Clinicians Doing Research Should Use Their Clinical Expertise to Help Study Participants

Editorial Material Ethics

Researcher Obligations to Participants in Novel COVID-19 Vaccine Research

Benjamin S. Wilfond et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS (2023)

Article Immunology

Host Predictors of Broadly Cross-Reactive Antibodies Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants of Concern Differ Between Infection and Vaccination

Li Tang et al.

Summary: Our study investigates the variability in protective antibody levels against different SARS-CoV-2 variants following infection or vaccination. We found that individuals with increased disease severity, poor metabolic health, and a particular ancestry were more likely to generate cross-reactive antibodies. Vaccination increased cross-reactive antibody levels in all populations, with younger individuals with a healthy weight showing the highest responses. These findings are crucial in informing clinicians about populations who may require additional vaccination.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Review Infectious Diseases

SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness against infection, symptomatic and severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Paddy Ssentongo et al.

Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the duration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy against infection, symptomatic COVID-19, and severe COVID-19. The results showed that the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 decreased over time, while the protection against severe COVID-19 remained high.

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Immunology

SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure history shapes phenotypes and specificity of memory CD8+ T cells

Anastasia A. Minervina et al.

Summary: Thomas and colleagues explore the impact of multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposures on T cell immunity. They find that vaccination after infection leads to expansion of spike-specific T cells, while individuals after breakthrough infection mount vigorous non-spike-specific responses. They also observe that all exposures elicit diverse T cell immune repertoires, with no evidence of repertoire narrowing from repeated exposure.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Serious adverse events of special interest following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in randomized trials in adults

Joseph Fraiman et al.

Summary: This study found that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are associated with an excess risk of serious adverse events, emphasizing the need for formal harm-benefit analyses, particularly those stratified according to risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes.

VACCINE (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

COVID-19 vaccine update: vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters, adverse effects, and immune correlates of protection

Wei-Yu Chi et al.

Summary: This review provides an up-to-date summary of current COVID-19 vaccines, discusses the biological basis and clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants and subvariants, analyzes the effectiveness of different vaccine booster regimens against various SARS-CoV-2 strains, reviews potential mechanisms of vaccine-induced severe adverse events, summarizes current studies on immune correlates of protection, and finally discusses the development of next-generation vaccines.

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Primary Health Care

Challenges and experiences of general practitioners during the course of the Covid-19 pandemic: a northern Italian observational study-cross-sectional analysis and comparison of a two-time survey in primary care

Angelika Mahlknecht et al.

Summary: The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected the work and well-being of general practitioners. The workload of GPs increased, especially during the advanced stages of the pandemic. Communication with health authorities and hospitals needs improvement. Psychological distress among GPs tended to increase over time. However, the availability of protective equipment and outpatient treatment for Covid-affected patients improved.

FAMILY PRACTICE (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Primary Care Access During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Simulated Patient Study

Michael Anne Kyle et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, most primary care practices offered timely new patient appointments as well as direct COVID-19 care. The main guidance for suspected COVID-19 patients included clinician consultation and testing options.

JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Cross-reactive Antibody Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine After Recent COVID-19-Specific Monoclonal Antibody Therapy

Stacey Schultz-Cherry et al.

Summary: The study found that receiving COVID-19 vaccination shortly after COVID-19-specific monoclonal antibody therapy can enhance and broaden antibody protection, questioning the necessity of delaying vaccination in this scenario.

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal