☆ 4.6 Review

The impact of cannabis legalization and decriminalization on acute poisoning: A systematic review

ADDICTION (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Emergence of Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol in DUID Investigation Casework: Method Development, Validation and Application

Ayako Chan-Hosokawa et al.

Summary: The study observed an increasing trend of overlapping peaks in the detection of cannabinoids in driving cases, leading to unresolved interference and testing cancellations. A new quantitative method was developed to separate Delta-8 and Delta-9 isomers in blood samples, meeting all acceptance criteria and successfully quantifying primary cannabinoids in the presence of significant concentrations of both isomers.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Unintentional Pediatric Cannabis Exposures After Legalization of Recreational Cannabis in Canada

Daniel T. Myran et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Article Pediatrics

Recent Trends in Marijuana-Related Hospital Encounters in Young Children

Colleen E. Bennett et al.

Summary: The number of hospital encounters for marijuana exposures in children has significantly increased in states where marijuana use is legal, highlighting the need for prevention strategies.

ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS (2022)

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Article Toxicology

Pediatric cannabis intoxication trends in the pre and post-legalization era

Neta Cohen et al.

Summary: The legalization of recreational cannabis in Canada is associated with increased rates of severe intoxications in children, characterized by more children being admitted to the ICU, increased respiratory involvement, altered mental status, younger children under 12, unintentional exposures, and edibles ingestion. Edible ingestion is identified as a strong predictor of ICU admission in the pediatric population.

CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY (2022)

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Article Toxicology

Synthetic cannabinoid poisonings and access to the legal cannabis market: findings from US national poison centre data 2016-2019

Tracy A. Klein et al.

Summary: This study investigated the trends in synthetic cannabinoid exposures reported to US poison control centres and their association with the status of state cannabis legalisation. The findings revealed that reported exposures declined over time. The implementation of medical cannabis law was associated with a decrease in reported annual exposures, and adoption of permissive state cannabis policy was significantly associated with lower reported synthetic exposures. Opening retail markets and implementing legal adult possession/use were also associated with fewer reported exposures. These findings suggest that more permissive cannabis laws may reduce both motivation and harms associated with the use of synthetic cannabis products.

CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY (2022)

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Article Substance Abuse

Trends in the use of cannabis products in Canada and the USA, 2018-2020: Findings from the International Cannabis Policy Study

David Hammond et al.

Summary: Dried flower remains the most commonly used cannabis product in Canada and the United States, but the use of processed products has increased, especially in legal cannabis markets.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Edible Cannabis Legalization and Unintentional Poisonings in Children

Daniel T. Myran et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Substance Abuse

Trends in Canadian Cannabis Consumption Over Time: A Two-step Meta-analysis of Canadian Household Survey Data

Anees Bahji et al.

Summary: This study is the first to synthesize Canadian household survey data to estimate the temporal trends in cannabis consumption and is the first meta-analysis examining both the prevalence and changes postlegalization of cannabis use in Canada. The results suggest an increasing trend in past-year cannabis consumption in the Canadian population, particularly after legalization.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ADDICTION (2022)

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Article Emergency Medicine

Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Unintentional Ingestion of Marijuana in Children Younger Than 6 Years in States With and Without Legalized Marijuana Laws

Andrew Leubitz et al.

Summary: There was no significant change in the annual number or rate of marijuana ingestions in children under 6 in the US from 2000 to 2008, but a 27% increase per year was observed from 2009 onwards, with more than 70% of cases occurring in states with legalized marijuana. Over half of pediatric patients received hospital care, with 7.5% requiring critical care.

PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

A Comprehensive Review of Cannabis Potency in the United States in the Last Decade

Mahmoud A. ElSohly et al.

Summary: This review focused on analyzing the concentration of major cannabinoids in illicit herbal cannabis products seized by the DEA in the United States over the past decade. The study found that the mean Delta(9)-THC concentration has been increasing over the years, while the Delta(9)-THC:CBD ratio peaked in 2017 and has been decreasing since then. Overall, there has been an increase in potency of illicit cannabis products, with a trend towards producing higher CBD-containing products.

BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING (2021)

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Article Pediatrics

32 Accidental ingestions of cannabis in children pre- and post-legalization: Perspectives from a Canadian paediatric hospital

Alon Coret et al.

Paediatrics & Child Health (2021)

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Article Substance Abuse

'Synthetic cannabis': A dangerous misnomer

Shane Darke et al.

Summary: This paper examines the characteristics of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and argues that the term 'synthetic cannabis' is inaccurate, advocating for the use of the term SCRAs instead. The differences between SCRAs and THC are outlined, highlighting the need for distinct policy responses to address the evolving nature of this drug class.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY (2021)

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Article Emergency Medicine

Acute cannabis intoxication in the emergency department: the effect of legalization

Robert Baraniecki et al.

Summary: The study found that legalization of cannabis did not significantly impact the overall rate of emergency department visits for acute cannabis intoxication, but there was a 56% increase in visits among adults aged 18-29. More research is needed to explore changing methods of cannabis ingestion and trends among specific age groups.

BMC EMERGENCY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Pediatrics

Emergency Department Pediatric Visits in Alberta for Cannabis After Legalization

Matthew E. M. Yeung et al.

Summary: The study compared pre- and post-legalization trends in pediatric cannabis-related emergency department visits in urban Alberta, Canada. It found that unintentional ingestions of cannabis increased in children and older adolescents after legalization, while presentation patterns remained similar overall. The findings highlight the need for public health interventions to target pediatric exposures to cannabis.

PEDIATRICS (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Public health monitoring of cannabis use in Europe: prevalence of use, cannabis potency, and treatment rates

Jakob Manthey et al.

Summary: In the past decade, cannabis use, treatment rates, and potency levels have increased in Europe, especially among the 35-64 age group. In some countries, over 20% of past-month users exhibit high-risk use patterns. There are major concerns about the public health impact of cannabis use.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE (2021)

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Review Emergency Medicine

Unintentional Pediatric Marijuana Exposures at a Tertiary Care Children's Hospital in Washington State A Retrospective Review

Anita Anne Thomas et al.

Summary: After the legalization of recreational marijuana in Washington State, the incidence of unintentional marijuana exposure in children increased at a tertiary care children's hospital. The majority of cases were in children aged 17 months to 7 years, with a high percentage undergoing laboratory tests, head CT scans, and social work evaluations.

PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Marijuana exposures in Colorado, reported to regional poison centre, 2000-2018

George Sam Wang et al.

INJURY PREVENTION (2020)

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Article Psychiatry

Association Between Recreational Marijuana Legalization in the United States and Changes in Marijuana Use and Cannabis Use Disorder From 2008 to 2016

Magdalena Cerda et al.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Article Substance Abuse

The association between recreational cannabis commercialization and cannabis exposures reported to the US National Poison Data System

Yuyan Shi et al.

ADDICTION (2020)

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Editorial Material Psychiatry

The effects of recreational cannabis legalization might depend upon the policy model

Rosario Queirolo

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Article Psychiatry

Assessing the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use: the US experience

Wayne Hall et al.

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Article Substance Abuse

Is marijuana use associated with decreased use of prescription opioids? Toxicological findings from two US national samples of drivers

Guohua Li et al.

SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY (2020)

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Article Toxicology

Acute cannabis toxicity

Matthew J. Noble et al.

CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY (2019)

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Article Emergency Medicine

UNINTENTIONAL PEDIATRIC MARIJUANA EXPOSURES PRIOR TO AND AFTER LEGALIZATION AND COMMERCIAL AVAILABILITY OF RECREATIONAL MARIJUANA IN WASHINGTON STATE

Anita A. Thomas et al.

JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE (2019)

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Review Toxicology

Cannabis use and acute coronary syndrome

John R. Richards et al.

CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Does cannabis legalisation change healthcare utilisation? A population-based study using the healthcare cost and utilisation project in Colorado, USA

Francesca N. Delling et al.

BMJ OPEN (2019)

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Review Neurosciences

Cannabidiol Adverse Effects and Toxicity

Marilyn A. Huestis et al.

CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Article Pediatrics

Youth and Adult Arrests for Cannabis Possession After Decriminalization and Legalization of Cannabis

Andrew D. Plunk et al.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2019)

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Article Pediatrics

The Continued Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Unintentional Pediatric Exposures in Colorado

George Sam Wang et al.

CLINICAL PEDIATRICS (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Recent trends in cyclic vomiting syndrome-associated hospitalisations with liberalisation of cannabis use in the state of Colorado

Sanjay Bhandari et al.

INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL (2019)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004-2013

Christine M. Mauro et al.

PREVENTION SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Incidence of Pediatric Cannabis Exposure Among Children and Teenagers Aged 0 to 19 Years Before and After Medical Marijuana Legalization in Massachusetts

Jennifer M. Whitehill et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2019)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

State marijuana laws and opioid overdose mortality

Stanford Chihuri et al.

INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY (2019)

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Review Neurosciences

US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems

Deborah S. Hasin

NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2018)

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Article Psychology, Developmental

Impact of Marijuana Legalization in Colorado on Adolescent Emergency and Urgent Care Visits

George Sam Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH (2018)

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Letter Health Care Sciences & Services

The Form and Content of Cannabis Products in the United States

Stacey Steigerwald et al.

JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The effect of publication bias magnitude and direction on the certainty in evidence

Mohammad Hassan Murad et al.

BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Marijuana and acute health care contacts in Colorado

George Sam Wang et al.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2017)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Cannabis use, attitudes, and legal status in the US: A review

Hannah Carliner et al.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2017)

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Article Pediatrics

Marijuana Exposure Among Children Younger Than Six Years in the United States

Bridget Onders et al.

CLINICAL PEDIATRICS (2016)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions

Jonathan A. C. Sterne et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2016)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions

Jonathan A. C. Sterne et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2016)

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Article Pediatrics

Unintentional Pediatric Exposures to Marijuana in Colorado, 2009-2015

George Sam Wang et al.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2016)

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Article Emergency Medicine

Association of Unintentional Pediatric Exposures With Decriminalization of Marijuana in the United States

George S. Wang et al.

ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE (2014)

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Review Substance Abuse

Synthetic cannabinoids: Epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications

Marisol S. Castaneto et al.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE (2014)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Medical Cannabis Laws and Opioid Analgesic Overdose Mortality in the United States, 1999-2010

Marcus A. Bachhuber et al.

JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE (2014)

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Article Substance Abuse

Synthetic cannabis: A comparison of patterns of use and effect profile with natural cannabis in a large global sample

Adam R. Winstock et al.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE (2013)

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Editorial Material Pediatrics

Anticipated Medical Effects on Children From Legalization of Marijuana in Colorado and Washington State A Poison Center Perspective

William Hurley et al.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2013)

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Article Pediatrics

Pediatric Marijuana Exposures in a Medical Marijuana State

George Sam Wang et al.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2013)

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Article Substance Abuse

Patterns of synthetic cannabinoid use in Australia

Monica J. Barratt et al.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW (2013)

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Article Substance Abuse

Medical marijuana laws in 50 states: Investigating the relationship between state legalization of medical marijuana and marijuana use, abuse and dependence

Magdalena Cerda et al.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE (2012)

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Article Emergency Medicine

ICD-10 coding: poor identification of recreational drug presentations to a large emergency department

David M. Wood et al.

EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL (2011)

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