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The role of lipid scramblases in regulating lipid distributions at cellular membranes

BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Targeting Xkr8 via nanoparticle-mediated in situ co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapy drugs for cancer immunochemotherapy

Yuang Chen et al.

Summary: The activation of scramblases, a mechanism that regulates the exposure of phosphatidylserine on cell surfaces, plays an important role in tumor immunosuppression. In this study, the researchers found that chemotherapeutic agents induce overexpression of a specific scramblase, Xkr8, in cancer cells. They developed a nanocarrier that can deliver Xkr8 short interfering RNA and a cancer prodrug to tumors, leading to significant inhibition of tumor growth and increased antitumor immune response in animal models. Targeting Xkr8 in combination with chemotherapy may be a promising strategy for treating different types of cancers.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2023)

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Article Immunology

VMP1 prevents Ca2+ overload in endoplasmic reticulum and maintains naive T cell survival

Ying Liu et al.

Summary: Liu et al. demonstrate the crucial role of VMP1 in the release of Ca2+ from the ER in resting cells. Deficiency of VMP1 in T cells results in ER Ca2+ overload and massive apoptosis. VMP1 is essential for maintaining ER Ca2+ homeostasis in naive T cells and its deficiency leads to ER stress, secondary Ca2+ overload in mitochondria, and defective T cell response.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mfsd2a utilizes a flippase mechanism to mediate omega-3 fatty acid lysolipid transport

Geok-Lin Chua et al.

Summary: Mfsd2a is a sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine transporter expressed at the blood-brain barrier that is crucial for omega-3 fatty acid transport and brain development. Although the transport mechanism of Mfsd2a has been proposed through cryo-EM structures, the biochem-ical evidence of flippase activity and sodium-dependent LPC inversion is still lacking. In this study, an in vitro assay using recombinant Mfsd2a reconstituted in liposomes was established to demonstrate the flipping of lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane bilayer in a sodium-dependent manner. Through cryo-EM structures, mutagenesis, and cell-based transport assay, amino acid residues important for Mfsd2a activity were identified, providing direct biochemical evidence of Mfsd2a functioning as a lysolipid flippase.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

VMP1 affects endoplasmic reticulum stress sensitivity via differential modulation of the three unfolded protein response arms

Tao Li et al.

Summary: By studying cells deficient in vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1), a regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), researchers have uncovered a model of UPR regulation in which the three signaling pathways are controlled in different ways. Under basal conditions, calcium binding activates PERK, while under ER stress, ER-mitochondria interaction-induced mitochondrial stress works with PERK to suppress IRE1a and ATF6 by slowing down protein synthesis. This sophisticated regulation limits UPR activation and protects cells from chronic ER stress.

CELL REPORTS (2023)

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Review Biophysics

Phospholipid Scrambling by G Protein-Coupled Receptors

George Khelashvili et al.

Summary: The rapid flip-flop of phospholipids across the two leaflets of biological membranes is crucial for many aspects of cellular life. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as opsins, exhibit constitutive scramblase activity in vitro, with opsins scrambling lipids at a unitary rate of >100,000 per second. This review discusses the physiological significance of GPCR scramblase activity and its regulation in cells.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Vps13-like proteins provide phosphatidylethanolamine for GPI anchor synthesis in the ER

Alexandre Toulmay et al.

Summary: Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) is a glycolipid membrane anchor found on surface proteins in all eukaryotes. Efficient GPI anchor synthesis requires Csf1, a tube-forming lipid transport protein that interacts with Mcd4 at contact sites between the ER and other organelles. Csf1 orthologues in human cells also support GPI anchor biosynthesis.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Requirement of Xk and Vps13a for the P2X7-mediated phospholipid scrambling and cell lysis in mouse T cells

Yuta Ryoden et al.

Summary: XK and VPS13A are essential for the exposure of phosphatidylserine mediated by P2X7 receptor in T cells, with XK located on the plasma membrane and VPS13A acting as a lipid transporter in the cytoplasm. Blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that XK and VPS13A interact at the membrane, indicating their role in maintaining homeostasis in the immune and nerve systems.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Structural and biochemical insights into lipid transport by VPS13 proteins

Jyoti Adlakha et al.

Summary: VPS13 proteins act as bridges between organelles, facilitating directional and bulk lipid transport. They are anchored between membranes through interactions with receptors. The study reveals that Mcp1p and XK, two integral membrane proteins that interact with VPS13A, are scramblases.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Lack of VMP1 impairs hepatic lipoprotein secretion and promotes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Xiaoxiao Jiang et al.

Summary: VMP1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and secretion.

JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Genome-wide CRISPR screen reveals CLPTM1L as a lipid scramblase required for efficient glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis

Yicheng Wang et al.

Summary: Researchers have identified a protein called CLPTM1L that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs), complex glycolipids involved in cell surface protein anchoring. CLPTM1L acts as a scramblase, facilitating the translocation of GlcN-PI from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol for efficient GPI biosynthesis.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

A novel superfamily of bridge-like lipid transfer proteins

Sarah D. Neuman et al.

Summary: This article reviews the recent understanding of the structure of bridge-like lipid transfer proteins and identifies the repeating beta-groove (RBG) domain as a new modular unit. This new structural understanding provides a conceptual unification of all RBG domain-containing lipid transfer proteins as members of an RBG protein superfamily. The biological functions of these lipid transporters in normal physiology and disease are examined, and the evolutionary origins of RBG proteins in bacteria are speculated.

TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

TMEM16 scramblases thin the membrane to enable lipid scrambling

Maria E. Falzone et al.

Summary: The study reveals that afTMEM16 thins the membrane to enable lipid flipping, and an open hydrophilic pathway is not a structural requirement for rapid transbilayer movement of lipids.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

ATG9A and ATG2A form a heteromeric complex essential for autophagosome formation

Alexander R. van Vliet et al.

Summary: ATG9A and ATG2A are essential core members of the autophagy machinery. Researchers have identified the molecular details of their interaction and demonstrated their importance for autophagy using structural modeling and functional activity analysis.

MOLECULAR CELL (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Amelioration of SARS-CoV-2 infection by ANO6 phospholipid scramblase inhibition

Ju-Ri Sim et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of ANO6/TMEM16F-mediated cell surface exposure of phosphatidylserine in SARS-CoV-2 entry and the effectiveness of ANO6-selective inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infections. A6-001, a potent ANO6 inhibitor, shows promising results in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection and viral replication.

CELL REPORTS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A partnership between the lipid scramblase XK and the lipid transfer protein VPS13A at the plasma membrane

Andres Guillen-Samander et al.

Summary: Chorea-acanthocytosis and McLeod syndrome are diseases caused by mutations in VPS13A and XK genes, respectively, with common features of degenerated caudate neurons and abnormally shaped erythrocytes. VPS13A can be localized at ER-plasma membrane contacts by binding to the cytosolic loop of XK, suggesting its involvement in lipid transfer between the ER and the plasma membrane.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Mobilizing phospholipids on tumor plasma membrane implicates phosphatidylserine externalization blockade for cancer immunotherapy

Weihong Wang et al.

Summary: This study reveals the important role of phosphatidylserine (PS) redistribution in tumor development and immune response during apoptosis.

CELL REPORTS (2022)

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Article Biology

The allosteric mechanism leading to an open-groove lipid conductive state of the TMEM16F scramblase

George Khelashvili et al.

Summary: TMEM16F is a phospholipid scramblase in the TMEM16 family, which is activated by Ca2+ ions. This study reveals an allosteric mechanism that leads to an open-groove state of the protein, allowing phospholipid scrambling. The opening of the groove is connected to the destabilization of Ca2+ ions and the dynamics of specific protein regions.

COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Rescue of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein Biosynthesis Using Synthetic Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Oligosaccharides

Paula A. Guerrero et al.

Summary: The design, synthesis, and use of GPI fragments are reported as a potential treatment for inherited GPI deficiencies, with synthetic compounds showing promising activity in rescuing GPI biosynthesis in vitro.

ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genetic Screens Identify Host Factors for SARS-CoV-2 and Common Cold Coronaviruses

Ruofan Wang et al.

Summary: The study identified common host factors for three coronaviruses and critical host pathways supporting infection by all of them, including phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Inhibition of these pathways reduced replication of all three coronaviruses, while the lysosomal protein TMEM106B appeared unique to SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings provide important insights for understanding the coronavirus life cycle and developing host-directed therapies.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genome-Scale Identification of SARS-CoV-2 and Pan-coronavirus Host Factor Networks

William M. Schneider et al.

Summary: The study revealed the host factors and pathways involved in SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal coronavirus infections, providing a rich resource for developing therapeutic strategies for future coronavirus pandemics.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

TMEM41B Is a Pan-flavivirus Host Factor

H. Heinrich Hoffmann et al.

Summary: Flaviviruses pose a constant threat to human health, being transmitted by infected mosquitoes and ticks, and causing regular outbreaks. Through full-genome loss of function CRISPR-Cas9 screens, TMEM41B and VMP1 were identified as key factors in flavivirus infection. TMEM41B was found to be essential for all tested members of the Flaviviridae family, as well as for SARS-CoV-2 of the Coronaviridae. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in nearly 20% of East Asian populations were shown to reduce flavivirus infection.

CELL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Complexity of the eukaryotic dolichol-linked oligosaccharide scramblase suggested by activity correlation profiling mass spectrometry

Alice Verchere et al.

Summary: Identification of the membrane protein responsible for the translocation of M5-DLO across the ER membrane, crucial for N-glycosylation, remains elusive. Data suggest that the activity of M5-DLO scramblase may be regulated at the level of quaternary structure, leading to the need for further investigation into the mechanisms involved.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Receptor-Mediated ER Export of Lipoproteins Controls Lipid Homeostasis in Mice and Humans

Xiao Wang et al.

Summary: The efficient delivery of specific cargos in vivo is quantitatively regulated by the GTPase SAR1B and the high-efficiency cargo receptor SURF4. Hepatic inactivation of Sar1b or Surf4 in mice selectively depletes plasma lipids to near-zero levels and protects the mice from atherosclerosis. These findings suggest a specialized, dosage-sensitive transport program for circulating lipids that may have potential therapeutic implications for atherosclerosis and related cardio-metabolic diseases.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Receptor-like role for PQLC2 amino acid transporter in the lysosomal sensing of cationic amino acids

Gabriel Talaia et al.

Summary: This study reveals the mechanism of WDR41-PQLC2 interaction, showing that the interaction is mediated by a short peptide motif in a flexible loop extended from the WDR41 beta-propeller. This finding helps to understand how substrate transport regulates the impact of the protein complex on lysosome function.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Genome-scale CRISPR screen identifies TMEM41B as a multi-function host factor required for coronavirus replication

Limeng Sun et al.

Summary: Our study identified potential therapeutic targets for common RNA viruses and revealed that targeting TMEM41B is a highly promising approach for the development of broad-spectrum anti-viral therapeutics. The KO of TMEM41B can strongly inhibit viral infection and delay the progression of a CoV disease, indicating its critical role in the replication cycle of coronaviruses.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

TMEM41B acts as an ER scramblase required for lipoprotein biogenesis and lipid homeostasis

Dong Huang et al.

Summary: This study revealed the role of TMEM41B in phospholipid shuttling process, highlighting its critical importance in maintaining ER function and lipid homeostasis.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

TMEM41B and VMP1 are scramblases and regulate the distribution of cholesterol and phosphatidylserine

Yang Emma Li et al.

Summary: TMEM41B and VMP1 are integral membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum, regulating the formation of lipid droplets and lipoproteins, and playing a crucial role in viral infection. They act as phospholipid scramblases, affecting the cellular distribution of cholesterol and phosphatidylserine.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Caspase cleavage releases a nuclear protein fragment that stimulates phospholipid scrambling at the plasma membrane

Masahiro Maruoka et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that a nuclear protein fragment, XRCC4, released by caspase-mediated cleavage, directly interacts with the Xkr4 dimer to activate its function on regulating lipid dynamics on the plasma membrane.

MOLECULAR CELL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A model for a partnership of lipid transfer proteins and scramblases in membrane expansion and organelle biogenesis

Alireza Ghanbarpour et al.

Summary: ATG2 interacts with TMEM41B, VMP1, and ATG9 in Golgi-derived vesicles to initiate autophagosome formation, with TMEM41B and VMP1 playing key roles in lipid homeostasis and membrane dynamics processes.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Arginine-selective modulation of the lysosomal transporter PQLC2 through a gate-tuning mechanism

Xavier Leray et al.

Summary: This study quantitatively investigated the transport activity of PQLC2 and revealed that it operates in a uniporter mode, uncoupled from the steep lysosomal proton gradient, enabling bidirectional cationic amino acid transport. It was also discovered that the specific presence of arginine in the discharge compartment impaired PQLC2 transport activity.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

TMEM16F and dynamins control expansive plasma membrane reservoirs

Christine Deisl et al.

Summary: Cells locally regulate their surface expansion and retraction in response to environmental factors through mechanisms involving membrane adapter dynamin and lipid scramblase TMEM16F. These mechanisms allow cells to dynamically adjust their plasma membrane to changes in membrane tension and phospholipid scrambling, ultimately maintaining cellular homeostasis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

ATP-binding cassette transporters mediate differential biosynthesis of glycosphingolipid species

Monique Budani et al.

Summary: By using cleavable, biotinylated, photoreactive GlcCer analogs, it was found that multiple ABC transporters act as cytosolic GlcCer-binding proteins, with different roles in various GSL synthesis pathways. The utilization of different ABC family members may fine-tune GSL biosynthesis depending on cell/tissue type.

JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

PQLC2 recruits the C9orf72 complex to lysosomes in response to cationic amino acid starvation

Joseph Amick et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biosynthesis and biology of mammalian GPI-anchored proteins

Taroh Kinoshita

OPEN BIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

TMEM16K is an interorganelle regulator of endosomal sorting

Maja Petkovic et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure, lipid scrambling activity and role in autophagosome formation of ATG9A

Shintaro Maeda et al.

NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Atg9 is a lipid scramblase that mediates autophagosomal membrane expansion

Kazuaki Matoba et al.

NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural and functional consequences of reversible lipid asymmetry in living membranes

Milka Doktorova et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Targeting phosphatidylserine for Cancer therapy: prospects and challenges

Wenguang Chang et al.

THERANOSTICS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The PQ-loop protein Any1 segregates Drs2 and Neo1 functions required for viability and plasma membrane phospholipid asymmetry

Mehmet Takar et al.

JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Phosphorylation-mediated activation of mouse Xkr8 scramblase for phosphatidylserine exposure

Takaharu Sakuragi et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

CRISPR screening using an expanded toolkit of autophagy reporters identifies TMEM41B as a novel autophagy factor

Christopher J. Shoemaker et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Predominant localization of phosphatidylserine at the cytoplasmic leaflet of the ER, and its TMEM16K-dependent redistribution

Takuma Tsuji et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

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Article Cell Biology

Cryo-EM Studies of TMEM16F Calcium-Activated Ion Channel Suggest Features Important for Lipid Scrambling

Shengjie Feng et al.

CELL REPORTS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The structural basis of lipid scrambling and inactivation in the endoplasmic reticulum scramblase TMEM16K

K. Simon R. Bushell et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Biology

Structural basis of Ca2+-dependent activation and lipid transport by a TMEM16 scramblase

Maria E. Falzone et al.

ELIFE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

TMEM16F activation by Ca2+ triggers plasma membrane expansion and directs PD-1 trafficking

Christopher Bricogne et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Lipids surf the groove in scramblases

Angela Ballesteros et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Out-of-the-groove transport of lipids by TMEM16 and GPCR scramblases

Mattia Malvezzi et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanisms of Lipid Scrambling by the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Opsin

Giulia Morra et al.

STRUCTURE (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

TMEM41B is a novel regulator of autophagy and lipid mobilization

Francesca Moretti et al.

EMBO REPORTS (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies TMEM41B as a gene required for autophagosome formation

Keigo Morita et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Cfs1p, a Novel Membrane Protein in the PQ-Loop Family, Is Involved in Phospholipid Flippase Functions in Yeast

Takaharu Yamamoto et al.

G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS (2017)

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Letter Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Potential dual function of PQ-loop proteins such as cystinosin

Vladimir Saudek

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The ER-Localized Transmembrane Protein EPG-3/VMP1 Regulates SERCA Activity to Control ER-Isolation Membrane Contacts for Autophagosome Formation

Yan G. Zhao et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Characterization of the scrambling domain of the TMEM16 family

Sayuri Gyobu et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2017)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface

S. Nagata et al.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2016)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

Mitochondrial lipid transport and biosynthesis: A complex balance

Bruno Mesmin

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Atomistic insight into lipid translocation by a TMEM16 scramblase

Neville P. Bethel et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Xkr8 phospholipid scrambling complex in apoptotic phosphatidylserine exposure

Jun Suzuki et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Exploring genetic suppression interactions on a global scale

Jolanda van Leeuwen et al.

SCIENCE (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tissue-based map of the human proteome

Mathias Uhlen et al.

SCIENCE (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Exposure of Phosphatidylserine by Xk-related Protein Family Members during Apoptosis

Jun Suzuki et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2014)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

X-ray structure of a calcium-activated TMEM16 lipid scramblase

Janine D. Brunner et al.

NATURE (2014)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Glycosphingolipids: synthesis and functions

Giovanni D'Angelo et al.

FEBS JOURNAL (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Glycoprotein Biosynthesis in a Eukaryote Lacking the Membrane Protein Rft1

Jennifer Jelk et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Calcium-dependent Phospholipid Scramblase Activity of TMEM16 Protein Family Members

Jun Suzuki et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Xk-Related Protein 8 and CED-8 Promote Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Apoptotic Cells

Jun Suzuki et al.

SCIENCE (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scrambling by a reconstituted TMEM16 ion channel

Mattia Malvezzi et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

TMEM16F Forms a Ca2+-Activated Cation Channel Required for Lipid Scrambling in Platelets during Blood Coagulation

Huanghe Yang et al.

CELL (2012)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cystinosin, MPDU1, SWEETs and KDELR Belong to a Well-Defined Protein Family with Putative Function of Cargo Receptors Involved in Vesicle Trafficking

Vladimir Saudek

PLOS ONE (2012)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Heptahelical protein PQLC2 is a lysosomal cationic amino acid exporter underlying the action of cysteamine in cystinosis therapy

Adrien Jezegou et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2012)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanism of proton/substrate coupling in the heptahelical lysosomal transporter cystinosin

Raquel Ruivo et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2012)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Opsin Is a Phospholipid Flippase

Indu Menon et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2011)

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Review Biophysics

The Distribution and Function of Phosphatidylserine in Cellular Membranes

Peter A. Leventis et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS, VOL 39 (2010)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Calcium-dependent phospholipid scrambling by TMEM16F

Jun Suzuki et al.

NATURE (2010)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Stereoselective transbilayer translocation of mannosyl phosphoryl dolichol by an endoplasmic reticulum flippase

Sumana Sanyal et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2010)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Flipping Lipids: Why an' What's the Reason for?

Sumana Sanyat et al.

ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2009)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Human RFT1 deficiency leads to a disorder of N-linked glycosylation

Micha A. Haeuptle et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2008)

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Article Cell Biology

Vacuole membrane protein 1 is an endoplasmic reticulum protein required for organelle biogenesis, protein secretion, and development

Javier Calvo-Garrido et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL (2008)

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Letter Multidisciplinary Sciences

Does Rft1 flip an N-glycan lipid precursor?

Christian G. Frank et al.

NATURE (2008)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lipid flippases and their biological functions

T. Pomorski et al.

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES (2006)

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Article Cell Biology

Starvation and ULK1-dependent cycling of mammalian Atg9 between the TGN and endosomes

Andrew R. J. Young et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE (2006)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flip-flop of glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPI's) across the ER

RA Vishwakarma et al.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2005)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Functional reconstitution into proteoliposomes and partial purification of a rat liver ER transport system for a water-soluble analogue of mannosylphosphoryldolichol

JS Rush et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2004)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Translocation of lipid-linked oligosaccharides across the ER membrane requires Rft1 protein

J Helenius et al.

NATURE (2002)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cloning and expression of the rat vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1), a new gene activated in pancreas with acute pancreatitis, which promotes vacuole formation

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BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2002)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The ins(ide) and outs(ide) of dolichyl phosphate biosynthesis and recycling in the endoplasmic reticulum

B Schenk et al.

GLYCOBIOLOGY (2001)

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Article Cell Biology

Requirement of the Lec35 gene for all known classes of monosaccharide-P-dolichol-dependent glycosyltransferase reactions in mammals

M Anand et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL (2001)

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The transbilayer distribution of phospholipids in disc membranes is a dynamic equilibrium - Evidence for rapid flip and flop movement

E Hessel et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY (2000)

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