for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer

Shaojing Zhao et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) prepared by hydrothermal treatment of coronene derivatives exhibit a high photothermal conversion efficiency at 808 nm, making them suitable as an efficient NIR light-triggered photothermal agent for effective photothermal therapy against cancer.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Green Synthesis of Tunable Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots from Lignin and Their Application in Anti-Counterfeit Printing

Lingli Zhu et al.

Summary: The green synthesis of lignin-derived CQDs with N, S co-doping shows optimal fluorescence quantum yield of 30.5%. The bright fluorescent CQDs with yellowish green emission, strong water solubility, and excellent chemical stability have potential applications in anti-counterfeiting printing. The improved fluorescence quantum yields are consistent with the increased N/C content in the CQDs.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Responsive Carbonized Polymer Dots for Optical Super-resolution and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Nucleic Acids in Living Cells

Yanfeng Liu et al.

Summary: The study developed a nanosized carbonized polymer dot material, CPDs-3, with efficient and photostable emission for super-resolution and fluorescence lifetime imaging of nucleic acids in living cells.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biomass-Based Carbon Dots: Current Development and Future Perspectives

Thomas C. Wareing et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are regarded as a solution to the challenges faced by semiconductor quantum dots due to their high biocompatibility and ability to be synthesized from abundant and non-toxic biomass materials. In the biomedical field, biomass-based carbon dots hold great potential for research, especially in terms of synthesis and application, showing promising future development prospects.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Construction of Carbon Dots with Color-Tunable Aggregation-Induced Emission by Nitrogen-Induced Intramolecular Charge Transfer

Xiaokai Xu et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) with multicolor aggregation-induced emission, achieving a shift in fluorescence from green to red by increasing the C(sic)N content. The enhancement of ICT efficiency and fluorescence quantum yield by adjusting the C(sic)N content has led to applications in pattern encryption, white-LED devices, fingerprint detection, and protection against UV hazards for plants.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform and logical device based on polydopamine nanoparticles and carbonized polymer dots for visual and point-of-care testing of glutathione

Xucan Yuan et al.

Summary: A novel ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform was developed for the detection of glutathione (GSH), allowing for on-site visual detection with a portable smartphone-assisted method. The method showed wide linear range, high sensitivity, and excellent accuracy, making it suitable for monitoring GSH levels in human serum and having great potential for clinical applications. An intelligent online detection strategy for GSH levels in complex biological matrices was proposed based on two different fluorescence signals.

ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

19F-Grafted Fluorescent Carbonized Polymer Dots for Dual-Mode Imaging

Chang Guo et al.

Summary: Dual-modal imaging systems can provide complementary information by developing F-19-grafted fluorescent carbonized polymer dots, which enable fluorescence imaging and F-19 MRI simultaneously, showing great potential for biological imaging and early diagnosis applications.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Self-Targeting Carbon Quantum Dots for Peroxynitrite Detection and Imaging in Live Cells

Yan Bai et al.

Summary: A new type of carbon quantum dots with mitochondria-targeting function was prepared in this study, showing excellent fluorescence turn-off response for accurate ONOO- imaging. The linear correlation between quenching efficiency and ONOO- concentration was demonstrated, with successful in situ visualization of endogenous ONOO- generated in live cells.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

In-situ synthesis of carbon dots-embedded europium metal-organic frameworks for ratiometric fluorescence detection of Hg2+ in aqueous environment

Hao Guo et al.

Summary: A novel dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent sensor (CDs@Eu-MOFs) was successfully synthesized for the detection of Hg2+ in environmental water samples, with wide linear range and low detection limit. The sensor showed excellent luminescence performance and good stability in aqueous solution.

ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Chemical-free sustainable carbon nano-onion as a dual-mode sensor platform for noxious volatile organic compounds

Atanu Panda et al.

Summary: A new carbon-based dual electrochemical and fluorescence-sensitive sensing platform was developed for detecting DIPA and dioxane. High sensitivity was achieved through the interaction between the surface functional group and the polar nitrogen atom in DIPA molecules.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

LED irradiation of halogen/nitrogen-doped polymeric graphene quantum dots triggers the photodynamic inactivation of bacteria in infected wounds

Hao-Hsin Huang et al.

Summary: Graphene quantum dots serve as promising disinfectants due to their photodynamic and antibacterial activities, while positively charged halogen/nitrogen co-doped polymeric graphene quantum dots are effective antibacterial agents, especially under LED light irradiation.

CARBON (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Enhanced photodynamic therapy for overcoming tumor hypoxia: From microenvironment regulation to photosensitizer innovation

Jianjun Du et al.

Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapy that has attracted increasing interest for treating tumors, but the lack of oxygen in solid tumors limits its effectiveness. The reconstruction of the tumor microenvironment and development of anti-hypoxia photosensitizers are important research topics for improving the efficacy of PDT.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Recent progress on molecularly near-infrared fluorescent probes for chemotherapy and phototherapy

Chenxu Yan et al.

Summary: Recent advances in molecularly NIR fluorescent probes for nanotheranostics have attracted increasing attention due to their potential in bridging in vivo imaging and therapeutic capability within a unimolecular system. The unique advantages of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, such as low background, deep penetration, and minimal tissue damage, make it a promising tool for in vivo chemotherapy and phototherapy. The focus is on design strategy and functionalization of high-performance fluorophores, with discussions on current challenges and future prospects in bringing forth clinical applications for personalized treatment.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Advances and perspectives in carbon dot-based fluorescent probes: Mechanism, and application

Xiangcao Li et al.

Summary: Fluorescent probes play a crucial role in disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety control, with fluorescent carbon dots emerging as a promising new nanomaterial due to their excellent biocompatibility and tunable fluorescence properties for sensing and imaging applications.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Duplex metal co-doped carbon quantum dots-based drug delivery system with intelligent adjustable size as adjuvant for synergistic cancer therapy

Chuyi Han et al.

Summary: Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are utilized for bioimaging due to their photoluminescence properties, and a new CQDs-based drug delivery system (Arg-Ag@Cu) was developed for targeted drug delivery and tumor theranostics with synergistic effects. The system involves metal co-doping, retention ability, gas-involving therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and photodynamic therapy, demonstrating potential in nanotheranostics.

CARBON (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Structural design of carbon dots/porous materials composites and their applications

Jiancang Chen et al.

Summary: The combination of CDs with porous materials shows great potential in overcoming the limitations of individual CDs and producing new functionalities, leading to a wide range of applications across different fields. Various studies have focused on the CDs/porous materials composites, highlighting their excellent performance and potential for future developments.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Hydrophilic graphene quantum dots as turn-off fluorescent nanoprobes for toxic heavy metal ions detection in aqueous media

T. Anusuya et al.

Summary: Efforts are being made to develop fast, cost-effective and sensitive sensors to detect water contamination by toxic heavy metal ions, using oxygenated functional groups decorated graphene quantum dots (GQDs) which effectively enhance aqueous solubility. The fluorescence quenching results showed that the synthesized GQDs are efficient fluorescent probes for heavy metal ions, with detection limits for Hg2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ being 1.171 mu M, 2.455 mu M, and 2.011 mu M respectively.

CHEMOSPHERE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photoluminescent chiral carbon dots derived from glutamine

Wenyan Ma et al.

Summary: This study presents a hydrothermal method to fabricate chiral CDs using amino acid enantiomers as precursors, resulting in CDs with excitation-dependent blue fluorescence and opposite optical rotation in solutions modulated by concentrations of CDs. Time-dependent density functional calculation suggests the presence of polypeptides on the surface of CDs, contributing to the optical activity originating from the stacking of neighboring carbonyl groups.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Recent progress on graphene quantum dots-based fluorescence sensors for food safety and quality assessment applications

Arumugam Selva Sharma et al.

Summary: Given the versatile photophysical properties, high surface-to-volume ratio, superior photostability, higher biocompatibility, and availability of active sites, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are considered to be an ideal candidate for applications in sensing, bioimaging, photocatalysis, energy storage, and flexible electronics. Despite the development of numerous sensing strategies using GQDs for biosensing and environmental applications, the potential of GQDs-based fluorescence techniques in the field of food science and technology remains largely unexplored. This review focuses on the recent progress in the synthesis strategies, electronic properties, and fluorescence mechanisms of GQDs, highlighting their potential applications in food quality analysis.

COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Nanodiamonds as a platform for targeted delivery of chlorin-based photosensitizers to cancer cells

D. A. Gvozdev et al.

Summary: Nanodiamonds are considered an effective delivery platform for photosensitizers due to their good sorption properties and low biological toxicity. Formation of hybrid complexes in aqueous solution prevents generation of reactive oxygen species until the complex reaches the target. Photosensitizers leave the complex in the presence of lipid membranes and exhibit their photodynamic activity, while modification of the nanodiamond surface by transferrin can enhance the efficiency of photodynamic inactivation of cancer cells.

DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Highly fluorescent graphene quantum dots from biorefinery waste for tri-channel sensitive detection of Fe3+ ions

Ruibin Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents a simple, general, and effective strategy for fabricating graphene quantum dots from waste biomass, resulting in quantum dots with excellent optical properties and high sensitivity to iron ions.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

One-pot synthesis of graphene quantum dots using humic acid and its application for copper (II) ion detection

Xiao Liu et al.

Summary: The study used humic acid to fabricate graphene quantum dots through a hydrothermal reaction, showing potential for Cu2+ detection. Spectral characterization revealed that the graphene quantum dots exhibited good photostability and a relatively high quantum yield.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A real-time and highly sensitive fiber optic biosensor based on the carbon quantum dots for nitric oxide detection

Wei Wu et al.

Summary: A novel fluorescent probe composed of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was prepared to selectively detect nitric oxide (NO) by establishing the reaction mechanism between CQDs and NO. A new optical fiber sensing system based on CQDs was constructed to detect NO with a low detection limit, showing potential for real-time monitoring of NO concentration in biological samples.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

High quantum-yield carbon dots embedded metal-organic frameworks for selective and sensitive detection of dopamine

Siqi Xie et al.

Summary: The luminescent metal-organic frameworks (LMOFs) CDs@ZIF-8 composites were fabricated by embedding high quantum yield blue-emitting carbon dots (CDs) into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), serving as a fluorescent probe for selective and sensitive detection of dopamine (DA). The composites showed promising sensing performance with a wide concentration dynamic range and low detection limit for DA, successfully verified in detecting DA in complicated serum and urine samples.

MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Design and synthesis of highly fluorescent and stable fullerene nanoparticles as probes for folic acid detection and targeted cancer cell imaging

Yihan Ma et al.

Summary: A novel type of C-60 fluorescent nanoparticle with high quantum yield and excellent photostability was synthesized in this study, serving as a sensitive probe for folic acid detection and quantification. Moreover, these nanoparticles could penetrate into cancer cells with higher expression levels of folate receptors, achieving targeted cellular imaging.

NANOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Synthesis of multi-color fluorine and nitrogen co-doped graphene quantum dots for use in tetracycline detection, colorful solid fluorescent ink, and film

Changxing Wang et al.

Summary: Fluorine and nitrogen co-doped graphene quantum dots exhibit unique fluorescence properties, emitting various colors when dispersed in different solvents. Moreover, these quantum dots show a high sensitivity fluorescence response to tetracycline, and can be used as invisible ink and color-adjustable fluorescent ink, suitable for large-area flexible multi-color fluorescent film fabrication.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Insights into photoluminescence mechanisms of carbon dots: advances and perspectives

Lin Ai et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the categories and structural diversity of carbon dots, outlines three types of PL emission mechanisms related to structural differences, and briefly mentions the optical applications of carbon dots.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Single-Molecule Forster Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Photosensitizer for Synergistic Photodynamic/Photothermal Therapy

Yang Zou et al.

Summary: In this study, a new strategy using the single-molecule Forster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) mechanism was developed to transfer part of the fluorescent energy into heat for combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy. This approach not only improves treatment efficiency but also enables fluorescence imaging. The strategy allows for a combination treatment outcome at relatively low concentrations and light doses.

ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Bio-Conjugated Fullerene as a Subcellular-Targeted and Multifaceted Phototheranostic Agent

Matteo Di Giosia et al.

Summary: Fullerenes, specifically C-70@lysozyme, exhibit high photodynamic activity and excellent optical contrast, making them potential candidates for theranostic applications in monitoring cellular uptake and intracellular localization.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Carbon Dot Blinking Enables Accurate Molecular Counting at Nanoscale Resolution

Hua He et al.

Summary: This study developed a new technique for accurate single-molecule counting using spontaneous blinking of carbon dots, achieving high precision with a localization accuracy of 10 nm. The technique was successfully applied to study molecular interactions and distribution in subcellular fractions, as well as G-protein coupled receptors on cell membranes, providing insights into receptor oligomerization, clustering, and ligand-regulated distributions. The adaptation of nanoparticle self-blinking for molecular counting demonstrates the potential of carbon dots as reliable probes for deciphering sub-diffraction structures essential for biological functions.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Nano-onions: Potassium Intercalation and Reductive Covalent Functionalization

M. Eugenia Perez-Ojeda et al.

Summary: In this study, covalently functionalized carbon nano-onions (CNOs) were synthesized using a reductive approach with unprecedented alkali-metal CNO intercalation compounds. The controlled intercalation process with potassium was investigated for the first time, revealing a Fano resonance in highly doped CNOs. The experimental results were further confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and rationalized with DFT calculations. This work provides important insights into reductive CNO functionalization principles and potential applications.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

The role of functionalization on the colloidal stability of aqueous fullerene C60 dispersions prepared with fullerides

Joao Paulo Damasceno et al.

Summary: Aqueous dispersions of fullerene C-60 were prepared by oxidizing fulleride solutions in tetrahydrofuran, transferring them to water, and evaporating the solvent. The charged fullerene dispersions in THF exposed to air can produce aqueous fullerene dispersions that are stable for months.

CARBON (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A deep investigation into the structure of carbon dots

Keenan J. Mintz et al.

Summary: Carbon dots have been studied for their structure and properties, comparing three promising types in biomedicine to develop structural models for each nanosystem. The data revealed that black CDs and carbon nitride dots are more functionalized, disordered, and amorphous compared to yellow CDs. These models can be used to analyze CD emission properties and understand the structure-property relationship in CDs.

CARBON (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Microwave-assisted synthesis of colorimetric and fluorometric dual-functional hybrid carbon nanodots for Fe3+detection and bioimaging

Yupeng Shi et al.

Summary: This study successfully prepared novel hybrid CDs with outstanding fluorescence properties and biocompatibility, which can be applied for dual measurement of iron ions with great potential applications in wastewater and living cells.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Aggregation-induced emission or aggregation-caused quenching? Impact of covalent bridge between tetraphenylethene and naphthalimide

Xiaoxie Ma et al.

Summary: This work investigates the impact of non-conjugated and conjugated linkages between TPE and NI, revealing different optical properties resulting from different connections and providing important guidance for the rational design of AIE materials.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The density of surface ligands regulates the luminescence of thiolated gold nanoclusters and their metal ion response

Jie Xu et al.

Summary: This study reveals that the density of surface ligands plays a significant role in regulating the luminescence properties of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). AuNCs with a higher density of electron-rich ligands tend to exhibit stronger luminescence. In addition, differences in surface coverage can impact their interactions with foreign species, as demonstrated by the fluorescence quenching capability of AuNCs with different ligand density towards Hg2+.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultrahard bulk amorphous carbon from collapsed fullerene

Yuchen Shang et al.

Summary: Through high-pressure heating, nearly pure sp(3) amorphous carbon samples were successfully synthesized, exhibiting diamond-like short-/medium-range order and the highest hardness, elastic modulus, and thermal conductivity among any known amorphous materials, with tunable optical bandgaps.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

All-optical fluorescence blinking control in quantum dots with ultrafast mid-infrared pulses

Jiaojian Shi et al.

Summary: Photoluminescence blinking, a common issue in quantum dots, reduces emission stability and quantum yield. A new all-optical method using ultrafast mid-infrared pulses successfully suppresses blinking in CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Hydrothermal synthesis of blue-green emitting carbon dots based on the liquid products of biodegradation of coal

Jiao Zhang et al.

Summary: A simple and low-cost method was described for preparing carbon dots (CDs) from the biodegradation liquid products of coal (LPBC) through hydrothermal treatment. The synthesized CDs exhibited strong fluorescence intensity, narrow size distribution, and stability, showing great promise in sensor applications. The fluorescence intensity of the CDs was sensitive to pH value and temperature, further enhancing their potential for sensing applications.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Applications of natural product-derived carbon dots in cancer biology

Gaurav Gopal Naik et al.

Summary: Natural product-derived carbon dots (NPdCDs) have shown significant potential in the field of cancer theranostics, with wide-ranging applications and distinct features such as medicinal properties, biocompatibility, photo-stability and easy functionalization.

NANOMEDICINE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

An off-on fluorescent probe based on graphene quantum dots intercalated hydrotalcite for determination of ascorbic acid and phytase

Han Shi et al.

Summary: A new off-on fluorescent probe was successfully synthesized for the detection of ascorbic acid and phytase, showing fast, stable, high sensitivity, and high selectivity. The linear relationship between analyte concentration and fluorescence intensity allows for accurate detection of both substances with recoveries ranging from 96.3% to 104.9%. The probe has been successfully applied in fruit juice and feed for practical purposes.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Copper doped carbon dots as the multi-functional fluorescent sensing platform for tetracyclines and pH

Jianhua Guo et al.

Summary: The copper doped fluorescent carbon dots (Cu-CDs) with excellent biocompatibility were prepared using a facile hydrothermal method, displaying bright blue fluorescence and optical stability. They can accurately quantify tetracyclines and detect pH changes, showing great potential for biosensing and biomedical imaging.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2021)

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Article Spectroscopy

Facile synthesis of carbon dots from wheat straw for colorimetric and fluorescent detection of fluoride and cellular imaging

Shaohua Liu et al.

Summary: Fluorescent carbon dots with excellent water solubility and good biocompatibility were designed for the detection of fluoride ions, acting as dual-mode probes for colorimetric and fluorescent sensing. The CDs exhibited a significant color change and selective fluorescence quenching in the presence of fluoride ions, making them suitable for detecting fluoride in water and biological systems.

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Silane-Functionalized Carbon Dots and Their Polymerized Hybrids: From Optoelectronics to Biotherapy

Xuezhe Dong et al.

Summary: Nanomaterials often exhibit unique properties in solutions, but can be compromised in the solid state, requiring incorporation into substrates or hybridization with other functional materials for various devices and applications.

SMALL (2021)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Single, dual and multi-emission carbon dots based optosensing for food safety

Xuecheng Zhu et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the application of multi-fluorescent emission centers of carbon dots in food safety detection, finding that combining dual and multi-fluorescent emission centers with ratiometric fluorescence and multi-dimensional analysis can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of detection methods. Compared with functionalizing the surface of carbon dots, using them directly as fluorescent materials combined with chemometric analyses is more effective for detecting substances in food matrices.

TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Carbon dots based fluorescence methods for the detections of pesticides and veterinary drugs: Response mechanism, selectivity improvement and application

Jing Wang et al.

Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review on the wide applications of carbon dots in the detections of pesticides and veterinary drugs, discussing the response mechanisms of carbon dots and selectivity improvement methods, aiming to promote advances in this field.

TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

NIR-laser-triggered gadolinium-doped carbon dots for magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery and combined photothermal chemotherapy for triple negative breast cancer

Qunjiao Jiang et al.

Summary: A novel theranostic nanoplatform Dox@IR825@Gd@CDs was developed for MRI-guided photothermal chemotherapy of TNBC, showing good biocompatibility and high therapeutic efficacy.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Platelet-Mimicking Therapeutic System for Noninvasive Mitigation of the Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques

Yi Ma et al.

Summary: Atherosclerotic plaque is the primary cause of cardiovascular disorders, and traditional clinical strategies are often limited. Researchers have designed a biomimic photodynamic therapeutic system that can target foam cells in early atherosclerotic plaques using platelet membrane-coated upconversion nanoparticle cores loaded with photosensitizer, which shows promising results in alleviating plaque progression.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Photoluminescence mechanism of carbon dots: triggering high-color-purity red fluorescence emission through edge amino protonation

Qing Zhang et al.

Summary: The research successfully prepared Carbon Dots with high color purity fluorescence emission through amino protonation treatment, changing the molecular state of Carbon Dots and triggering red fluorescence emission, providing a new way for predicting and controlling the photoluminescence properties of Carbon Dots.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Progress and challenges in understanding of photoluminescence properties of carbon dots based on theoretical computations

Michal Langer et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are extensively studied nanomaterials with bright photoluminescence, high stability, low toxicity, and great biocompatibility. However, the design of carbon dots with tailored properties is hindered by limited understanding of their photoluminescence due to complex structure and variability of the photoluminescence centers. Theoretical calculations provide valuable insights into the excited states and the source of photoluminescence.

APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Biomimetic Nanotheranostics Camouflaged with Cancer Cell Membranes Integrating Persistent Oxygen Supply and Homotypic Targeting for Hypoxic Tumor Elimination

Hongliang Chen et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a novel approach to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy by developing a biomimetic nanovehicle that augments oxygen supply. By combining infrared thermal imaging and ultrasound imaging, it achieves a multimodal bioimaging effect for tumor treatment.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Renal-Clearable Nickel-Doped Carbon Dots with Boosted Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Cancer Therapy in the Second Near-Infrared Biowindow

Boshi Tian et al.

Summary: Photothermal agents with absorption in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biowindow have attracted attention for photothermal therapy due to deeper tissue penetration. Nickel and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots prepared in this study show significant absorption in NIR-II region, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and can be used for multimodal imaging-guided PTT with low long-term biotoxicity.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Metal-Bridged Graphene-Protein Supraparticles for Analog and Digital Nitric Oxide Sensing

Zhi-Bei Qu et al.

Summary: This study successfully assembled highly uniform supraparticles from graphene quantum dots (GQDs) by bridging the components with Tb3+ ions, enhancing the transfer of excitonic energy from GQDs and proteins to Tb3+. The mechanism is activated by reducing Cu2+ to Cu1+ by nitric oxide (NO), which greatly improves the sensitivity of NO detection.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Design and Synthesis of Nanosensor Based on Unsaturated Double Bond Functional Carbon Dots for Phenylephrine Detection Using Bromine As a Bridge

Cheng Zhang et al.

Summary: This study successfully synthesized fluorescent CDs with carbon-carbon double bonds for the identification and detection of phenylephrine using a simple method. The CDs exhibited unique optical properties and showed potential for developing novel CD-based nanosensors.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational Design of Multicolor-Emitting Chiral Carbonized Polymer Dots for Full-Color and White Circularly Polarized Luminescence

Yi Ru et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis of red- and multicolor-emitting Ch-CPDs using common precursors and a solvothermal approach, achieving high quantum yield and circularly polarized luminescence. Additionally, circularly polarized white-emitting CPDs were fabricated for the first time by tuning the mixing ratio of colored Ch-CPDs in a gel, opening up exciting opportunities for designing functional chiroptical materials.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A universal sugar-blowing approach to synthesize fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots for detection of Hg(II)

Sen Liu et al.

Summary: A novel sugar-blowing approach was used to synthesize nitrogen-doped CDs, which showed high sensitivity as a fluorescent probe for Hg(II) detection with low detection limit and good selectivity. The proposed approach can be universally applied to synthesize fluorescent N-CDs from various sugar precursors and blowing agents, demonstrating its potential for large-scale applications in different fields.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

B- and N-doped carbon dots by one-step microwave hydrothermal synthesis: tracking yeast status and imaging mechanism

Bo Tian et al.

Summary: In this study, B- and N-doped carbon dots (BN-CDs) were prepared and used to label yeast cells, allowing for quick identification of cell viability and growth status. The study also investigated the effects of different lethal methods on yeast cell morphology, as well as the endocytosis mechanism of BN-CDs.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Insight into the Multistate Emissive N, P-doped Carbon Nano-Onions: Emerging Visible-Light Absorption for Photocatalysis

Subhajit Kar et al.

Summary: In this study, unique N, P-co-doped carbon nano onions (N, P-CNOs) with a self-assembled onion-like layered structure were fabricated using a bottom-up facile synthesis technique. These N, P-CNOs displayed enhanced visible light absorption and efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic performance for MB dye degradation. The study concluded that the N, P-CNOs hold great potential for application in visible-light photocatalysis due to their easy synthesis, low cost, and unique morphology.

CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Novel CD-MOF NIR-II fluorophores for gastric ulcer imaging

Yishen Liu et al.

Summary: The novel CD-MOF NIR-II fluorophore GPs-CH1055 shows strong retention effect and bright NIR-II signals at gastric ulcer sites in vivo, offering great potential for real-time imaging and diagnosis of gastric ulcers.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Octadecylamine and glucose-coderived hydrophobic carbon dots-modified porous silica for chromatographic separation

Jia Chen et al.

Summary: A hydrophobic carbon dots (Glc-OCDs) grafted onto porous silica surface showed excellent separation performance in reversed-phase liquid chromatography, particularly in the separation of isomers, demonstrating promising potential for chromatographic separation applications.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility of Boron/Nitrogen Co-Doped Carbon Nano-Onions

Marta d'Amora et al.

Summary: Boron/nitrogen-co-doped carbon nano-onions have shown promising catalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction, with high biocompatibility and biosafety demonstrated in both cellular and zebrafish models.

NANOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Iron doped carbon dots based nanohybrids as a tetramodal imaging agent for gene delivery promotion and photothermal-chemodynamic cancer synergistic theranostics

Tianying Luo et al.

Summary: Organic-inorganic nanohybrids have shown potential applications in cancer therapy by improving gene transfection efficiency and achieving real-time tracing, leading to synergistic destruction of tumors.

MATERIALS & DESIGN (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Functionalised Graphene Quantum Dots for Cholesterol Detection in Human Blood Serum

Shanti Krishna Ayilliath et al.

Summary: The various applications of nanotechnology have led to significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical technology. GDG, a non enzymatic based cholesterol detection method, shows promise for reliable and selective monitoring of blood cholesterol levels, which is crucial in preventing cardiovascular diseases.

JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Facile synthesis of orange fluorescence multifunctional carbon dots for label-free detection of vitamin B12 and endogenous/exogenous peroxynitrite

Yating Meng et al.

Summary: In this work, orange emission fluorescent multifunctional carbon dots (O-CDs) were designed for label-free detection of VB12, ONOO sensing, cell imaging, and fluorescent flexible film preparation. O-CDs showed high detection sensitivity and biocompatibility, presenting great potential for various applications.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Carbon Nanomaterials Derived from Black Carbon Soot: A Review of Materials and Applications

Deepika Saini et al.

Summary: The study provides a possible method to extract nanocarbons from black carbon pollutant waste for improving global warming and air quality. It summarizes the spectroscopic and microscopic identification of nanocarbons isolated from indoor and outdoor black carbon particulates, and discusses their potential applications.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Dual-Emission Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Fluorescent Water Sensing, Relative Humidity Sensing, and Anticounterfeiting Applications

Yujuan Qin et al.

Summary: Blue fluorescent carbon quantum dots were synthesized using the solvothermal strategy and were utilized to design an effective ratiometric fluorescence water sensor with rapid and sensitive detection of water content in organic solvents, showing great potential for anticounterfeiting.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Dual-emissive fluorescence and phosphorescence detection of cholesterol and glucose based on carbon dots-cyanuric acid complex quenched by MnO2 nanosheets

Qian Su et al.

Summary: A novel strategy was proposed to synthesize carbon dots (CDs) with blue fluorescence in aqueous environment, achieving phosphorescence emission by cooperating with cyanuric acid (CA). The dual-emissive fluorescence and phosphorescence of CA-CDs were effectively quenched by manganese dioxide nanosheets. By generating hydrogen peroxide through enzyme catalysis, a universal sensing platform for detecting cholesterol and glucose was successfully established, showing potential for expanding to assay other targets.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Functionalization and Sensing Applications

Giorgio Speranza

Summary: Recent advances in nanomaterial design and synthesis have led to the development of robust sensing systems with superior analytical performance. Carbon-based sensors, known for their biocompatibility, sensitivity, selectivity, and low limits of detection, have been widely used for the detection of organic and inorganic molecules. Carbon nanomaterials, such as fullerenes, carbon onions, carbon quantum dots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have unique properties that make them ideal for sensing applications, showing promise for future developments.

NANOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Synthesis of Highly Near-Infrared Fluorescent Graphene Quantum Dots Using Biomass-Derived Materials for In Vitro Cell Imaging and Metal Ion Detection

Sarah Reagen et al.

Summary: This study successfully synthesized NIR GQDs using a facile one-step pyrolysis method and characterized them through various analytical techniques. The GQDs showed excellent photostability and stability over a wide pH range, as well as potential applications in cell imaging and biological mercury detection.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Carbon Dots with Absorption Red-Shifting for Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging of Tumor Tissue pH and Synergistic Phototherapy

Yulong Bai et al.

Summary: The study presents S and N atom co-doped carbon dots (S,N-CDs) for tumor phototherapy, which exhibit two-photon emission and high photothermal conversion efficiency. S,N-CDs show higher therapeutic efficiency compared to N-doped CDs, highlighting their potential as an effective therapeutic agent for tumor treatment.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Facile Synthesis of Water-Stable Multicolor Carbonized Polymer Dots from a Single Unconjugated Glucose for Engineering White Light-Emitting Diodes with a High Color Rendering Index

Yingnan Zhao et al.

Summary: This study successfully synthesizes multicolor fluorescent CPDs from a single unconjugated precursor, glucose, through a hydrothermal reaction, allowing for tunable emission wavelength and construction of LEDs in different colors, including white light-emitting diodes.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mitochondria-Specific Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Selective Photodynamic Killing of Fungi and Efficacious Treatment of Keratitis

Chengcheng Zhou et al.

Summary: By utilizing mitochondrial-targeting luminogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics, selective and highly efficient killing of fungi can be achieved, showing significantly better therapeutic effects in clinical applications.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

All-Optical Wide-Field Selective Imaging of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Cells, In Vivo and Ex Vivo

Tamami Yanagi et al.

Summary: The method described in this study utilizes controlled laser pulses to oscillate the fluorescence from nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVCs) in fluorescent nanodiamonds, while oscillating other optical signals in the opposite phase. This allows for the reconstruction of selective images of nanodiamonds with improved signal-to-background ratio, providing a powerful tool for investigating molecular dynamics in cells and in vivo.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tunable Organelle Imaging by Rational Design of Carbon Dots and Utilization of Uptake Pathways

E. Shuang et al.

Summary: By utilizing various surface groups and lipophilicity, different CDs can choose diverse uptake pathways for specific organelle-targeting imaging.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Injectable Hydrogel for Simultaneous Photothermal Therapy and Photodynamic Therapy with Ultrahigh Efficiency Based on Carbon Dots and Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals

Tianxing Chen et al.

Summary: An injectable hydrogel for simultaneous photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy was developed through a chemical reaction between NCDs and cellulose nanocrystals. The hydrogel showed high efficiency and safety, demonstrating significant tumor inhibition effects.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Aggregation-Enhanced Energy Transfer for Mitochondria-Targeted ATP Ratiometric Imaging in Living Cells

Rong Sheng Li et al.

Summary: The study introduces an aggregation-enhanced energy transfer strategy to overcome obstacles in effective energy transfer, achieving enhanced FRET efficiency.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Modulating photon harvesting through dynamic non-covalent interactions for enhanced photochemical CO2 reduction

Shao-Hai Li et al.

Summary: A novel pseudo-supramolecular assembly is developed by conjugating ultra-small nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots with polypyridyl ruthenium, enhancing the photochemical conversion of CO2 to CO. The reversible self-assembly driven by dynamic non-covalent interactions led to superior photosensitized CO2 reduction performance, demonstrating potential for promising artificial light-harvesting systems using metal complex-based systems for photoredox-catalyzed reactions.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Multifunctional carbon dot/MXene heterojunctions for alleviation of tumor hypoxia and enhanced sonodynamic therapy

Bijiang Geng et al.

Summary: Ti3C2-based 2D MXene nanosheets with a narrow bandgap have been developed as an effective nanosonosensitizer for sonodynamic therapy against deep-seated tumors. The introduction of 0D/2D hybrid heterojunctions further enhances ROS generation efficiency and improves photothermal conversion efficiency in the NIR-II biowindow. This study demonstrates the promising potential of MXene-based 2D materials for noninvasive SDT treatment of deep-seated tumors.

CARBON (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Designing a sustainable fluorescent targeting probe for superselective nucleus imaging

Liang Wang et al.

Summary: A molecular fusion route was designed to synthesize bright orange fluorescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which exhibited excellent optical properties and targeting capability for cell nucleus imaging. Enriched nitrogen doping in GQDs facilitated their penetration through the cell membrane to target the nucleus, providing a basis for designing nucleus-targeting probes in the future.

CARBON (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

PEI modified orange emissive carbon dots with excitation-independent fluorescence emission for cellular imaging and siRNA delivery

Rui Li et al.

Summary: In this study, excitation-independent bright-orange-emissive PEI-CDs were successfully prepared and demonstrated their potential for cellular uptake, siRNA delivery, and biomedical applications. The PEI-CDs can form nano-complexes by binding siRNA, effectively deliver siRNA targeting specific genes, and downregulate the expression of the target gene.

CARBON (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Temperature triggered high-performance carbon dots with robust solvatochromic effect and self-quenching-resistant deep red solid state fluorescence for specific lipid droplet imaging

Dong Gao et al.

Summary: A simple solvothermal strategy was developed to synthesize high-performance CDs by controlling the carbonized core and polymer structure, leading to CD with unique photophysical behaviors. These CDs exhibit strong solvatochromic effect and self-quenching-resistant solid-state fluorescence, making them efficient probes for staining lipid droplets and real-time monitoring of physiological processes.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Red/Green Tunable-Emission Carbon Nanodots for Smart Visual Precision pH Sensing

Jiang-Lin Zhao et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the optimization of carbon nanodots' fluorescence properties by modifying the molecular structure of the carbon source, resulting in CDs with extremely acidic sensitivity. The pH-dependent fluorescence color change allows for visual pH measurement and information encryption, with potential applications in anti-counterfeiting technology.

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Long-wavelength (red to near-infrared) emissive carbon dots: Key factors for synthesis, fluorescence mechanism, and applications in biosensing and cancer theranostics

Aman Lv et al.

Summary: The review discusses the limitations of carbon dots in practical applications and the research on long-wavelength carbon dots. It analyzes the key factors for synthesizing long wavelength CDs, discusses the fluorescence mechanism, and summarizes their potential applications in sensing and cancer theranostics.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2021)

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Article Biophysics

Design, fabrication and drug release potential of dual stimuli-responsive composite hydrogel nanoparticle interfaces

Narsimha Mamidi et al.

Summary: CNPs, as a type of nanocomposite hydrogel particles, were fabricated using an ionic gelation strategy and demonstrated dual (pH and thermo)-responsive controlled drug release in vitro. The results showed that CNPs disassembled at 55 degrees C to release the encapsulated drug molecules in a controlled fashion, indicating their potential as a promising drug delivery platform for the GI tract and colon targeted drug delivery.

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Carbon dots as a new class of nanomedicines: Opportunities and challenges

Boyang Wang et al.

Summary: Precise nanomedicine has been extensively explored for effective cancer imaging and treatment, with carbon dots being a new and highly interesting member of carbon-based nanomaterials in the field of nanomedicine. This review provides concise insights into the recent development of CDs in nanomedicine research, covering preparation, functionalization processes, and key applications.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

A Schiff base-functionalized graphene quantum dot nanocomposite for preferable picric acid sensing

Yuting Fan et al.

Summary: This study presents a new sensor design mediated by graphene quantum dots for fast and effective detection of picric acid in water and air, showing higher fluorescent quantum yield and better selective detection capability. Luminescent Schiff-GQDs exhibit significant quenching effects, lower detection limits, and the ability to detect PA with the naked eye.

DYES AND PIGMENTS (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

A sustainable green synthesis of functionalized biocompatible carbon quantum dots from Aloe barbadensis Miller and its multifunctional applications

Jalaja Prasad Malavika et al.

Summary: A sustainable green method was demonstrated to prepare fluorescent carbon quantum dots that showed excellent photocatalytic efficiency and anti-proliferative effects in breast cancer cells. Moreover, the carbon quantum dots exhibited impressive live-cell imaging properties.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Recent Advances in Carbon Nanodots: A Promising Nanomaterial for Biomedical Applications

Safeera Khan et al.

Summary: Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are emerging nanomaterials with superior biocompatibility, stability, and surface modification capabilities, making them valuable tools in biomedicine. Recent research has focused on tailoring the functionality of CNDs, with growing interest in their in vivo applications.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Conjugation with nanodiamonds via hydrazone bond fundamentally alters intracellular distribution and activity of doxorubicin

Shen-Jun Yuan et al.

Summary: This study revealed that Nano-DOX, conjugated with polyglycerol-coated nanodiamonds, exhibited distinct intracellular distribution compared to free DOX. Nano-DOX induced less endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA damage, as well as weaker pro-inflammatory signaling pathway activation, when compared to free DOX. These findings suggest that chemotherapy in nano form can have altered cellular effects of the drug.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Engineering white light-emitting diodes with high color rendering index from biomass carbonized polymer dots

Weixue Meng et al.

Summary: Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) have great potential in sensing, bioimaging, and optoelectronic devices due to their outstanding optical properties, superior stability, and favorable biocompatibility. Biomass CPDs, derived from avocado peel and sarcocarp, show promise in ion detection and LED applications, with CPDs-P exhibiting better sensitivity to Fe3+ due to its oxygen-containing functional groups. White LEDs constructed from CPDs-P and CPDs-S exhibit high color rendering index and stability, showcasing the promising future of biomass CPDs in sensing and illumination applications.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Surface Photoluminescence of Oxidized Nanodiamonds: Influence of Environment pH

Alexey M. Vervald et al.

Summary: This study investigates the effect of environmental pH on the surface photoluminescence of oxidized NDs of various syntheses and surface treatments, showing that the PL of NDs varies with pH in specific ranges. The changes in NDs' PL are attributed to the (de)protonation of surface groups, carboxyl at pH 2-5 and hydroxyl at pH 9-12.5, indicating the potential for tuning NDs' surface photoluminescence beyond surface group control.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Theoretical Understanding of Structure-Property Relationships in Luminescence of Carbon Dots

Jingkun Yu et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) exhibit excellent luminescence characteristics, leading to their significant success in optical applications. Understanding the structure-property relationships in CDs is crucial yet challenging due to their complex nature. This Perspective reviews theoretical efforts in this area and discusses the challenges to be addressed for future development of CDs.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tuning the Fluorescence and the Intramolecular Charge Transfer of Phenothiazine Dipolar and Quadrupolar Derivatives by Oxygen Functionalization

Yogajivan Rout et al.

Summary: The effect of the oxidation state of sulfur in naphthalimide and phenothiazine-based push-pull systems on their spectral, photophysical, and electrochemical properties was investigated. Oxygen functionalization significantly improved the optical and nonlinear optical features of the molecules, suggesting a new effective synthetic strategy for tailored photophysics of phenothiazine-based organic materials for various optoelectronic applications.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

The development of carbon dots: From the perspective of materials chemistry

Shuo Li et al.

Summary: The advancement in materials chemistry has significantly changed human lifestyle. Carbon dots, with their fascinating physicochemical properties, have been regarded as a groundbreaking carbon-based nanomaterial. However, the field of carbon dot-based materials chemistry remains incomplete due to their wide structural diversity, requiring further exploration. The review proposes novel viewpoints in this field and offers promising prospects for future developments.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Red fluorescent nanoprobe based on Ag@Au nanoparticles and graphene quantum dots for H2O2 determination and living cell imaging

Ling-Ling Shang et al.

Summary: A sensitive and turn-on fluorescence nanoprobe was fabricated using core-shell Ag@Au nanoparticles and red emissive graphene quantum dots, allowing for detection and imaging of H2O2 in physiological samples. The sensing mechanism relies on fluorescence recovery with good sensitivity and living cell imaging capability.

MICROCHIMICA ACTA (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Dual-stimuli responsive near-infrared emissive carbon dots/hollow mesoporous silica-based integrated theranostics platform for real-time visualized drug delivery

Zhongyin Chen et al.

Summary: The use of nanocarriers with dual pH/GSH responsive features for imaging-guided drug delivery can effectively eliminate tumor tissues while reducing side effects, providing a new strategy for cancer therapy.

NANO RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

A strong blue fluorescent nanoprobe based on Mg/N co-doped carbon dots coupled with molecularly imprinted polymer for ultrasensitive and highly selective detection of tetracycline in animal-derived foods

Xuelian Hu et al.

Summary: A novel fluorescent nanosensor based on magnesium and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots encapsulated into molecularly imprinted polymer was developed for specific and ultrasensitive detection of tetracycline in animal-derived foods. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity and specificity, with a linear quenching relationship between fluorescence intensity and tetracycline concentration. Additionally, the sensor showed promising results for trace analysis of tetracycline in complex foods, consistent with those obtained by HPLC.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Structure and Interface Modification of Carbon Dots for Electrochemical Energy Application

Ruiqi Cheng et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) as new nanomaterials have unique characteristics, and their structure and interface modifications can regulate their properties effectively. By coupling with other materials to construct special interface structures, CDs can enhance their properties for electrical energy storage and conversion, guaranteeing positive and extraordinary effects.

SMALL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

A mitochondria-targeted ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for imaging of peroxynitrite in living cells

Keqin Yang et al.

Summary: A ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for detecting peroxynitrite was successfully constructed, showing selective accumulation in mitochondria and linear detection in the range of 0-6.0 µM. This nanoprobe enables ratiometric fluorescence imaging of endogenous peroxynitrite in cell mitochondria.

TALANTA (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Lysosome-targeted carbon dots for colorimetric and fluorescent dual mode detection of iron ion, in vitro and in vivo imaging

Dan Chang et al.

Summary: A colorimetric and fluorescent dual mode sensor based on lysosome-targeted CDs has been successfully implemented to identify Fe3+ fluctuations in vitro and in vivo, providing rapid and reliable recognition with exceptional stability, biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity. The CDs can target lysosomes in cells and respond to Fe3+ fluctuations, showing promising potential for disease detection in physiology and pathology.

TALANTA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Phonon-assisted up-conversion photoluminescence of quantum dots

Zikang Ye et al.

Summary: Phonon-assisted up-conversion photoluminescence boosts energy by absorbing vibration energy, and colloidal quantum dots can be used as efficient, stable, and cost-effective emitters for up-conversion photoluminescence.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Spying on the Polarity Dynamics during Wound Healing of Zebrafish by Using Rationally Designed Carbon Dots

Jingyu Hu et al.

Summary: Wound healing is a complex biological process influenced by changes in the microenvironment, with cell polarity being a significant parameter. A method utilizing carbon dots to monitor cell polarity during wound healing has been successfully developed, with dynamic changes in polarity monitored for the first time in zebrafish. This study provides an important experimental basis for investigating wound healing using polarity-sensitive CDs.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Trifunctional Graphene Quantum Dot@LDH Integrated Nanoprobes for Visualization Therapy of Gastric Cancer

Bin Wu et al.

Summary: Visualization technology has become a trend in tumor therapy, with graphene quantum dots showing promise for tumor diagnosis. The combination of sulfur-doped graphene quantum dots with etoposide in layered double hydroxides offers a reliable strategy for precise visualization therapy. The trifunctional LDH@SGQD-VP16 integrated nanoprobes can achieve targeted aggregation, fluorescence visualization, and chemotherapy simultaneously, demonstrating enhanced therapeutic effects in gastric cancer.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Facile and Green Synthesis of Bifunctional Carbon Dots for Detection of Cu2+ and ClO- in Aqueous Solution

Jin Yang et al.

Summary: Novel water-soluble carbon dots (CDs) were successfully synthesized with the ability to detect copper ions and hypochlorite in the environment. These CDs showed low toxicity and biocompatibility in living cells, and were effectively used in solid sensors and hydrogels for sensitive monitoring of targets.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Optics

Precursor-dependent structural diversity in luminescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs): the nomenclature

Qingsen Zeng et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) have garnered significant attention in the past decade for being easy-to-prepare, non-toxic, and customizable fluorescent nanomaterials. They can be categorized into three subgroups based on their morphology and chemical structure, with detailed structures varying significantly, especially in chemically synthesized CPDs. Proper nomenclature is crucial for the better utilization of the diverse structures and properties of CPDs.

LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dots as emerging luminophores in security inks for anti-counterfeit applications - An up-to-date review

Kashmitha Muthamma et al.

Summary: This article explores the use of fluorescent carbon nanodots in security printing, highlighting their importance and application value in combating counterfeits. The synthesis techniques and development trends of security inks are outlined, with future research directions proposed to enhance security features.

APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Food Science & Technology

A Fluorescent Detection for Paraquat Based on β-CDs-Enhanced Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters

Hong-Xin Ren et al.

Summary: This report proposed a fluorescent sensing method for paraquat based on gold nanoclusters. The modification of beta-cyclodextrins on the surface of AuNCs enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity of the detection. With optimized conditions, the method demonstrated a linear response and high recoveries when applied to paraquat-spiked water samples. This study highlights the potential of host molecule modification of fluorescent metal NC surfaces in developing robust sensors.

FOODS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hybrid Carbon Dot Assembly as a Reactive Oxygen Species Nanogenerator for Ultrasound-Assisted Tumor Ablation

Deblin Jana et al.

Summary: The study synthesized a CD-based ultrasmall hybrid nanostructure that can generate singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide radicals under ultrasound stimulation, showing enhanced efficacy for tumor ablation in vivo.

JACS AU (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

New trends in nonconventional carbon dot synthesis

Beatrice Bartolomei et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are currently a hot topic in nanomaterial research, but their preparation methods have faced challenges such as high temperatures, long reaction times, and toxic solvents. Innovative chemistry fields like mechanochemistry, flow chemistry, and laser synthesis could offer potential solutions to these issues. Additionally, machine learning could be utilized to expand the properties and applications of carbon dots.

TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Design principles and biological applications of red-emissive two-photon carbon dots

Pooria Lesani et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are promising for various biological applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. Red-emissive two-photon carbon dots have gained increasing attention recently, showing superior properties and broad applications in bioimaging, biosensing, and phototherapeutic fields.

COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Non-traditional intrinsic luminescence from non-conjugated polymer dots: designing a hybrid biomaterial

Rafaella F. Fernandes et al.

Summary: This study reports an eco-friendly and facile method for synthesizing nitrogen-containing non-conjugated polymer dots from the biopolymer beta-glucan, with strong luminescence explained by the crosslink-enhanced emission effect. Water-soluble NCPDs were synthesized through dehydration/crosslinking reactions without additional matrix compositing. The study also demonstrated the use of SERS for exploring chemical structures and characterized promising fluorescent non-conjugated polymer dots.

POLYMER CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Applications of carbon dots on tumour theranostics

Hao Wu et al.

Summary: The use of carbon dots (CDs) in tumor theranostics has shown promise due to their tunable fluorescence emission, good photostability, high water solubility, and biocompatibility. Recent research has focused on their preparation, hydrophilicity, biotoxicity, optical properties, and applications in multimodal bioimaging and drug delivery. Specifically, the targeting strategy involving large amino acid-mimicking carbon quantum dots through a large neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) has been highlighted. Future directions and challenges in utilizing CDs for tumor theranostics are also discussed.

VIEW (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

One-step fabrication of functional carbon dots with long wavelength emission for gene delivery and bio-imaging

Ping Chen et al.

Summary: A one-step solvothermal method was applied to prepare carbon dots with long wavelength emission, which can be used for bio-imaging and gene delivery. The carbon dots possess excellent fluorescence properties for both in vitro and in vivo bio-imaging. In addition, they show high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity compared to PEI, making them a promising non-viral gene delivery system.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Carbon quantum dots: Synthesis and correlation of luminescence behavior with microstructure

Li-yang Fang et al.

Summary: Two types of carbon quantum dots, C-dots-160 and C-dots-200, synthesized at different temperatures exhibit distinct fluorescence luminescence behaviors due to variations in the concentration ratio of structural defects, with C-dots-200 showing excitation wavelength-dependent fluorescence and C-dots-160 displaying excitation-independent luminescence, attributed to differences in defect composition. The number of structural defects is lower in C-dots-160 compared to C-dots-200, resulting in the latter's stronger fluorescence emission.

NEW CARBON MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Engineering, Environmental

Sustainable synthesis of multifunctional carbon dots using biomass and their applications: A mini-review

Suguna Perumal et al.

Summary: Carbon dots (CDs) have gained increasing attention as promising fluorescent carbon-based materials with outstanding physical and chemical properties. Various methods are available for their preparation, with hydrothermal synthesis being an eco-friendly approach. CDs find wide applications in bioimaging, fluorescent inks, and sensing, showcasing their importance and advantages in different fields.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Multifunctional N-Doped Carbon Dots for Bimodal Detection of Bilirubin and Vitamin B12, Living Cell Imaging, and Fluorescent Ink

Nilanjana Nandi et al.

Summary: A N-doped carbon dot (NCD) with high quantum yield and optical stability was synthesized via hydrothermal technique, suitable for security ink applications. The NCD demonstrated potential as a sensor for bilirubin (BR) and vitamin B-12 (VB12) through fluorescence quenching mechanisms. Real-sample analysis and in vitro cell tests confirmed the practicality and biocompatibility of NCD, facilitating its application in bioimaging and living organism recognition of VB12.

ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A multifunctional nanodiamond-based nanoplatform for the enhanced mild-temperature photothermal/chemo combination therapy of triple negative breast cancer via an autophagy regulation strategy

Xinyue Cui et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated the construction of a nanodiamond-based nanoplatform for enhanced mild-temperature photothermal/chemo combination therapy against TNBC by inhibiting autophagy, which could weaken therapeutic resistance and improve anti-tumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the nanoplatform could be used for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging, showing its potential as a theranostic tool.

NANOSCALE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Synthesis and modification of carbon dots for advanced biosensing application

Fu-Ting Wang et al.

Summary: Carbon dots have attracted extensive attention for biosensing applications due to their small particle size, tunable optical properties, good conductivity, low cytotoxicity, and good biocompatibility. Various synthesis routes, modification strategies, and applications of carbon dots in different biosensing fields have been summarized in this review. The challenges and future prospects of using carbon dots for biosensors have also been proposed for further exploration.

ANALYST (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Graphene Quantum Dots Decorated with Boron Dipyrromethene Dye Derivatives for Photodynamic Therapy

Sreejith Mangalath et al.

Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer therapeutic technique that reduces the side effects of traditional chemotherapy through light-triggered drug action. Advances in drug design, such as using nanocarriers and targeted delivery systems, have improved the efficacy and bioavailability of PDT. The graphene oxide quantum dot (GQD)-BODIPY nanoconjugate shows excellent water solubility and high efficiency for PDT applications, making it a potential treatment option for cancer.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dots@metal-organic frameworks as dual-functional fluorescent sensors for Fe3+ ions and nitro explosives

Yufang Tao et al.

Summary: In this study, carbon dots (CDs) with excellent optical properties were encapsulated into two fluorescent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to form novel composites. These composites showed strong fluorescence sensing capabilities for Fe3+ ions, p-nitrotoluene (p-NT) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) in water solutions with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity. The results suggest that these composites could be potential dual-functional fluorescent sensors.

CRYSTENGCOMM (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Carbon Dots as an Indicator of Acid-Base Titration and a Fluorescent Probe for Endoplasm Reticulum Imaging

Zhan Zhu et al.

Summary: In this study, red carbon dots (CDs) were successfully prepared and their acidichromism feature was investigated. The CDs showed potential applications in titration analysis and endoplasm reticulum targeting imaging.

ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultrasmall Gd@Cdots as a radiosensitizing agent for non-small cell lung cancer

Chaebin Lee et al.

Summary: Gadolinium-intercalated carbon dots (Gd@Cdots) serve as a safe and efficient radiosensitizer, significantly enhancing cellular damage under X-ray irradiation without causing detectable toxicity. There is great potential for Gd@Cdots as a novel type of radiosensitizer for improving tumor suppression and animal survival in cancer radiotherapy.

NANOSCALE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Absorption and emission of light in red emissive carbon nanodots

Neeraj Soni et al.

Summary: The study reveals the presence of a molecular fluorophore, QXPDA, in red emissive CNDs synthesized from OPDA, which dictates the emission characteristics of these CNDs. The experimental results confirm the extended conjugated structure of QXPDA and the similarity in trends of absorption and emission of light from different red emissive CNDs synthesized under varied conditions.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

One-step synthesis of fluorescent graphene quantum dots as an effective fluorescence probe for vanillin detection

Sujuan Zhu et al.

Summary: This study presents a simple method for synthesizing photoluminescent graphene quantum dots using citric acid as the carbon source, showing excellent optical properties. A fluorescent sensor is developed for selective detection of vanillin in chocolates, demonstrating good linear relationship and sensitivity.

RSC ADVANCES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Carbon nano-onions as potential nanocarriers for drug delivery

Michal Bartkowski et al.

Summary: Nanocarriers are nano-sized delivery vesicles that can transport molecules to specific locations, potentially overcoming drawbacks of free drug delivery; Carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are being investigated as potential nanocarriers for drug delivery, meeting various criteria for effective drug delivery.

DALTON TRANSACTIONS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Nanosensors for Monitoring and Imaging Fe3+ and [HPO4]2- Ions

Qiaoling Liu et al.

Summary: Nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots were synthesized via a hydrothermal process, showing high quantum yield and large Stokes shift, allowing for detection of Fe3+ and [HPO4](2-) with a significant on-off-on fluorescence response.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Targeted brain tumor imaging by using discrete biopolymer-coated nanodiamonds across the blood-brain barrier

Hoi Man Leung et al.

Summary: Nanovehicles face challenges in crossing the vascular barrier and targeting tumors, but this study presents a discrete ND system that effectively visualizes brain tumors with tumor-targeting properties, showing minimal toxicity to major organs and potential as a unique platform for noninvasive theragnostics in human brain diseases.

NANOSCALE (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Application of carbon nano onions in the biomedical field: recent advances and challenges

Jyoti Ahlawat et al.

Summary: Carbon nano onions (CNOs) are carbonaceous nanostructures composed of multiple concentric shells of fullerenes, offering unique chemical and physical properties for various biomedical applications.

BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Facile synthesis of biomass waste-derived fluorescent N, S, P co-doped carbon dots for detection of Fe3+ ions in solutions and living cells

Weixia Wang et al.

Summary: Fluorescent nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus co-doped carbon dots were synthesized from biomass waste and used to develop a sensor for detecting Fe3+ ions. The carbon dots were also evaluated as a biosensor for Fe3+ detection in water samples, showing potential practical applications.

ANALYTICAL METHODS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Novel fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots derived from Panax notoginseng for bioimaging and high selectivity detection of Cr6+

Xiaodan Zheng et al.

Summary: Carbon dots and photoluminescent carbon dots derived from Panax notoginseng have been successfully synthesized and exhibit superior properties for biological imaging, cell staining, membrane targeting, and selective detection of Cr6+. The research also highlights the non-toxicity, good biocompatibility, and biodistribution of the synthesized carbon dots.

ANALYST (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon dioxide derived carbonized polymer dots for multicolor light-emitting diodes

Bin Liu et al.

Summary: This study presents a new type of carbon dioxide (CO2)-derived CPD with significant quantum yields in both solution and solid state. The synthesis of CPDs involved the polymerization of small molecules and the self-passivation of poly(hydroxyurethane) chains, allowing for solid-state fluorescence. Additionally, the synthesis process consumes a significant amount of CO2, offering a new method for fixing CO2 to functional carbon materials.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Stepwise enhancement of fluorescence induced by anion coordination and non-covalent interactions

Dan Zhang et al.

Summary: This study presents a multi-level regulation of fluorescence enhancement using a bis-bis(urea)-decorated tetraphenylethene (TPE) ligand, with assembly-enhanced emission characteristic upon anion coordination and subsequent binding of a guest (methyl viologen).

DALTON TRANSACTIONS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Tunable fluorescent carbon dots: synthesis progress, fluorescence origin, selective and sensitive volatile organic compounds detection

Susmita Dolai et al.

Summary: Carbon dots are emerging nanomaterials with environmental friendliness, brightness, tunable fluorescence, and low toxicity, offering potential applications in various fields. Their synthesis, fluorescence properties, and applications in sensing and recognition of volatile organic compounds have been extensively researched.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Functionalized Carbon Dots toward the Design of Efficient Materials for Sensing and Catalysis Applications

Namasivayam Dhenadhayalan et al.

SMALL (2020)

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Article Spectroscopy

An innovative green sensing strategy based on Cu-doped Tragacanth/Chitosan nano carbon dots for Isoniazid detection

Zahra Shekarbeygi et al.

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Nanodiamonds with powerful ability for drug delivery and biomedical applications: Recent updates on in vivo study and patents

Swati Chauhan et al.

JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Design of Red Emissive Carbon Dots: Robust Performance for Analytical Applications in Pesticide Monitoring

Hongxia Li et al.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Crosslink-Enhanced Emission Effect on Luminescence in Polymers: Advances and Perspectives

Songyuan Tao et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Synthesis and modification of pristine and nitrogen-doped carbon dots by combining template pyrolysis and oxidation

Sergei Chernyak et al.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Fluorine-Doped Carbon Dots with Intrinsic Nucleus-Targeting Ability for Drug and Dye Delivery

Pengli Gao et al.

BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Magnetic-induced graphene quantum dots for imaging-guided photothermal therapy in the second near-infrared window

Hongji Liu et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2020)

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Review Biophysics

Carbon dots: Current advances in pathogenic bacteria monitoring and prospect applications

Fangchao Cui et al.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Blood compatible heteratom-doped carbon dots for bio-imaging of human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Jian Zhong et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

The modulation of the photophysical and photodynamic therapy activities of a phthalocyanine by detonation nanodiamonds: Comparison with graphene quantum dots and carbon nanodots

Refilwe Matshitse et al.

DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

A novel fluorescent nitrogen, phosphorus-doped carbon dots derived from Ganoderma Lucidum for bioimaging and high selective two nitrophenols detection

Yujiao Tu et al.

DYES AND PIGMENTS (2020)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Facile strategy by hyaluronic acid functional carbon dot-doxorubicin nanoparticles for CD44 targeted drug delivery and enhanced breast cancer therapy

Jianping Li et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Two in one: Simultaneous functionalization and DOX loading for fabrication of nanodiamond-based pH responsive drug delivery system

Wei Long et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2020)

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Light-assisted gadofullerene nanoparticles disrupt tumor vasculatures for potent melanoma treatment

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A strong blue fluorescent nanoprobe for highly sensitive and selective detection of mercury(II) based on sulfur doped carbon quantum dots

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Nucleolus-Targeted Red Emissive Carbon Dots with Polarity-Sensitive and Excitation-Independent Fluorescence Emission: High-Resolution Cell Imaging and in Vivo Tracking

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Near-infrared carbon dots-based fluorescence turn on aptasensor for determination of carcinoembryonic antigen in pleural effusion

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Mitochondria-Anchored Colorimetric and Ratiometric Fluorescent Chemosensor for Visualizing Cysteine/Homocysteine in Living Cells and Daphnia magna Model

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Boron and nitrogen co-doped single-layered graphene quantum dots: a high-affinity platform for visualizing the dynamic invasion of HIV DNA into living cells through fluorescence resonance energy transfer

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Super-Cationic Carbon Quantum Dots Synthesized from Spermidine as an Eye Drop Formulation for Topical Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis

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Preparation of BODIPY- fullerene and monostyryl BODIPY-fullerene dyads as heavy atom free singlet oxygen generators

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Biocompatible Chitosan-Carbon Dot Hybrid Nanogels for NIR-Imaging-Guided Synergistic Photothermal-Chemo Therapy

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Two-Photon Photoexcited Photodynamic Therapy and Contrast Agent with Antimicrobial Graphene Quantum Dots

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Carbon quantum dots directly generated from electrochemical oxidation of graphite electrodes in alkaline alcohols and the applications for specific ferric ion detection and cell imaging

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Toxicity of carbon dots - Effect of surface functionalization on the cell viability, reactive oxygen species generation and cell cycle

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Facile and Purification-Free Synthesis of Nitrogenated Amphiphilic Graphitic Carbon Dots

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Synthesis of Self-Assembled Spermidine-Carbon Quantum Dots Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

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Improving the functionality of carbon nanodots: doping and surface functionalization

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2016)

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Heteroatom-doped carbon dots: synthesis, characterization, properties, photoluminescence mechanism and biological applications

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Carbon quantum dot-based nanoprobes for metal ion detection

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FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2016)

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Two-Photon Sensing and Imaging of Endogenous Biological Cyanide in Plant Tissues Using Graphene Quantum Dot/Gold Nanoparticle Conjugate

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Red-Emissive Carbon Dots for Fluorescent, Photoacoustic, and Thermal Theranostics in Living Mice

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Non-Conjugated Polymer Dots with Crosslink-Enhanced Emission in the Absence of Fluorophore Units

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Fluorescence Origin of Nanodiamonds

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The photoluminescence mechanism in carbon dots (graphene quantum dots, carbon nanodots, and polymer dots): current state and future perspective

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Graphene and carbon nanodots in mesoporous materials: an interactive platform for functional applications

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Investigation from chemical structure to photoluminescent mechanism: a type of carbon dots from the pyrolysis of citric acid and an amine

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Tailoring color emissions from N-doped graphene quantum dots for bioimaging applications

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Impact of Carbon Nano-Onions on Hydra vulgaris as a Model Organism for Nanoecotoxicology

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Highly surface functionalized carbon nano-onions for bright light bioimaging

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Glowing Graphene Quantum Dots and Carbon Dots: Properties, Syntheses, and Biological Applications

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Non-covalent functionalization of carbon nano-onions with pyrene-BODIPY dyads for biological imaging

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Functional Surface Engineering of C-Dots for Fluorescent Biosensing and in Vivo Bioimaging

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ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2014)

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Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots: Facile synthesis and application as a turn-off' fluorescent probe for detection of Hg2+ ions

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Functional Nanomaterials for Phototherapies of Cancer

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CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2014)

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Nitrogen-Vacancy color center in diamond - emerging nanoscale applications in bioimaging and biosensing

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CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2014)

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Carbon dots-Emerging light emitters for bioimaging, cancer therapy and optoelectronics

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Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) functionalized carbon nano-onions for high resolution cellular imaging

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NANOSCALE (2014)

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Luminescent graphene quantum dots as new fluorescent materials for environmental and biological applications

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TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2014)

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A graphene quantum dot photodynamic therapy agent with high singlet oxygen generation

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2014)

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Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications

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BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Gram scale synthesis of green fluorescent water-soluble onion-like carbon nanoparticles from camphor and polystyrene foam

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Carbon-based quantum dots for fluorescence imaging of cells and tissues

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RSC ADVANCES (2014)

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Formation mechanism and optimization of highly luminescent N-doped graphene quantum dots

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2014)

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NIR fluorescence labelled carbon nano-onions: synthesis, analysis and cellular imaging

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2014)

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A green fullerene derivative as a fluoride ion sensor

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers (2014)

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Photoluminescence Properties of Graphene versus Other Carbon Nanomaterials

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ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2013)

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Sensing and Imaging of Oxygen with Parts per Billion Limits of Detection and Based on the Quenching of the Delayed Fluorescence of 13C70 Fullerene in Polymer Hosts

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2013)

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Carbon nanotubes as an auxiliary catalyst in heterojunction photocatalysis for solar hydrogen

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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2013)

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Etching single-wall carbon nanotubes into green and yellow single-layer graphene quantum dots

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Simple synthesis of ultra-small nanodiamonds with tunable size and photoluminescence

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CARBON (2013)

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Functionalizing Nanoparticles with Biological Molecules: Developing Chemistries that Facilitate Nanotechnology

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CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2013)

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Six-Membered Spirocycle Triggered Probe for Visualizing Hg2+ in Living Cells and Bacteria-EPS-Mineral Aggregates

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Light-Triggered Theranostics Based on Photosensitizer-Conjugated Carbon Dots for Simultaneous Enhanced-Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy

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Highly sensitive and selective detection of silver(I) ion using nano-C-60 as an effective fluorescent sensing platform

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Microwave assisted one-step green synthesis of cell-permeable multicolor photoluminescent carbon dots without surface passivation reagents

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SMALL (2011)

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TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2011)

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Hydrothermal Route for Cutting Graphene Sheets into Blue-Luminescent Graphene Quantum Dots

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Blue Photoluminescence from Chemically Derived Graphene Oxide

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Oxygen-proof fluorescence temperature sensing with pristine C-70 encapsulated in polymer nanoparticles

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Functionalization of Multilayer Fullerenes (Carbon Nano-Onions) using Diazonium Compounds and Click Chemistry

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The Superatom States of Fullerenes and Their Hybridization into the Nearly Free Electron Bands of Fullerites

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Determination of Size, Morphology, and Nitrogen Impurity Location in Treated Detonation Nanodiamond by Transmission Electron Microscopy

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An Aqueous Route to Multicolor Photoluminescent Carbon Dots Using Silica Spheres as Carriers

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Nanodiamond Particles: Properties and Perspectives for Bioapplications

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CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIENCES (2009)

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Influence of buffer composition on the capillary electrophoretic separation of carbon nanoparticles

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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A (2009)

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Pyridyl-functionalized and water-soluble carbon nano onions: First supramolecular complexes of carbon nano onions

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CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS (2008)

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Doped Carbon Nanoparticles as a New Platform for Highly Photoluminescent Dots

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Prospects and research progress in nano onion-like fullerenes

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NEW CARBON MATERIALS (2008)

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Carbon dots for multiphoton bioimaging

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2007)

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An optical thermometer based on the delayed fluorescence of C70

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CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2007)

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Study on high-efficiency fluorescent microcapsules doped with europium beta-diketone complex by LbL self-assembly

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Optical sensing and imaging of trace oxygen with record response

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Structural aspects of fullerene chemistry - A journey through fullerene chirality

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Quantum-sized carbon dots for bright and colorful photoluminescence

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2006)

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Experimental study of industrial scale fullerene production by combustion synthesis

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CARBON (2005)

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Electrophoretic analysis and purification of fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube fragments

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Formation of shell-shaped carbon nanoparticles above a critical laser power in irradiated acetylene

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ADVANCED MATERIALS (2004)

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Self-assembled nanoscale biosensors based on quantum dot FRET donors

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NATURE MATERIALS (2003)

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Functionalized fullerenes in water. The first 10 years of their chemistry, biology, and nanoscience

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ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2003)

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Improved oxidation resistance of single-walled carbon nanotubes produced by arc discharge in a bowl-like cathode

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NANO LETTERS (2002)

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On an improved pyrolytic synthesis of [60]- and [70]-fullerene

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CARBON (2002)

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NATURE (2001)

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Microstructure of ultrananocrystalline diamond films grown by microwave Ar-CH4 plasma chemical vapor deposition with or without added H2

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS (2001)

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Electronic properties of doped fullerenes

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REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS (2001)

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Fullerene C60 immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

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ANALUSIS (2000)

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Carbon onions formation by high-dose carbon ion implantation into copper and silver

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Circumtrindene:: A geodesic dome of molecular dimensions.: Rational synthesis of 60% of C60

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2000)

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