Prognostic Factors for Long-term Aesthetic Outcome of Infantile Haemangioma Treated with Beta-blockers

Parents of infants treated with beta-blockers for infantile haemangioma are often concerned about the long-term aesthetic outcome. This cross-sectional stu-dy assessed the influence on the long-term aesthetic outcome of characteristics of the infantile haemangi-oma, the beta-blocker treatment, and the infant. The study included 103 children aged 6-12 years, treated with beta-blockers (propranolol or atenolol) for infan-tile haemangioma during infancy (age at treatment initiation & LE;1 year) for & GE;6 months. Dermatologists and parents scored the Patient Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and the child scored a visual analogue scale. Der-matologists identified whether telangiectasia, fibrofat-ty tissue, and atrophic scar tissue were present. The long-term aesthetic outcome of infantile haeman gioma was judged more negatively by dermatologists and pa-rents in case of a superficial component, ulceration, ol-der age at treatment initiation, higher cumulative dose, and/or shorter follow-up time. According to children, infantile haemangioma located on the head had better aesthetic outcome than infantile haemangioma located elsewhere. Close monitoring, particularly of infantile haemangioma with a superficial component, is essen-tial for early initiation of treatment, and to prevent or treat ulceration. These outcome data can support pa-rental counselling and guide treatment strategy.SIGNIFICANCEParents of infants receiving beta-blockers for infantile haem angioma commonly ask their physician about the aesthetics of infantile haemangioma at school age. This study evaluated which characteristics during beta-blocker treatment are associated with long-term (& GE;6 years) aesthe-tic outcome. Negative aesthetics were found for children with infantile haemangioma with a superficial component, ulcerated infantile haemangioma, older age at treatment in-itiation, higher cumulative dose, and shorter follow-up time. As this study considered the perspectives of dermatologists, parents, and children in multivariable analyses, the results readily apply to clinical practice. Using this information, physicians can inform parents and assess whether additio-nal treatment (e.g. surgery or laser treatment) is needed.

Automated summary

The long-term aesthetic outcome of infantile haemangioma is influenced by characteristics of the haemangioma, beta-blocker treatment, and infant. Factors such as superficial component, ulceration, older age at treatment initiation, higher cumulative dose, and shorter follow-up time negatively affect the aesthetic outcome. This information can guide treatment decisions and parental counselling.