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Frameworks for Interpreting the Early Fossil Record of Eukaryotes

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY
卷 77, 期 -, 页码 173-191

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ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-113254

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Precambrian; evolution; Proterozoic; eukaryote; eukaryogenesis; Great Oxidation Event

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The origin of modern eukaryotes is a key transition in life's history, but it remains poorly understood. Two models are presented for the evolution of modern eukaryotes - one suggesting early evolution and the other suggesting late evolution. Fossils are interpreted within these models, providing insights into eukaryote phylogeny and the evolution of eukaryotic cell biology and ecology.
The origin of modern eukaryotes is one of the key transitions in life's history, and also one of the least understood. Although the fossil record provides the most direct view of this process, interpreting the fossils of early eukaryotes and eukaryote-grade organisms is not straightforward.We present two end-member models for the evolution of modern (i.e., crown) eukaryotes-one in which modern eukaryotes evolved early, and another in which they evolved late-and interpret key fossils within these frameworks, including where they might fit in eukaryote phylogeny and what they may tell us about the evolution of eukaryotic cell biology and ecology. Each model has different implications for understanding the rise of complex life on Earth, including different roles of Earth surface oxygenation, and makes different predictions that future paleontological studies can test.

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