期刊
POLITICAL RESEARCH EXCHANGE
卷 5, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/2474736X.2023.2182696
关键词
Social media; European Commission; political advertisements; digital campaigning; regulatory governance
This paper examines the process of self-regulation of social media platforms, focusing on the case of political advertisements on Facebook during the 2019 European elections. The study finds that the European Commission chose self-regulation due to both media-centric and politics-centric factors, and identifies the reasons why the Commission was unable to address Facebook's deviating policy on online political advertisements.
Digital campaigns are an increasingly important facet of political campaigning. As a consequence, calls to regulate online political advertising have become louder. Yet, how digital campaigning and social media platforms should be regulated has been the subject of intense debate. In this paper, we combine a principal-agent perspective with a process-tracing methodology to examine the process of self-regulation of social media platforms. This developed mechanism is applied to the case of political advertisements on Facebook in the context of the 2019 European elections. We analyse the motivation of the European Commission to opt for self-regulation and explain the mismatch between the goals of the European Commission regarding online political campaigning on the one hand, and the deviating implementation of Facebook on the other hand. We find that both media-centric and politics-centric factors led the Commission to choose for self-regulation and identified how a combination of an incomplete contract and insufficient monitoring instruments prevented the Commission from tackling Facebook's deviating policy with regard to online political advertisements.
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