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Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tao Jin et al.
Summary: This article proposes a virtual three-level model predictive flux control method to improve the performance of driving induction motors fed by a two-level converter. The method utilizes virtual vector method, direct torque control, and novel deadbeat control strategies to reduce flux and torque ripples and computational burden.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mauren Abreu de Souza et al.
Summary: This paper presents the 3D reconstruction and visualization of the neck/bust region and inner anatomical structures using thermal infrared and CT images. By combining the 3D models and segmented anatomical structures, this methodology provides correlated functional and anatomical images, which could enhance biomedical applications and future diagnosis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel J. Tozer et al.
Summary: Recent studies have found evidence of increased microglial activation, indicating inflammation, in cerebral small vessel disease. However, it is unclear whether these areas of neuroinflammation progress to tissue damage. This study showed that white matter destined to become white matter hyperintensities already exhibited signs of altered inflammation at baseline.
Article
Immunology
Nesrin Ghanem-Zoubi et al.
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging data of patients with brucellosis who underwent FDG PET/CT. It found that FDG PET/CT is helpful in diagnosing focal infection in brucellosis and multifocal disease is more prevalent than previously described. Adding FDG PET/CT to the diagnostic workup of brucellosis has important clinical implications.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sergio Laso et al.
Summary: Nowadays, digitized medical records are increasingly important for providing treatments and tracking health status. However, accessing this information can be challenging due to network issues or physical communication barriers. In this work, we propose a solution that uses facial recognition to allow medical staff to obtain a patient's medical history without an internet connection.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Theodor Cheslerean-Boghiu et al.
Summary: Deep learning methods have been successfully applied in various fields, with clinical applications gaining increasing attention. For applications like sparse-view tomographic reconstructions, data-driven denoising algorithms have been developed to reduce streaking artifacts and obtain diagnostically viable images with limited data. We propose a data-driven dual-domain denoising model called WNet, which includes a trainable reconstruction layer. The network is trained and tested on clinically relevant datasets, and the results are compared with other sparse-view CT denoising and reconstruction algorithms.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jia-Song Wang et al.
Summary: This study aims to investigate the characteristics of in vitro culture and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in patients with fungal keratitis (FK) presented in a tertiary referral hospital in central China. The results showed that Fusarium species, Aspergillus species, and Alternaria species were the 3 most common isolated fungal pathogens in this hospital. IVCM was found to be positive for hyphae or spores in 96.8% of culture-positive cases. Different fungal species had different cultural characteristics and IVCM manifestations. In conclusion, identifying the IVCM image and cultural characteristics can contribute to rapid diagnosis and proper treatment of fungal keratitis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Merve Onder et al.
Summary: This study aims to develop an algorithm using U-Net architecture for automatically segmenting the parotid gland on CT images of the head and neck, and evaluate its performance. Retrospective analysis of 30 CT volumes resulted in 931 axial images of parotid glands, annotated as ground truth. Images were resized and divided into training, validation, and testing subgroups. A deep convolutional neural network model based on U-Net architecture was developed. Performance evaluation included F1-score, precision, sensitivity, and AUC statistics. The AI model achieved an F1-score, precision, and sensitivity of 1 in segmenting the parotid glands on axial CT slices. The AUC value was 0.96. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using AI models based on deep learning for automatic segmentation of the parotid gland on axial CT images.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yossra Hussain Ali et al.
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop a framework that combines IoT and DL for lung cancer identification. The proposed model utilizes a multi-layered non-local Bayes model to manage the process of early diagnosis. By analyzing its results in terms of accuracy, quality, and system process efficiency, we found that the model can make high-sensitivity and precise predictions based on images compared to other specific results. This model is suitable for real-time health monitoring systems in predicting lung cancer and enables effective decision-making through the use of DL techniques.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio Candel et al.
Summary: Perturbations of the microbiome in different body sites can lead to dysbiosis, which is linked to various diseases. The nasopharyngeal microbiome has been found to affect susceptibility to viral infections. Comprehensive studies on the age- and sex-associated changes in the nasopharyngeal microbiome are necessary for understanding the role of the nasopharynx in disease pathogenesis. The microbiome in the nasopharynx of healthy individuals shows stability and resistance to perturbations throughout life, with age- and sex-associated differences observed at the phylum, family, and genus levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel Nzekwe et al.
Summary: This study investigated the effect of a flavonoid-rich fraction of Monodora tenuifolia seed extract on blood parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The results showed that the extract significantly improved lipid profile, kidney functions, and cardiac biomarkers in diabetic rats, as well as increased HDL-cholesterol concentration. These findings suggest that the extract could be a potential treatment for diabetic nephropathy and cardiomyopathy.
Article
Orthopedics
Jasmin Wilson et al.
Summary: Despite increased awareness for promoting diversity, orthopaedics remains one of the least diverse specialties. Studying health care providers in women's professional sports provides a unique opportunity to analyze gender and racial diversity. The study found that while there were more female athletic trainers (ATCs) than female team physicians (HTPs) in women's professional sports leagues, both groups lack perceived racial diversity.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gyu Seong Heo et al.
Summary: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of cardiovascular disease, and nuclear imaging methods can accurately assess its severity, guide targeted molecular therapies, and predict outcomes and patient risks.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Education & Educational Research
Taha Bin Arif et al.
MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deniss Vasiljevs et al.
Summary: This study aimed to test the feasibility and safety signals of co-registration iFR-guided one-stage complete revascularization compared with standard staged angiography-guided PCI in patients with MV ACS. The results showed that the duration and volume of contrast media were significantly higher in the iFR-guided group. However, there were no significant differences in PCI-related major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between the groups during acute hospitalization and at 3-months follow-up. One-stage iFR-guided PCI requires fewer attempts for complete revascularization compared to angiography-guided staged PCI.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Emergency Medicine
Kelly O'Brien et al.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Linda J. Resnik et al.
Summary: This study aimed to modify the OPUS CSD instrument to incorporate issues of concern to women and evaluate its validity and reliability in individuals with upper limb amputation. The results identified three subscales related to comfort, appearance, and utility, with evidence of sound concurrent structural and test-retest reliability and concurrent validity. The modified CSD showed good correlations with the original CSD and a satisfaction scale for amputation and prosthesis experience.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yan Xu et al.
Summary: This paper investigates the issue of image blocking artifacts when using a neural network to process high-resolution images and proposes a fusion method to address it. By assigning weights to each pixel in a patch, the proposed method effectively removes blocking artifacts and shows superior performance compared to five commonly available fusion methods.
COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yufei Chen et al.
Summary: In this paper, a target-aware U-Net model with fuzzy skip connection and target attention mechanism is proposed for pancreas segmentation. The method achieves better results compared to other state-of-the-art models on two datasets.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Francisco Jose Lopez-Jaime et al.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chandan Kakkar et al.
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the MRI findings of 8 children with Leigh syndrome and found that the brainstem was the most commonly affected region. Diffusion restriction was correlated with the clinical presentation of the patients.
ANNALS OF AFRICAN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Yan Yan et al.
Summary: The field of deep learning in tumor diagnosis is currently a hot research topic, with convolutional neural networks showing accuracy and high performance, potentially providing effective improvement in medical tasks. New medical imaging technology and computer-aided diagnosis have attracted more attention in the medical field, playing a crucial role in improving the accuracy of early tumor diagnosis.
Article
Dermatology
Farah Andleeb et al.
Summary: The study utilized optical coherence angiography to characterize vasculature inside and surrounding brain tumors in a murine xenograft model. Results showed that vessels outside the tumor have a greater fractional blood volume and that vessels inside the tumor are more tortuous. Vessels near the tumor margin are directed inward towards the tumor while normal vessels have a more random orientation.
LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Simon Poblete et al.
Summary: Studying the three-dimensional reconstruction of RNA is crucial for understanding the functions of proteinaceus capsids, but RNA self-association remains an open question. Recent chemical probing reports provide reliable secondary structures of diverse RNA ensembles. The proposed method combines a coarse-grained model with a subdomain composition scheme to reconstruct the complete 3D structure of RNA genomes based on experimental techniques.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Fouzia Altaf et al.
