Plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis: Packed catalysts act as plasma modifiers

Article Engineering, Environmental

Prevailing surface reactions in the plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis with Ru/CeO2 and Ru/Ti-CeO2

T. A. B. J. van Raak et al.

Summary: This research aimed to investigate one of the rate-limiting steps of the plasma process, which is N-2 bond breaking. The addition of TiO2 in the catalysts improved the energy efficiency of the plasma-catalytic NH3 synthesis.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor: A combined experimental study and kinetic modeling

J. A. Andersen et al.

Summary: The study investigates the factors affecting ammonia synthesis in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor, using both experiments and a plasma kinetic model. The effects of plasma power, feed flow rate, N2:H2 feed ratio, gas residence time, temperature, and packing material were examined. The results show that increasing the feed flow rate and gas temperature with a packing material present in the plasma can enhance the ammonia synthesis rate.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sustainable NOx production from air in pulsed plasma: elucidating the chemistry behind the low energy consumption

Elise Vervloessem et al.

Summary: N-based fertilisers are crucial for supporting the growing world population, but current industrial N-2 fixation depends heavily on fossil fuels, driving the need for fossil-free pathways. The study presents a pulsed plasma jet for direct NOx production from air, achieving a record-low energy consumption through non-thermal Zeldovich mechanism. The insights gained from this study are important for developing energy-efficient plasma sources for NOx production in the future.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Synergistic Effect of Co-Ni Bimetal on Plasma Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis

Y. Liu et al.

Summary: Plasma synthesis of ammonia is a potential and sustainable way of nitrogen fixation. In this study, a series of M/Al2O3 (M =Co, Ni, Co-Ni) catalysts were investigated for enhancing the synthesis of NH3 from N2 and H2 in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. It was found that the Co-Ni/Al2O3 catalyst had the highest ammonia synthesis rate. Further research revealed that the presence of Co-Ni bimetal enhanced ammonia desorption and plasma discharge.

PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Energy-Efficient Small-Scale Ammonia Synthesis Process with Plasma-enabled Nitrogen Oxidation and Catalytic Reduction of Adsorbed NOx

Lander Hollevoet et al.

Summary: Industrial ammonia production without CO2 emission and with low energy consumption is a major challenge. Current methods relying on thermally activated iron catalysts at high pressure and continuous operation mode are difficult to electrify. Electrochemical solutions face issues with the inertness of nitrogen molecules on electrodes. This study proposes an oxidative route for N-2 activation as an energy-efficient option for small-scale distributed ammonia production with renewable electricity and without intrinsic CO2 footprint.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2022)

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Review Physics, Fluids & Plasmas

Foundations of plasma catalysis for environmental applications

Annemie Bogaerts et al.

Summary: This article aims to introduce the basic knowledge and research progress of plasma catalysis, as well as the status and challenges of technology transfer in its applications.

PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Shielding Protection by Mesoporous Catalysts for Improving Plasma-Catalytic Ambient Ammonia Synthesis

Yaolin Wang et al.

Summary: Plasma catalysis holds promise for decentralized NH3 synthesis using renewable energy, with a bespoke design of supported Ni catalysts showing potential for efficient NH3 production. By depositing Ni active sites on the surface of mesoporous MCM-41, it enhances plasma-catalyst interactions and shields NH3 from decomposition, driving the reaction forward effectively. This demonstrates the importance of rational catalyst design for improving plasma-catalytic processes.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Mechanochemical Synthesis of RuCo/MgTiO3 Catalysts for Nonthermal Plasma-Assisted Ammonia Synthesis

Yuxin Zhang et al.

Summary: The development of robust catalysts is essential for nonthermal plasma-assisted ammonia synthesis. In this study, a mechanochemical synthesis method was used to prepare a bimetallic RuCo/MgTiO3 catalyst for NTP-assisted NH3 synthesis. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were systematically investigated, and it exhibited high NH3 synthesis rate and energy efficiency. However, the energy barrier approach may not be suitable for studying the dynamics of the NTP-catalytic system.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Plasma-catalytic synthesis of ammonia over Ru-based catalysts: Insights into the support effect

Xinbo Zhu et al.

Summary: In this study, the effect of different supports on the plasma-catalytic synthesis of ammonia over Ru-based catalysts in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor was investigated. The presence of Ru-based catalysts significantly enhanced the NH3 production and energy yield. Experimental and analytical methods were used to explore the structure-performance relationships between the catalysts and NH3 synthesis.

JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

The role of heterogeneous catalysts in the plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis

Bhaskar S. Patil et al.

Summary: This paper investigates the production of ammonia using 16 different catalysts supported on gamma-Al2O3 in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The most efficient catalysts were found to be 2 wt% Rh/Al2O3 and 5 wt% Ni/Al2O3, showing high ammonia yield and energy efficiency.

CATALYSIS TODAY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Plasma catalytic ammonia synthesis on Ni nanoparticles: The size effect

Fnu Gorky et al.

Summary: Ammonia synthesis via atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge plasma over nickel nanoparticles supported on silica showed a significant size effect, with the smallest nanoparticle size sample having at least 2 times higher synthesis rate than the larger nanoparticle size sample and nickel bulk. This study observed the size effect in plasma catalysis for the first time and determined the beneficial gas composition for hydrogen sink metal such as nickel under atmospheric plasma conditions.

JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Al2O3-Supported Transition Metals for Plasma-Catalytic NH3 Synthesis in a DBD Plasma: Metal Activity and Insights into Mechanisms

Yury Gorbanev et al.

Summary: This study investigated the performance of Al2O3-supported Fe, Ru, Co and Cu catalysts in plasma-catalytic NH3 synthesis, finding that the metal activity trend common in thermal catalysis does not apply to plasma catalysis. All metals exhibited similar performance in plasma catalysis, validating a recently published microkinetic model and suggesting potential contributions of radical adsorption and Eley-Rideal reactions to the mechanism of NH3 synthesis in plasma-catalytic processes.

CATALYSTS (2021)

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Review Energy & Fuels

Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

Seyedehhoma Ghavam et al.

Summary: Recent studies have focused on finding environmentally friendly, energy efficient, and economically viable production processes for ammonia synthesis due to its importance in agriculture and potential as an energy carrier. However, the commonly used Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production has high greenhouse gas emissions and energy usage. Sustainable hydrogen production methods like water electrolysis coupled with renewable technologies are being explored, but they require large amounts of pretreated water. A comparative life cycle assessment of various ammonia production methods shows that significant GHG emissions or high volumes of water are still present in these technologies.

FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Insights on cold plasma ammonia synthesis and decomposition using alkaline earth metal-based perovskites

Fnu Gorky et al.

Summary: The study found that MgTiO3 perovskite can significantly enhance the synthesis of ammonia, with a higher yield compared to traditional oxides and microporous crystals. Ammonia decomposition increased as plasma power increased, indicating the need to design appropriate plasma reactors to avoid further collisions.

CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis beyond thermal equilibrium on Ru-based catalysts in non-thermal plasma

Kevin H. R. Rouwenhorst et al.

Summary: Recent research has shown that at temperatures above 300 degrees C, Ru catalysts exhibit significant thermal activity for NH3 synthesis, while at temperatures below 300 degrees C, plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis is mainly attributed to adsorption of N radicals.

CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Enhancement of the Yield of Ammonia by Hydrogen-Sink Effect during Plasma Catalysis

Javishk Shah et al.

CHEMCATCHEM (2020)

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Article Physics, Applied

Ammonia synthesis over γ-Al2O3 pellets in a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor

Xinbo Zhu et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Towards Green Ammonia Synthesis through Plasma-Driven Nitrogen Oxidation and Catalytic Reduction

Lander Hollevoet et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Plasma-Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis in a DBD Plasma: Role of Microdischarges and Their Afterglows

K. van 't Veer et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2020)

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Article Physics, Applied

Properties of MgAl2O4 doped alumina barrier layers for dielectric barrier discharge

R. Pribyl et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2020)

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Article Physics, Applied

The 2020 plasma catalysis roadmap

Annemie Bogaerts et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2020)

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Article Physics, Applied

Plasma-enhanced NH3synthesis over activated carbon-based catalysts: Effect of active metal phase

Xueli Hu et al.

PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unraveling Discharge and Surface Mechanisms in Plasma-Assisted Ammonia Reactions

Paula Navascues et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Identifying Surface Reaction Intermediates in Plasma Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis

Lea R. Winter et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Plasma-driven catalysis: green ammonia synthesis with intermittent electricity

Kevin H. R. Rouwenhorst et al.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

An Electrochemical Haber-Bosch Process

Vasileios Kyriakou et al.

JOULE (2020)

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Article Physics, Applied

The impact of transition metal catalysts on macroscopic dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) characteristics in an ammonia synthesis plasma catalysis reactor

Francisco A. Herrera et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Ceramics

Trace nanoscale Al2O3-MgAl2O4 castable for improved thermal shock performance

Peixiong Zhang et al.

CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL (2019)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

How process parameters and packing materials tune chemical equilibrium and kinetics in plasma-based CO2 conversion

Y. Uytdenhouwen et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Plasma-Enhanced Catalytic Synthesis of Ammonia over a Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst at Near-Room Temperature: Insights into the Importance of the Catalyst Surface on the Reaction Mechanism

Yaolin Wang et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2019)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

The Future Challenges of Food and Agriculture: An Integrated Analysis of Trends and Solutions

Ozgul Calicioglu et al.

SUSTAINABILITY (2019)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

A packed-bed DBD micro plasma reactor for CO2 dissociation: Does size matter?

Y. Uytdenhouwen et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Facile preparation of CeO2 microspheres with high surface area by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

Shou-Feng Xue et al.

GREEN PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Overcoming ammonia synthesis scaling relations with plasma-enabled catalysis

Prateek Mehta et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2018)

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Article Physics, Applied

Influence of Gap Size and Dielectric Constant of the Packing Material on the Plasma Behaviour in a Packed Bed DBD Reactor: A Fluid Modelling Study

Koen Van Laer et al.

PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS (2017)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Process Intensification in Ammonia Synthesis Using Novel Coassembled Supported Microporous Catalysts Promoted by Nonthermal Plasma

Galip Akay et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2017)

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Promotion effect of lanthanum on the Co/La/Ba ammonia synthesis catalysts-the influence of lanthanum content

Magdalena Zybert et al.

APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL (2016)

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The advantage of ceria loading over V2O5/Al2O3 catalyst for vapor phase oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene using CO2 as a soft oxidant

Venkata Ramesh Babu Gurram et al.

APPLIED PETROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Plasma N2-fixation: 1900-2014

B. S. Patil et al.

CATALYSIS TODAY (2015)

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Article Energy & Fuels

A review of the existing and alternative methods for greener nitrogen fixation

N. Cherkasov et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The Challenge of Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis: A New Perspective on the Role of Nitrogen Scaling Relations

Joseph H. Montoya et al.

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The effect of molecular structure, band gap energy and morphology on the dc electrical conductivity of polyaniline/aluminium oxide composites

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Effect of Argon or Helium on the CO2 Conversion in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Properties and activity of the cobalt catalysts for NH3 synthesis obtained by co-precipitation - the effect of lanthanum addition

Magdalena Zybert et al.

POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (2015)

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Novel three-dimensional Co3O4 dendritic superstructures: hydrothermal synthesis, formation mechanism and magnetic properties

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Morphology oriented surfactant dependent CoO and reaction time dependent Co3O4 nanocrystals from single synthesis method and their optical and magnetic properties

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Synthesis of ammonia directly from air and water at ambient temperature and pressure

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Formation of CoAl2O4 Nanoparticles via Low-Temperature Solid-State Reaction of Fine Gibbsite and Cobalt Precursor

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JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS (2012)

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Cobalt Catalyst Doped with Cerium and Barium Obtained by Co-Precipitation Method for Ammonia Synthesis Process

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CATALYSIS LETTERS (2011)

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Synthesis, structure and optical properties of CoAl2O4 spinel nanocrystals

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Dry reforming of methane over a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst in a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge reactor

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Influence of the surface conductivity on the stability of a glow dielectric-barrier discharge

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Ferromagnetic multipods fabricated by solution phase synthesis and hydrogen reduction

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS (2007)

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Structural, electronic, and dielectric properties of amorphous ZrO2 from ab initio molecular dynamics -: art. no. 085107

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Plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis: Packed catalysts act as plasma modifiers

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