Fitness changes in wild soybean caused by gene flow from genetically modified soybean

BackgroundCrop-wild hybridization has generated great concerns since gene flow can be an avenue for transgene escape. However, a rather limited number of studies on risk assessment regarding the dispersion of transgenes from GM soybean to populations of its wild relatives have been previously conducted.ResultsThe results of the 3-year experiment demonstrated that hybrids between GM soybeans and wild soybean had lower seed germination and higher seed productivity than GM soybean. Both of these features of hybrid (especially F2 and F3) were similar to those of wild soybean. Furthermore, the foreign protein was stably expressed in hybrid EPSPS positive plants; however, no difference was observed in agronomic measurements between hybrids that are glyphosate sensitive or resistant, homozygous or heterozygous for the transgene, indicating that the presence of the EPSPS transgene does not affect the vigor of hybrid. In contrast, hybridization between GM soybean and wild soybean may have more impact on hybrid growth and fecundity, this increase in biomass and yield confers a potential competition benefit to hybrids.ConclusionsGene flow from GM soybean to wild soybean has the potential to promote the adaptability of hybrids and may increase the possibility of dispersal of transgenes in wild soybean relatives.

Automated summary

The background of crop-wild hybridization has raised concerns due to potential gene flow and transgene escape. Results of a 3-year experiment show that hybrids between GM soybeans and wild soybeans exhibit lower seed germination and higher seed productivity compared to GM soybeans, with similar traits to wild soybeans. The presence of foreign protein is stable in EPSPS positive plants, and the EPSPS transgene does not affect hybrid vigor. Hybrids between GM soybeans and wild soybeans may have a greater impact on growth and fecundity, providing a potential competitive advantage.