Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a feasible alternative for an integrated multiproduct lignocellulosic biorefinery

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are considered an alternative to fossil fuel-based plastics. However, in spite of their interesting properties and their multiple applications, PHAs have not taken off as an industrial development. The reason is mainly due to the associated high-production costs, which represent a significant constraint. In recent years, the interest in lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) derived from crop, forestry or municipal waste byproducts has been growing, since LCB is plentiful, cheap, renewable and sustainable. On this matter, the valorization of LCB into PHAs represents a promising route within circular economy strategies. However, much effort still needs to be made to improve the bioconversion yields and to enhance PHA production efficiency. So, this review focuses on reviewing the different options for PHA synthesis from LCB, stressing the progress in biomass deconstruction, enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial conversion. In addition, some of the current biological strategies for improving the process of bioconversion are discussed.

Automated summary

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are potential alternatives to fossil fuel-based plastics. However, the high production costs have hindered their industrial development. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), derived from waste byproducts, shows promise for PHA synthesis due to its abundance, low cost, renewability, and sustainability. This review discusses the progress in biomass deconstruction, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial conversion for PHA production from LCB. It also explores current biological strategies to improve the bioconversion process.