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Leveraging Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Combination Cancer Immunotherapy

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting polymer nanomanipulators for thermal sensitization and metastasis-inhibited synergistic cancer therapy

Min Wu et al.

Summary: This study reports a semiconducting polymer nanomanipulator (SPNm) that can manipulate intracellular protein expression through photothermal effect, resulting in suppression of tumor growth and inhibition of cancer cell metastasis. This novel nanomanipulator holds great potential for cancer therapeutics.

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Type I photodynamic therapy with a self-degradable conjugated polyelectrolyte in combination with CpG adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy

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Summary: In this study, a self-degradable conjugated polyelectrolyte was developed to enhance the therapeutic effects of photodynamic therapy and induce immunotherapy, showing great promise for cancer treatment in the future.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Nanoparticles with ultrasound-induced afterglow luminescence for tumour-specific theranostics

Cheng Xu et al.

Summary: Molecular imaging via afterglow luminescence is improved by using organic nanoparticles that produce ultrasound-induced afterglow. These sonoafterglow nanoparticles have higher brightness and detection capabilities at larger tissue depths compared to light-induced afterglow. They were successfully applied in cancer immunotheranostics, allowing for real-time in vivo monitoring of physiopathological processes.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activatable Immunoprotease Nanorestimulator for Second Near-Infrared Photothermal Immunotherapy of Cancer

Mengke Xu et al.

Summary: Photothermal immunotherapy is a combination cancer treatment that uses photothermal processes to destroy cancer cells and stimulate antitumor immunity. However, cancer cells can resist this treatment by deactivating immunoproteases. This study presents a smart polymer nanoagonist that can release an inhibitor of serpins, allowing for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, the nanoagonist induces photothermal therapy for tumor ablation and immunogenic cancer cell death.

ACS NANO (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Harnessing Nanomaterials for Cancer Sonodynamic Immunotherapy

Shuang Liang et al.

Summary: Immunotherapy has made significant progress in cancer therapy, but it still faces challenges such as low response rates and immune-related adverse events. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has gained attention for treating deep-seated tumors and can trigger systemic anti-tumor immune response through immunogenic cell death. Nanotechnology has revolutionized SDT, leading to the development of innovative nanosonosensitizers and synergistic treatment modalities. This review summarizes the recent advances in cancer sonodynamic immunotherapy and explores how nanotechnology can enhance the anti-tumor immune response.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Augmenting Immunogenic Cell Death and Alleviating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Sono-Activatable Semiconducting Polymer Nanopartners for Immunotherapy

Mengbin Ding et al.

Summary: A sono-activatable semiconducting polymer nanoparticle (SPNTi) was developed to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and alleviate immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in cancer immunotherapy. TPZ-conjugate and ibrutinib were encapsulated inside SPNTi and released upon sono-activation, promoting ICD action and reducing the inhibitory effect of MDSCs. In a mouse model, SPNTi-mediated immunotherapy effectively inhibited tumor growth and metastasis.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sono-Driven STING Activation using Semiconducting Polymeric Nanoagonists for Precision Sono-Immunotherapy of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Jianli Jiang et al.

Summary: A semiconducting polymeric nanoagonist (SPNM) with in situ sono-activatable immunotherapeutic effects is developed for precise sono-immunotherapy of HNSCC, addressing the challenges of modest therapeutic outcomes and pharmacological activity of immunomodulatory agents.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

NIR-II Light Accelerated Prodrug Reduction of Pt(IV)-Incorporating Pseudo Semiconducting Polymers for Robust Degradation and Maximized Photothermal/Chemo-Immunotherapy

Dongsheng Tang et al.

Summary: A pseudo-conjugated-polymer, PSP-Pt, containing a Pt(IV) prodrug of oxaliplatin (Oxa(IV)), was designed and can be activated using NIR-II light. Upon 1064 nm light irradiation, the assembled NPPSP-Pt can be photoactivated to accelerate the reduction of Pt(IV) and release oxaliplatin, leading to cancer cell death through photothermal effect and chemo-immunotherapy.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Organic Sonodynamic Materials for Combination Cancer Immunotherapy

Chi Zhang et al.

Summary: This review discusses the convergence of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) with cancer immunotherapy to overcome their limitations for clinical translation. The focus is on the development of organic materials with high sonodynamic activity and immunotherapeutic efficiency. SDT induces immunogenic cell death to improve tumor immunogenicity, and immunotherapy drugs activate antitumor immunity through immune pathway modulation.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanomedicine-Enabled Sonomechanical, Sonopiezoelectric, Sonodynamic, and Sonothermal Therapy

Xinran Song et al.

Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications and advancements of nanomedicine in the field of ultrasound medicine, including the role of sonosensitive nanomaterials in ultrasound therapy and the concept and development of other acoustic therapies. It offers an updated analysis of the field of nanoultrasonic biomedicine, discussing current treatments and future prospects.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activatable Semiconducting Polymer Pro-nanomodulators for Deep-Tissue Sono-immunotherapy of Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer

Jingchao Li et al.

Summary: This study presents the construction of semiconducting polymer pro-nanomodulators (SPpMs) for deep-tissue sono-immunotherapy of orthotopic pancreatic cancer. Through ultrasound treatment, SPpMs can generate singlet oxygen molecules to ablate tumors and release immunomodulators, enhancing antitumor immune response.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polymeric STING Pro-agonists for Tumor-Specific Sonodynamic Immunotherapy

Jie Yu et al.

Summary: We report the development of polymeric STING pro-agonists (PSPA) for cancer sono-immunotherapy. PSPA is activated by sono-irradiation and elevated GSH within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Under sono-irradiation, PSPA generates O-1(2) and induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) of malignant tumor cells. Furthermore, the release of STING agonist (MSA-2) is specific to the tumor microenvironment with highly expressed GSH, minimizing off-target side effects. The activation of the STING pathway synergizes with SDT to enhance the anti-tumor response.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polymer Semiconductors: Synthesis, Processing, and Applications

Li Ding et al.

Summary: Polymer semiconductors, composed of carbon-based pi conjugated backbone, have been studied for decades as active layers of various organic electronic devices. They combine the advantages of metal and semiconductor electrical conductivity with the mechanical behavior of plastics, making them a promising modulable electronic material. However, despite significant efforts, there is still no clear understanding of the relationship between intrinsic molecular structures, microstructures, and device performances. This review summarizes the development of polymer semiconductors, emphasizing the role of multilevel microstructures in determining device performance, and discusses the challenges and future opportunities in this field.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Second near-infrared light-activated semiconducting polymer nanomediators enable three-in-one tumor microenvironment modulation for combination immunotherapy

Meng Li et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a new nanomediator that can modulate the tumor microenvironment and enhance the antitumor immune response through a three-in-one strategy. The nanomediator is activated by NIR-II light and can improve tumor extracellular matrix, enhance tumor immunogenicity, and reverse the PD-L1 immunosuppressive microenvironment.

NANO TODAY (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Non-invasive activation of intratumoural gene editing for improved adoptive T-cell therapy in solid tumours

Xiaohong Chen et al.

Summary: The authors develop a temperature-sensitive system for delivering a Cas9 gene-editing sequence to target resistance mechanisms in cancer cells, which enhances T-cell delivery and improves therapeutic outcomes.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Nanovesicles loaded with a TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor overcome immune resistance to potentiate cancer immunotherapy

Mengxue Zhou et al.

Summary: In this study, a nanoplatform integrating the TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor LY2157299 and the ROS-responsive JQ1 pro-drug was designed, promoting anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical cancer models. Inhibition of TGF-β receptor 1 was found to relieve tumor fibrosis and facilitate the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. This study may lead to nanomedicine-based immunotherapy of immune-excluded tumors (IETs).

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Activatable near-infrared probes for the detection of specific populations of tumour-infiltrating leukocytes in vivo and in urine

Shasha He et al.

Summary: A library of renally cleared fluorescence probes has been developed to track specific tumor-infiltrating leukocyte populations in vivo and in urine. This molecular imaging technique allows for non-invasive monitoring of tumor immune microenvironment and evaluation of immunogenicity, response to immunotherapies, and tumor growth prediction.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Polymeric Extracellular Matrix Nanoremodeler for Activatable Cancer Photo-Immunotherapy

Chi Zhang et al.

Summary: Cancer immunotherapy has potential in the clinic, but the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment presents a barrier. A semiconducting polymer-based ECM nanoremodeler (SPNcb) is reported to combine photodynamic antitumor activity with the inhibition of collagen-crosslinking enzymes for cancer photo-immunotherapy. SPNcb blocks collagen crosslinking and decreases ECM stiffness, improving the tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Smart One-for-All Agent with Adaptive Functions for Improving Photoacoustic/Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Immunotherapy

Heqi Gao et al.

Summary: This study develops a smart one-for-all nanoagent that can optimize photophysical energy transformation and related phototheranostic properties through light-driven structure switch, holding great potential for multifunctional biomedical applications.

SMALL METHODS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Single-component organic semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for near-infrared afterglow imaging

Xuxuan Gu et al.

Summary: This article reports a single-component organic afterglow nanoprobe (PPVP-PEG) for lymph nodes and tumor imaging. PPVP-PEG consists of a near-infrared (NIR) emitting photosensitizer (TPP) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugated onto the side chains of polyphenylenevinylene (PPV). The probe exhibits high afterglow emission and higher FRET efficiency, enabling clear detection of lymph nodes and tumors in mice and showing excellent tumor targeting capability.

DYES AND PIGMENTS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Gemini nanoparticles-based quadruple therapy (GNQT) achieved effective tumor immunotherapy by comprehensive regulation of tumor microenvironment

Xiaoya Guo et al.

Summary: Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has greatly advanced cancer immunotherapy, the therapeutic outcome is still limited due to the complex immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumor tissue. Developing a more comprehensive and effective tumor microenvironment regulation strategy is necessary to improve the antitumor effect of immunotherapy.

NANO TODAY (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cholesterol removal improves performance of a model biomimetic system to co-deliver a photothermal agent and a STING agonist for cancer immunotherapy

Lin Li et al.

Summary: Biological membranes are important in biomimetic drug delivery systems, and reducing cholesterol levels in the coating membrane can improve their circulation time and targeting capability. By using cholesterol-reduced and PD-1-overexpressed T cell membranes, a proof-of-concept system for delivering a photothermal agent and a STING agonist was developed.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tumor-Microenvironment-Activatable Polymer Nano-Immunomodulator for Precision Cancer Photoimmunotherapy

Jing Liu et al.

Summary: This study reports a smart semiconducting polymer nano-immunomodulator that can achieve precise regulation of photodynamic immunotherapy for cancer in the acidic tumor microenvironment. The release of immunogenic factors and TLR7 agonist at the tumor site activates dendritic cells, leading to strong antitumor activities. Additionally, the nano-immunomodulator can directly eradicate tumors and induce immunogenic cancer cell death. This approach enhances systemic antitumor immune responses, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Smart Nano-PROTACs Reprogram Tumor Microenvironment for Activatable Photo-metabolic Cancer Immunotherapy

Chi Zhang et al.

Summary: This study introduces smart nano-proteolysis targeting chimeras for photo-metabolic cancer immunotherapy, reprogramming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by utilizing phototherapeutic ablation and cancer-specific protein degradation.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting Polymer Nano-regulators with Cascading Activation for Photodynamic Cancer Immunotherapy

Shasha He et al.

Summary: This study introduces a novel semiconducting polymer nano-regulator (SPNT) that can produce singlet oxygen under near-infrared photoirradiation, inducing immunogenic apoptosis. By regulating immune-related factors, SPNT-mediated combination photodynamic immunotherapy successfully suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhancing Penetration Ability of Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Sonodynamic Therapy of Large Solid Tumor

Xin Wang et al.

Summary: Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) shows promise in treating large solid tumors, but its efficacy is often compromised by the poor penetration and hypoxia in the tumor environment. This study reports the use of a semiconducting polymer nanoparticle (SPNC) to enhance tumor penetration and alleviate tumor hypoxia in sonodynamic therapy of large solid tumors.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activatable Cancer Sono-Immunotherapy using Semiconducting Polymer Nanobodies

Ziling Zeng et al.

Summary: This study reports the development of semiconducting polymers as efficient sonosensitizers and the further development of sono-immunotherapeutic nanobodies. The strategy can achieve immunogenic cell death, release of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, and promote tumor-killing function through sono-irradiation, providing important insights for precise spatiotemporal control over immunotherapy.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Activatable Polymeric Nanoprobe for Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Imaging of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in Cancer Immunotherapy

Yan Zhang et al.

Summary: This study presents an activatable semiconducting polymer nanoprobe for imaging tumor-associated neutrophils using near-infrared fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. The nanoprobe reacts with neutrophil elastase to enhance imaging signals and correlate with the intratumoral population of TANs.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Photoactivatable Cancer Immunotherapy and Imaging of Immunoactivation

Wen Zhou et al.

Summary: The article discussed the advantages and disadvantages of immunotherapy and phototherapy, as well as the advantages of phototherapy in improving treatment specificity. Furthermore, it summarized the applications of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles in immunotherapy and immunoactivation imaging.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles with Surface-Mimicking Protein Secondary Structure as Lysosome-Targeting Chimaeras for Self-Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy

Ji Qi et al.

Summary: This study developed a new type of nanoparticles (SPSS NPs) that can achieve self-synergistic cancer immunotherapy by combining immunogenic cell death (ICD) and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The nanoparticles can trigger a strong anti-tumor immune response and generate long-term immune memory against tumor rechallenge.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Cooperative Prodrug Nanovesicles Migrate Immune Evasion to Potentiate Chemoradiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer

Yun Zhu et al.

Summary: This study presents a self-cooperative prodrug nanovesicle for highly tumor-specific chemoradiotherapy, which can target tumors efficiently and overcome immune evasion mechanisms.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Precision cancer sono-immunotherapy using deep-tissue activatable semiconducting polymer immunomodulatory nanoparticles

Jingchao Li et al.

Summary: This study develops a nanomedicine-based cancer sono-immunotherapy that utilizes a semiconducting polymer to generate high levels of 1O2 and conjugates immunomodulators for targeted tumor treatment. The therapy not only reduces tumors and enhances tumor immunogenicity, but also releases immunomodulators specifically at the tumor site. It shows effective antitumor efficacy and reduces immune-related adverse events in animal models.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Bispecific prodrug nanoparticles circumventing multiple immune resistance mechanisms for promoting cancer immunotherapy

Jiayi Ye et al.

Summary: A bispecific prodrug nanoparticle was engineered to target multiple immune resistance mechanisms in tumor cells and improve cancer immunotherapy. The nanoparticle combines photodynamic therapy (PDT) to induce immunogenic cell death, providing a novel strategy for blocking immune evasion pathways.

ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Combining PD-L1 blockade with immunogenic cell death induced by AIE photosensitizer to improve antitumor immunity

Jianqing Li et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel photosensitizer that can trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and induce effective immunogenic cell death. Combining with immune checkpoint blockade, it can significantly inhibit tumor growth and provoke a systemic antitumor immune response.

BIOMATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Novel Cocktail Therapy Based on a Nanocarrier with an Efficient Transcytosis Property Reverses the Dynamically Deteriorating Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Immunotherapy

Jiayan Wu et al.

Summary: The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has a low response rate in clinical cancer treatment. Chemotherapy can enhance the response rate of the ICB, but it leads to side effects. Loading chemotherapy drugs through nanocarriers can reduce off-target toxicity. In this study, researchers developed doxorubicin (DOX) nanoparticles (DOX NPs) loaded in a polymeric carrier that was responsive to the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, a combination therapy of DOX NPs and ICB induced tumor adaptive resistance, which was found to be caused by TGF-beta 1. To overcome this resistance, an immune cocktail therapy containing DOX NPs, ICB, and TGF-beta 1 gene silencing nanoparticles was developed, successfully reversing the immunosuppressive TME and improving tumor treatment efficiency.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Near-infrared photoactivatable semiconducting polymer nanocomplexes with bispecific metabolism interventions for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

Ningyue Yu et al.

Summary: A novel semiconducting polymer nanocomplex (SPNCN) has been developed for enhanced cancer immunotherapy by specifically inhibiting autophagy and immunometabolism in the tumor microenvironment upon near-infrared (NIR) photoactivation.

NANO TODAY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

PD-1 combination therapy with IL-2 modifies CD8+ T cell exhaustion program

Masao Hashimoto et al.

Summary: The study showed that combination therapy with PD-1 blockade and IL-2 during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection significantly alters the differentiation program of CD8(+) T cells, resulting in the generation of highly functional effector CD8(+) T cells that mediate viral control, thus providing a new perspective for cancer treatment.

NATURE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Organic Charge-Transfer Complexes for Near-Infrared-Triggered Photothermal Materials

Lei An et al.

Summary: This article provides a systematic summary of the latest advances in near-infrared-excited charge-transfer complexes (CTCs) as photothermal agents. The basic structure-performance relationships are introduced and several important factors affecting the photothermal properties of CTCs are discussed. Additionally, a comprehensive comparison is made among nanoparticle systems. The article highlights the multifunctional applications of organic photothermal CTCs and provides a perspective for future research.

SMALL STRUCTURES (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Targeted NIR-responsive theranostic immuno-nanomedicine combined TLR7 agonist with immune checkpoint blockade for effective cancer photothermal immunotherapy

Vellingiri Yasothamani et al.

Summary: This study presents a strategy of combining immune checkpoint blockade with nanoparticles for targeted breast cancer treatment. The nanoparticles can activate an immune response and develop immune resistance based on PD-L1 checkpoint, resulting in tumor eradication and inhibition of tumor recurrence.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Advances in Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Targeted Phototheranostics of Prostate Cancer

He Wang et al.

Summary: With the advent of precision medicine, PSMA-targeted theranostic strategies have had a significant impact on prostate cancer research. PSMA, as a specific membrane antigen target, is widely expressed in prostate cancer tissues and is correlated with tumor aggressiveness. Phototheranostics, including near-infrared fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and photodynamic therapy, have shown great potential for PSMA-targeted treatment and diagnosis. However, there are still challenges and opportunities for the clinical translation of phototheranostics in the field of prostate cancer.

SMALL STRUCTURES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activatable Polymer Nanoenzymes for Photodynamic Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy

Ziling Zeng et al.

Summary: This study introduces an organic polymer nanoenzyme (SPNK) with near-infrared (NIR) photoactivatable immunotherapeutic effects for photodynamic immunometabolic therapy. By generating singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) upon NIR photoirradiation, SPNK induces immunogenic cell death of cancer and degrades immunosuppressive kynurenine (Kyn), ultimately promoting effector T cell proliferation and infiltration, enhancing systemic antitumor T cell immunity, and inhibiting both primary and distant tumors in living mice.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Strategies to Develop Innovative Photosensitizers for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Thanh Chung Pham et al.

Summary: This review presents a robust strategy for designing photosensitizers for different species, highlighting the importance of organic PSs in photodynamic therapy. While previous studies have focused on nanomaterials and traditional PSs, this review sets out to report recent innovative strategies for developing organic photosensitizers for enhanced PDT, providing detailed examples to offer intuitive and specific insights to readers.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Oncology

Advances in the development of personalized neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccines

Eryn Blass et al.

Summary: Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment with the development of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and personalized neoantigen vaccines. These vaccines trigger specific T cell responses against individual patient's tumors, showing promising tumor-specific immunogenicity and antitumor activity.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Stiffness of targeted layer-by-layer nanoparticles impacts elimination half-life, tumor accumulation, and tumor penetration

Stephanie M. Kong et al.

Summary: The stiffness of nanoparticles plays a crucial role in drug delivery, affecting circulation time, tumor accumulation, and penetration. Layer-by-layer nanoparticles can modulate stiffness by adjusting the mechanical properties of the core, leading to improved tumor targeting and therapeutic outcomes.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering Oxaliplatin Prodrug Nanoparticles for Second Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer

Qiurong Zhu et al.

Summary: A versatile prodrug nanoparticle for second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging-guided combinatory immunotherapy of colorectal cancer has been reported. The nanoparticles show high intratumoral accumulation and trigger immunogenic cell death of the tumor cells, elicit antitumor immune response in a spatiotemporally controllable manner. The combination of the nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy/chemotherapy with programmed death ligand 1 blockade significantly promotes intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and eradicates CRC tumors.

SMALL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Activatable polymer nanoagonist for second near-infrared photothermal immunotherapy of cancer

Yuyan Jiang et al.

Summary: The authors present a strategy for controlled immune regulation in cancer nano-immunotherapy using a photothermally activatable semiconducting polymeric pro-agonist responsive to second near-infrared window light.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Semiconducting polymer nano-PROTACs for activatable photo-immunometabolic cancer therapy

Chi Zhang et al.

Summary: Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) offer an alternative way to modulate protein homeostasis for cancer therapy, but existing PROTACs may have uncontrollable protein degradation and off-target side effects. This study presents a semiconducting polymer nano-PROTAC (SPNpro) with phototherapeutic and activatable protein degradation abilities for photo-immunometabolic cancer therapy. SPNpro can generate singlet oxygen under NIR photoirradiation to eradicate tumor cells and activate protein degradation specifically in response to a cancer biomarker, enhancing tumor immunogenicity.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Hyalase-Mediated Cascade Degradation of a Matrix Barrier and Immune Cell Penetration by a Photothermal Microneedle for Efficient Anticancer Therapy

Ting He et al.

Summary: This study presents an innovative approach using dissolving microneedles for synergetic photothermal therapy and immune therapy, delivering polymer nanoparticles and immune adjuvant deep into the tumor to activate immune cells and enhance T-cell immune response for inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Near-Infrared-Light Remote-Controlled Activation of Cancer Immunotherapy Using Photothermal Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles

Xuancheng Fu et al.

Summary: Remote control of cancer immunotherapy process using a conjugated polymer nanoparticles-mediated optogenetic system has been proposed. By triggering gene transcription of IFN-gamma cytokine under near-infrared laser irradiation, this system can elicit immune response against cancer cells. The synergetic optogenetic system provides a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy with minimized side effects and enhanced efficacy.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering Chameleon Prodrug Nanovesicles to Increase Antigen Presentation and Inhibit PD-L1 Expression for Circumventing Immune Resistance of Cancer

Fengqi Zhou et al.

Summary: This research addresses the issue of immune evasion in T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy by developing a multifunctional prodrug nanovesicle. By enhancing tumor antigen presentation and the infiltration of T lymphocytes, the prodrug nanovesicles demonstrate efficacy in overcoming immune resistance and potentiate tumor immunotherapy.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Second Near-Infrared Light-Activatable Polymeric Nanoantagonist for Photothermal Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy

Cheng Xu et al.

Summary: Immunometabolic modulation through a second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermally activatable semiconducting polymeric nanoantagonist (ASPA) provides a new approach for synergistic photothermal immunometabolic therapy of cancer. This remotely controlled immunometabolic regulation enhances cytotoxic T cell functions, suppresses regulatory T cell activities, and leads to efficient primary tumor inhibition, pulmonary metastasis prevention, and long-term immunological memory. This work offers a generic polymeric approach for precise spatiotemporal regulation of cancer immunometabolism.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Charge-Reversal Polymer Nano-modulators for Photodynamic Immunotherapy of Cancer

Shasha He et al.

Summary: The study presents a charge-reversal polymer nano-modulator activated by tumor micro-environment for photodynamic immunotherapy of cancer. This nano-modulator regulates the balance between CTLs and Tregs, promotes dendritic cell maturation, and effectively inhibits both primary and distant tumors.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Efficient and precise delivery of microRNA by photoacoustic force generated from semiconducting polymer-based nanocarriers

Tianyi Kang et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated for the first time that a near-infrared (NIR) pulse laser can efficiently guide delivery of miRNAs to targeted tumor sites, overcoming endothelial barriers. Rapid delivery of miR-7 was achieved under pulse laser irradiation, leading to a 5-fold increase in efficiency and effective tumor growth inhibition.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

NIR-II fluorescence imaging guided tumor-specific NIR-II photothermal therapy enhanced by starvation mediated thermal sensitization strategy

Yeneng Dai et al.

Summary: The study proposed a tumor-specific enhanced NIR-II PTT strategy through starvation-mediated thermal sensitization, using a semiconducting polymer and glycolysis inhibitor 2DG encapsulated into folate modified liposomes. By targeting and triggering NIR-II photothermal effect, spatial-temporal release of 2DG was achieved and enhanced the tumor thermal sensitivity towards PTT.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photothermal-Chemotherapy Enhancing Tumor Immunotherapy by Multifunctional Metal-Organic Framework Based Drug Delivery System

Weidong Ni et al.

Summary: Immunotherapy shows promise for tumor treatment, but its clinical effect is limited by tumor immunogenicity and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Researchers combined metal-organic framework MIL-100 loaded with mitoxantrone (MTO) with photothermal-chemotherapy to enhance immunogenic cell death. The resulting MMH NPs, with dual therapeutic properties and imaging modes, showed high antitumor efficacy and immune effect when co-injected with anti-OX40 antibody in colorectal cancer. This novel combined therapeutic strategy is promising for future tumor therapy.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Combination of epigenetic regulation with gene therapy-mediated immune checkpoint blockade induces anti-tumour effects and immune response in vivo

Huapan Fang et al.

Summary: While immunotherapy has shown promise as a cancer treatment, durable benefits are often limited by immune escape mechanisms. This study combines epigenetic regulation with gene therapy for immune checkpoint blockade to enhance anti-tumor effects and immune responses in vivo, providing a potential strategy for tumor treatment and prevention of relapse and metastasis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Recent strategies for nano-based PTT combined with immunotherapy: from a biomaterial point of view

Xingyue Huang et al.

Summary: The review summarized cutting-edge strategies in combining nano-based photothermal therapy (PTT) with immunotherapy for cancer treatment, which includes four categories of combination strategies. Various photothermal agents and nanoplatforms characteristics, as well as the immunological mechanisms for the synergism, were introduced in detail. Existing challenges and future prospects in combined PTT and immunotherapy were also discussed.

THERANOSTICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A mitochondrial-metabolism-regulatable carrier-free nanodrug to amplify the sensitivity of photothermal therapy

Qian Du et al.

Summary: The self-assembled carrier-free nanodrugs, IR820/ATO NPs, offer a superior photothermal therapy approach for breast cancer treatment by regulating mitochondrial metabolism, reducing ATP levels, and suppressing HSPs expression to enhance PTT sensitivity.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Second near-infrared photothermal materials for combinational nanotheranostics

Cheng Xu et al.

Summary: Second near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT) has advantages of deeper penetration and less toxicity, but faces challenges of suboptimal photothermal conversion and limited therapeutic efficacy. To improve efficacy, multifunctional NIR-II photothermal inorganic or organic materials have been developed for combination with other therapeutic modalities.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Immune Modulator and Low-Temperature PTT-Induced Synergistic Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment

Yue Duan et al.

Summary: This study focuses on a cancer synergistic treatment strategy utilizing low-temperature photothermal therapy-induced immunogenic cell death and immunomodulator CpG ODNs to improve the tumor microenvironment. CpG@PDA-FA nanoparticles demonstrated remarkable synergistic effects in activating DCs and T cells, as well as reducing immunosuppressive cells, providing a bidirectional immunotherapy approach for tumor inhibition.

ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering fluorescent semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for biological applications and beyond

Junyong Sun et al.

Summary: Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs), derived from conjugated polymers (CPs), have emerged as a new class of soft fluorescent nanomaterials with outstanding properties suitable for biosensing, bioimaging, and biomedical applications. Compared to inorganic nanomaterials, SPNs offer more flexible modification approaches throughout their preparation process, allowing for the fabrication of functionalized SPNs with convenience and flexibility for expanding their bioapplication in various fields. Challenges and future prospects for fabricating functionalized SPNs are also discussed in this feature article.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Oncology

Recent advances and discoveries in the mechanisms and functions of CAR T cells

Rebecca C. Larson et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the major advances that have been made in the efficacy and safety of CAR T cell therapies over the past 3 years and looks ahead to new findings that will impact the future of this immunotherapy.

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

FAP-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Ferritin Nanoparticles Elicits an Immune Response against Cancer Cells and Cancer Associated Fibroblasts

Shiyi Zhou et al.

Summary: This study developed a photodynamic therapy approach using nanoparticles specifically targeting FAP, which efficiently eradicated CAFs in tumors and induced anti-cancer immunity in murine models. Interestingly, the treatment not only elicited cellular immunity against cancer cells, but also stimulated an anti-CAFs immunity, as supported by adoptive cell transfer study.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Polymer Science

AIE polymers: Synthesis and applications

Rong Hu et al.

PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting Polymer Nanomaterials as Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Protherapeutics for Cancer

Jingchao Li et al.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles as Theranostic System for Near-Infrared-II Fluorescence Imaging and Photothermal Therapy under Safe Laser Fluence

Yanqing Yang et al.

ACS NANO (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting Polymer Dots with Dual-Enhanced NIR-IIa Fluorescence for Through-Skull Mouse-Brain Imaging

Zhe Zhang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Organic semiconducting polymer amphiphile for near-infrared-II light-triggered phototheranostics

Chao Yin et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2020)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Bioorthogonal-targeted 1064 nm excitation theranostic nanoplatform for precise NIR-IIa fluorescence imaging guided efficient NIR-II photothermal therapy

Wansu Zhang et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2020)

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Review Immunology

Top 10 Challenges in Cancer Immunotherapy

Priti S. Hegde et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

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Article Oncology

Improving cancer immunotherapy using nanomedicines: progress, opportunities and challenges

John D. Martin et al.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Iodine-Rich Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for CT/Fluorescence Dual-Modal Imaging-Guided Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Wen Zhou et al.

SMALL (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultrasmall Semiconducting Polymer Dots with Rapid Clearance for Second Near-Infrared Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Xiaoju Men et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Semiconducting Polycomplex Nanoparticles for Photothermal Ferrotherapy of Cancer

Shasha He et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Transformable hybrid semiconducting polymer nanozyme for second near-infrared photothermal ferrotherapy

Yuyan Jiang et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Exploiting the dynamics of the EPR effect and strategies to improve the therapeutic effects of nanomedicines by using EPR effect enhancers

Jun Fang et al.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Planar and Twisted Molecular Structure Leads to the High Brightness of Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for NIR-IIa Fluorescence Imaging

Shunjie Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An immune cocktail therapy to realize multiple boosting of the cancer-immunity cycle by combination of drug/gene delivery nanoparticles

Jiayan Wu et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hypoxia-activated ROS burst liposomes boosted by local mild hyperthermia for photo/chemodynamic therapy

Xiang-long Tang et al.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2020)

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Review Immunology

Memory CD8+ T cell responses to cancer

Jichang Han et al.

SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Review Immunology

A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice

Alex D. Waldman et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Influence of nanomedicine mechanical properties on tumor targeting delivery

Zheng Li et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2020)

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Review Immunology

Tumour-intrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint blockade

Anusha Kalbasi et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Porphyrin Nanocage-Embedded Single-Molecular Nanoparticles for Cancer Nanotheranostics

Guocan Yu et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A generic approach towards afterglow luminescent nanoparticles for ultrasensitive in vivo imaging

Yuyan Jiang et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Chain-Length- and Saturation-Tuned Mechanics of Fluid Nanovesicles Direct Tumor Delivery

Zhuo Dai et al.

ACS NANO (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Organic Semiconducting Pro-nanostimulants for Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Cancer Immunotherapy

Jingchao Li et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Enzyme-activatable polymer-drug conjugate augments tumour penetration and treatment efficacy

Quan Zhou et al.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

In vivo molecular imaging for immunotherapy using ultra-bright near-infrared-IIb rare-earth nanoparticles

Yeteng Zhong et al.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Immunization with mannosylated nanovaccines and inhibition of the immune-suppressing microenvironment sensitizes melanoma to immune checkpoint modulators

Joao Conniot et al.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Diagnosis and Management of Immune Related Adverse Events (irAEs) in Cancer Immunotherapy

Yi-He Liu et al.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in cancer immunotherapy: A review

Bagher Farhood et al.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultralong tumor retention of theranostic nanoparticles with short peptide-enabled active tumor homing

Lihua Li et al.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced efficacy of photothermal therapy by combining a semiconducting polymer with an inhibitor of a heat shock protein

Tingting Sun et al.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2019)

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Review Oncology

Improving cancer immunotherapy through nanotechnology

Michael S. Goldberg

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

1300 nm absorption two-acceptor semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for NIR-II photoacoustic imaging system guided NIR-II photothermal therapy

Wansu Zhang et al.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Oxygenic Hybrid Semiconducting Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Houjuan Zhu et al.

NANO LETTERS (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Organic molecule-based photothermal agents: an expanding photothermal therapy universe

Hyo Sung Jung et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2018)

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Review Immunology

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for cancer: An overview of FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors

Kristian M. Hargadon et al.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanoscale Metal-Organic Framework Overcomes Hypoxia for Photodynamic Therapy Primed Cancer Immunotherapy

Guangxu Lan et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2018)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade

Antoni Ribas et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Synergistic and low adverse effect cancer immunotherapy by immunogenic chemotherapy and locally expressed PD-L1 trap

Wantong Song et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Nanoparticle elasticity directs tumor uptake

Peng Guo et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multimodal Biophotonics of Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles

Yuyan Jiang et al.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Near-Infrared Semiconducting Polymer Brush and pH/GSH-Responsive Polyoxometalate Cluster Hybrid Platform for Enhanced Tumor-Specific Phototheranostics

Zhen Yang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2018)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Biocompatible semiconducting polymer nanoparticles as robust photoacoustic and photothermal agents revealing the effects of chemical structure on high photothermal conversion efficiency

Jinfeng Zhang et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

TGF-β-associated extracellular matrix genes link cancer-associated fibroblasts to immune evasion and immunotherapy failure

Ankur Chakravarthy et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Article Immunology

An early history of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Pierre Golstein et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Review Immunology

Cell death and immunity in cancer: From danger signals to mimicry of pathogen defense responses

Abhishek D. Garg et al.

IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2017)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Molecular afterglow imaging with bright, biodegradable polymer nanoparticles

Qingqing Miao et al.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2017)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

A STING-activating nanovaccine for cancer immunotherapy

Min Luo et al.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2017)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Macrophage Cell Membrane Camouflaged Au Nanoshells for in Vivo Prolonged Circulation Life and Enhanced Cancer Photothermal Therapy

Mingjun Xuan et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2016)

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Review Immunology

IDO in the Tumor Microenvironment: Inflammation, Counter-Regulation, and Tolerance

David H. Munn et al.

TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Intrinsically Radioactive [64Cu]CuInS/ZnS Quantum Dots for PET and Optical Imaging: Improved Radiochemical Stability and Controllable Cerenkov Luminescence

Weisheng Guo et al.

ACS NANO (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Toxicity and oxidative stress induced by semiconducting polymer dots in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages

Fangmao Ye et al.

NANOSCALE (2015)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Interactions of stealth conjugated polymer nanoparticles with human whole blood

Raha Ahmad Khanbeigi et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2015)

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Review Immunology

STING: infection, inflammation and cancer

Glen N. Barber

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2015)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Real-time imaging of oxidative and nitrosative stress in the liver of live animals for drug-toxicity testing

Adam J. Shuhendler et al.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Image-guided and tumor-targeted drug delivery with radiolabeled unimolecular micelles

Jintang Guo et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2013)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conjugated polymer nanoparticles: preparation, properties, functionalization and biological applications

Liheng Feng et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2013)

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Review Immunology

Oncology Meets Immunology: The Cancer-Immunity Cycle

Daniel S. Chen et al.

IMMUNITY (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bright Far-Red/Near-Infrared Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for In Vivo Bioimaging

Dan Ding et al.

SMALL (2013)

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Article Oncology

Ipilimumab: An Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody for Metastatic Melanoma

Evan J. Lipson et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2011)

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Review Immunology

IDO expression by dendritic cells: Tolerance and tryptophan catabolism

AL Mellor et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2004)

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