Properties of Star Formation of the Large Magellanic Cloud As Probed by Young Stellar Objects

We perform a systematic study of the evolutionary stages and stellar masses of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to investigate the properties of star formation in the galaxy. There are 4825 sources in our YSO sample, which are constructed by combining the previous studies identifying YSOs in the LMC. Spectral energy distributions of the YSOs from optical to infrared wavelengths were fitted with a model consisting of stellar, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and dust emissions. We utilize the stellar-to-dust luminosity ratios thus derived to study the evolutionary stages of the sources; younger YSOs are expected to show lower stellar-to-dust luminosity ratios. We find that most of the YSOs are associated with the interstellar gas across the galaxy, which are younger with more gas, suggesting that more recent star formation is associated with larger amounts of the interstellar medium (ISM). N157 shows a hint of higher stellar-to-dust luminosity ratios between active star-forming regions in the LMC, suggesting that recent star formation in N157 is possibly in later evolutionary stages. We also find that the stellar mass function tends to be bottom-heavy in supergiant shells (SGSs), indicating that gas compression by SGSs may be ineffective in compressing the ISM enough to trigger massive star formation. There is no significant difference in the stellar mass function between YSOs likely associated with the interface between colliding SGSs and those with a single SGS, suggesting that gas compression by collisions between SGSs may also be ineffective for massive star formation.

Automated summary

We conducted a systematic study on the evolutionary stages and stellar masses of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to understand the star formation properties in the galaxy. Our YSO sample consists of 4825 sources identified from previous studies. We fitted the spectral energy distributions of the YSOs from optical to infrared wavelengths using a model containing stellar, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and dust emissions. We analyzed the stellar-to-dust luminosity ratios to determine the evolutionary stages of the YSOs and found that younger YSOs have lower ratios.