☆ 4.2 Review

Mechanistic advances in osteoporosis and anti-osteoporosis therapies

MEDCOMM (2023)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association of Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level With Risk of Fractures in Healthy Older Adults

Sultana Monira Hussain et al.

Summary: This study examines the association between higher levels of HDL-C and increased fracture risk in healthy older adults. The results show that each 1-SD increment in HDL-C level is associated with a 14% higher risk of fractures, independent of common risk factors. The findings suggest that HDL-C may play a role in bone health and fracture risk.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2023)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Body Weight With Response to Vitamin D Supplementation and Metabolism

Deirdre K. Tobias et al.

Summary: The effects of vitamin D supplementation are reduced for individuals with higher body mass index (BMI), and baseline BMI may modify the response to vitamin D supplementation. This study suggests that BMI is associated with modified response to vitamin D supplementation and may explain the diminished outcomes observed for individuals with higher BMI.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2023)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effects of four-year cyclic versus two-year daily teriparatide treatment on volumetric bone density and bone strength in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

Aravinda Ganapathy et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the effects of cyclic and daily teriparatide treatment on vBMD and bone strength at the hip and spine. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the improvement of vBMD and bone strength between the two treatment methods in the spine, while the improvement in the hip was smaller.

BONE (2023)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Denosumab in the Treatment of Osteoporosis: 10 Years Later: A Narrative Review

David L. Kendler et al.

Summary: Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, has shown to be highly effective in treating osteoporosis and reducing fracture risk in high-risk patients. Long-term studies have demonstrated gradual increases in bone mineral density and sustained low rates of fractures with minimal side effects.

ADVANCES IN THERAPY (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Vitamin D Supplementation and Fractures in Adults: A Systematic Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Controlled Trials

Marlene Chakhtoura et al.

Summary: This umbrella review investigated the quality and discrepancies of systematic reviews/meta-analyses on vitamin D supplementation for fracture risk reduction in adults. The results show that vitamin D combined with calcium can reduce the risk of hip and any fractures, potentially driven by findings from institutionalized individuals. However, there are discrepancies in results due to different trial inclusion, search periods, eligibility criteria, and methodologies used. Individual participant data meta-analyses and subgroup analysis are recommended to further explore determinants for a beneficial response to supplementation.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

The W9 peptide inhibits osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity by downregulating osteoclast autophagy and promoting osteoclast apoptosis

Yuying Kou et al.

Summary: The W9 peptide has been shown to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity by downregulating osteoclast autophagy and promoting osteoclast apoptosis. The results of this study may contribute to the development of new small molecule peptides for the treatment of bone resorption diseases.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR HISTOLOGY (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Alcohol Consumption, Bone Mineral Density, and Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis

Justyna Godos et al.

Summary: Excess alcohol consumption is detrimental to health, while light-to-moderate alcohol intake may have certain cardiovascular benefits. The role of alcohol consumption in bone mineral density and the risk of osteoporotic fractures is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the relationship between alcohol intake and bone mineral density as well as the risk of osteoporotic fractures.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Nanoparticles functionalized with stem cell secretome and CXCR4-overexpressing endothelial membrane for targeted osteoporosis therapy

Chi Zhang et al.

Summary: This study proposes a method using cell-mimicking and targeted therapeutic nanoparticles to replace stem cells. The results show that in a rat model of osteoporosis, this treatment can accumulate in bone, inhibit osteoclast differentiation, and promote osteogenic proliferation. Additionally, this treatment reduces bone mass attenuation in rats with ovariectomy-induced bone loss.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Drug discovery of sclerostin inhibitors

Sifan Yu et al.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Regulation of TNF-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation

Zhenqiang Yao et al.

Summary: This article discusses the factors and mechanisms that regulate TNF alpha induction of osteoclast formation in bone conditions such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. It also suggests the design of new anti-resorptive agents should focus on downstream molecules of TNF alpha that do not affect its anabolic effect.

CELLS (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

In osteoporosis or osteopenia, exercise interventions improve BMD; effects vary by exercise type and BMD site

Susan M. Ott

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

RANKL inhibition halts lesion progression and promotes bone remineralization in mice with fibrous dysplasia

Zhongyu Liu et al.

Summary: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare bone disease caused by GNAS mutation, and there is currently no cure available. Inhibition of RANKL expression has been identified as a potential therapy for FD. This study evaluated the effects of a small-molecule RANKL inhibitor (A52676293) on a transgenic FD mouse model, and found that it effectively suppressed osteoclastogenesis and halted FD progression. The results suggest that RANKL inhibition could be an effective treatment for FD.

BONE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bisphosphonates and the risk of atypical femur fractures

Dennis M. Black et al.

Summary: Bisphosphonate use is associated with an increased risk of atypical femur fractures (AFFs), but it significantly reduces the risk of hip fractures and osteoporosis. The risk of AFFs varies between Asians and Caucasians, potentially due to differences in femoral geometry.

BONE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Raloxifene Use After Denosumab Discontinuation Partially Attenuates Bone Loss in the Lumbar Spine in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Namki Hong et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effect of raloxifene use after DMab treatment on bone loss. The results showed that raloxifene could attenuate lumbar spine bone density loss in postmenopausal women after discontinuation of DMab treatment.

CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Pharmacological characterization of AS2690168, a novel small molecule RANKL signal transduction inhibitor

Noriyuki Morikawa et al.

Summary: Pathological osteolysis is associated with excessive bone resorption by activated osteoclasts. The RANKL/RANK signaling pathway is a promising target for effective osteoclastogenesis inhibitors. AS2690168, an orally available compound, suppresses bone resorption and shows good pharmacological profiles in vitro and in vivo experiments.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after tooth extraction in patients receiving pharmaceutical treatment for osteoporosis: A retrospective cohort study

Keisuke Seki et al.

Summary: The use of injectable bone resorption inhibitors is associated with a higher risk of developing MRONJ after tooth extraction. The route of administration, duration of medication, and withdrawal period should be carefully considered to prevent MRONJ.

JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Drug therapy for osteoporosis in older adults

Ian R Reid et al.

LANCET (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effect of follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation in postmenopausal women

J. Ha et al.

Summary: The study found that follow-up raloxifene therapy after discontinuing denosumab resulted in a decrease in bone mass to the predenosumab levels and a rebound increase of bone turnover markers. This decrease in bone mineral density was particularly evident in patients with low body mass index, previous vertebral fractures, or low lumbar bone mineral density before denosumab administration.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Interaction between bone and immune cells: Implications for postmenopausal osteoporosis

Verena Fischer et al.

Summary: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic disease caused by the loss of bone mass and increased fracture risk, resulting from reduced estrogen levels after menopause. The alterations of immune cells contribute to the development of bone destruction in addition to the direct negative effects of estrogen-deficiency on bone.

SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Association between parity and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Yimei Yang et al.

Summary: This study found a negative correlation between parity and lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, but no correlation with femoral neck bone mineral density. Additionally, multiple parities were associated with a significantly higher prevalence of lumbar spine osteoporosis.

BMC WOMENS HEALTH (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Drug Discovery of DKK1 Inhibitors

Hewen Jiang et al.

Summary: This article reviews the currently available or under study DKK1 inhibitors and discusses future research prospects.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Efficacy of the Combination of Teriparatide and Denosumab in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Meta-Analysis

Yang Sun et al.

Summary: The study found that a combination treatment of teriparatide and denosumab in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients leads to greater increase in bone density compared to monotherapy, without significant difference in adverse events.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardiovascular risks associated with calcium supplementation in patients with osteoporosis: a nationwide cohort study

Kyoung Jin Kim et al.

Summary: This population-based study aimed to evaluate the real effects of calcium supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes. The study found that calcium supplementation without vitamin D was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Intravenous Transplantation of Human Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorates Trabecular Bone Loss in Osteoporotic Mice

Longshuai Lin et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that intravenous transplantation of human hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hHF-MSCs) can improve trabecular bone mass in osteoporotic mice by enhancing bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. This effect may be mediated by various cytokines including OPG, Wnt2b, VCAM-1, Noggin, and RANKL. The findings provide insights for potential clinical applications in treating osteoporosis with hHF-MSCs.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effect of Vitamin K on Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Salma et al.

Summary: Adequate intake of Vitamin K is associated with improved skeletal health and decreased fracture risk. However, there is insufficient evidence regarding the significant impact of Vitamin K on femoral neck bone density.

BIOMEDICINES (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Assessing the incidence of osteosarcoma among teriparatide-treated patients using linkage of commercial pharmacy and state cancer registry data, contributing to the removal of boxed warning and other labeling changes

Nicole Kellier-Steele et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of osteosarcoma in patients with osteoporosis treated with teriparatide compared to those unexposed to teriparatide and the general population. The results showed that the estimates of association between teriparatide and osteosarcoma were imprecise, but the observed incidence rates were within the expected range for the general population.

BONE (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Human serum albumin-based nanoparticles alter raloxifene administration and improve bioavailability

Shu-Jyuan Yang et al.

Summary: Raloxifene, encapsulated in human serum albumin-based nanoparticles, demonstrates potential for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis by increasing bioavailability and reducing dosage and administration time.

DRUG DELIVERY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Patterns of Osteoporosis Medications Selection After Drug Holiday or Continued Therapy: A Real-World Experience

Michael Morkos et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate physicians' preferences and sequential treatment patterns of osteoporosis therapy. The study found that alendronate was the most common initial treatment, and denosumab was the most common second course of treatment prescribed.

ENDOCRINE PRACTICE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Development of an Orally Active Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-?B Ligand

Kai Yang et al.

Summary: Y1693, a small-molecule inhibitor of RANKL, was found to effectively prevent bone resorption and rescue alveolar bone loss caused by periodontal disease. It showed good tolerability and efficacy in an orally administered mouse model of osteoporosis.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Supplemental Vitamin D and Incident Fractures in Midlife and Older Adults

Meryl S. LeBoff et al.

Summary: The study found that supplementing with vitamin D3 does not significantly reduce the risk of fractures in generally healthy middle-aged and older adults, regardless of total, nonvertebral, or hip fractures.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Novel approaches to bone comorbidity in Cushing's disease: an update

Stefano Frara et al.

Summary: Skeletal complications, including reduced bone mineral density and vertebral fractures, are common in patients with Cushing's disease. A new approach combining various tools is needed to improve diagnosis and management of these bone comorbidities in all CD patients.

PITUITARY (2022)

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Article Biology

Modeling osteoporosis to design and optimize pharmacological therapies comprising multiple drug types

David J. Jorg et al.

Summary: This study develops a mathematical framework to investigate drug interventions for postmenopausal osteoporosis. The study finds that utilizing synergistic interactions between different drug classes can improve gains in bone mineral density.

ELIFE (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Advances in Our Understanding of the Mechanism of Action of Drugs (including Traditional Chinese Medicines) for the Intervention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

Junjie Lu et al.

Summary: Osteoporosis is a silent disease with no obvious symptoms, leading to insufficient treatment and preventive measures. The high disability and mortality rates of OP-related fractures impose a heavy burden on individuals and society. Early intervention and treatment are necessary to reduce fracture risk. This review summarizes the research progress of common anti-OP drugs and targeted therapies to promote pharmacological research and novel drug development.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Efficacy of vitamin K2 in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Ming-ling Ma et al.

Summary: The meta-analysis indicates that VK2 supplementation has a positive effect on maintaining and improving lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, while also reducing fracture incidence, serum uc-OC levels, and the ratio of uc-OC to cOC.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2022)

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Article Rheumatology

Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures: currently available pharmacological options and future directions

Hans P. Dimai et al.

Summary: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Pharmacological treatment is recommended, especially for patients who have suffered a fracture, as their risk of subsequent fractures is significantly increased. This review highlights the available pharmacological treatment options and their efficacy and safety in preventing fractures. Additionally, a potentially promising treatment option involving mesenchymal stem cells is discussed briefly.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH IN CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effects of bisphosphonates on appendicular fracture repair in rodents

Michael Hadjiargyrou

Summary: The balance between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation is crucial for maintaining a healthy skeleton. Osteoporosis, characterized by increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation, leads to weaker bones and a higher risk of fractures. Antiresorptive drugs are commonly used for treatment, but their long-term use may increase the risk of atypical femoral fractures.

BONE (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Enhanced PDGFR/Wnt/β-catenin activity of mesenchymal stem cells with high migration ability rescue bone loss of osteoporosis

Hongxiang Mei et al.

Summary: Osteoporosis is a prevalent disease, and the side effects of clinical drugs have led to increasing focus on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy. This study found that MSCs with high migration capacity exhibited higher osteogenic differentiation ability and could partially rescue bone loss in OVX rats. The higher expression of PDGFRβ and more nuclear transduction of beta-catenin may be responsible for the biological functions of MSCs with high migration ability.

CELLULAR SIGNALLING (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Polypharmacy in Osteoporosis Treatment

Megan McConnell et al.

CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced oral absorption of teriparatide with therapeutic potential for management of osteoporosis

Laxman Subedi et al.

Summary: A system for oral delivery of recombinant human parathyroid hormone was developed to enhance absorption and demonstrate equivalent therapeutic effect compared with subcutaneous injection. The oral formulation showed improved permeability, with crucial roles played by specific transport mechanisms. The oral formulation exhibited similar effects on bone formation and biomarkers as subcutaneous injection, making it an effective therapy for osteoporosis.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Research progress of bone-targeted drug delivery system on metastatic bone tumors

Beibei Hu et al.

Summary: This study introduces the importance of bone-targeted drug delivery systems in cancer treatment and summarizes recent research on bone-targeted anti-tumor therapy, providing new ideas. Bisphosphate is the preferred drug delivery carrier for bone targeting, and its molecular structure plays a crucial role in drug delivery.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification of a binding site on soluble RANKL that can be targeted to inhibit soluble RANK-RANKL interactions and treat osteoporosis

Dane Huang et al.

Summary: This study reports an approach to identify selective and druggable binding sites on protein surfaces for designing anti-osteoporotic drugs. A specific binding site was discovered that allows disruption of a particular protein interaction without interfering with other related interactions. The developed inhibitor demonstrates specificity and anti-osteoporotic effects through in vitro and in vivo studies.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Development of Clinical Weekly-Dose Teriparatide Acetate Encapsulated Dissolving Microneedle Patch for Efficient Treatment of Osteoporosis

Jeeho Sim et al.

Summary: In this study, researchers successfully delivered teriparatide acetate (TA) through transdermal administration using dissolving microneedles (DMNs), enhancing the treatment efficacy of osteoporosis.

POLYMERS (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Osteoclast Recycling and the Rebound Phenomenon Following Denosumab Discontinuation

Albert S. Kim et al.

Summary: The purpose of this review is to explore the rebound increase in bone resorption following denosumab discontinuation and the potential mechanisms behind it. Recent studies suggest that osteoclasts are longer lived cells capable of undergoing fission into a novel cell type (the osteomorph) and re-fusion in a process termed osteoclast recycling. This provides a new framework to examine changes in osteoclast biology in response to bone disease treatment and offers potential for personalized medicine.

CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Vitamin D and musculoskeletal health: outstanding aspects to be considered in the light of current evidence

Marcela Moraes Mendes et al.

Summary: Vitamin D is crucial for musculoskeletal health, enhancing calcium absorption and bone mineralization and promoting muscle function. However, low vitamin D levels can lead to bone loss and muscle weakness. There is a need for consistent data to establish realistic recommendations for vitamin D status, as there is currently a lack of consensus on thresholds for deficiency and optimal levels, as well as the best intake and supplementation strategies and the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D.

ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Ospemifene on Densitometric and Plasma Bone Metabolism Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Women Reporting Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy (VVA)

Silvia Maffei et al.

Summary: Menopausal hormone deficiency can have multiple effects on various organs, with vulvovaginal atrophy being one of the most widespread and disabling post-menopausal disorders. Ospemifene therapy shows positive effects on bone metabolism and mineral parameters in postmenopausal women with VVA/GSM.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Strontium-incorporated bioceramic scaffolds for enhanced osteoporosis bone regeneration

Qianju Wu et al.

Summary: This study aimed to fabricate bioactive scaffolds by incorporating strontium into modified amino-functional mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) and investigate their bioactivity in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the strontium-incorporated scaffolds had good biocompatibility and enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic capacities. In addition, bioinformatics analysis suggested that the scaffolds could reduce reactive oxygen species levels in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the osteoporotic model, playing an anti-osteoporosis role while promoting osteogenesis.

BONE RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Timing of osteoporosis therapies following fracture: the current status

Rajan Palui et al.

Summary: In patients with osteoporosis, it is crucial to initiate medications early after a fragility fracture to prevent future fractures and reduce mortality and morbidity. Studies have shown that early use of bisphosphonates and teriparatide has no negative effect on fracture healing and may even reduce healing time.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Diagnostic yield of bone fragility gene panel sequencing in children and young adults referred for idiopathic primary osteoporosis at a single regional reference centre

Coline Rouleau et al.

Summary: This study described the clinical and bone characteristics in a large cohort of children and young adults with idiopathic primary osteoporosis, and highlighted the importance of identifying genetic variants through genomic sequencing in these patients.

BONE REPORTS (2022)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveal the Protective Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Against Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Mice

Weizhou Wang et al.

Summary: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (BMSCT) has shown promising effects in reducing bone loss induced by ovarietomy in mice, improving bone tissue mechanical properties, and potentially serving as a treatment strategy for osteoporosis. Metabolomic studies identified 18 potential biomarkers associated with the anti-osteoporotic effect of BMSCT, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and importance of understanding the role of exogenous BMSCs in osteoporosis management.

CELL TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Review Oncology

Factors influencing peak bone mass gain

Xiaowei Zhu et al.

Summary: Bone mass is crucial for osteoporosis and fracture risk. Factors such as race, gender, genetics, and lifestyle habits influence peak bone mass, with lifestyle factors playing a significant role in optimizing bone health and reducing osteoporosis risk in later life. Maximizing peak bone mass in adolescence and young adulthood can help reduce the risk of low bone mass or osteoporosis in the future.

FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Osteoclast differentiation by RANKL and OPG signaling pathways

Nobuyuki Udagawa et al.

Summary: Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play essential roles in bone remodeling, with the regulation of RANKL and OPG expression being a key mechanism. The balance between these factors is crucial for maintaining bone density and preventing bone loss.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Teriparatide Did Not Increase Adult Osteosarcoma Incidence in a 15-Year US Postmarketing Surveillance Study

Alicia Gilsenan et al.

Summary: The Osteosarcoma Surveillance Study in the US from 2003 to 2016 did not find a significant association between teriparatide treatment and osteosarcoma, with the incidence rate aligning with the background rate. Interviewed patients had similar characteristics to non-interviewed patients, and the prevalence of risk factors like radiation history and Paget's disease was low in the osteosarcoma cohort.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Norlichexanthone purified from plant endophyte prevents postmenopausal osteoporosis by targeting ER alpha to inhibit RANKL signaling

Keqi Wang et al.

Summary: This study identified NOR as a natural and high affinity ligand of ER alpha with substantial anti-osteoporosis potential, demonstrating its ability to promote osteoblast formation and inhibit osteoclast formation in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mesenchymal stem cells prevent ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis formation in mice through intraosseous vascular remodeling

Weizhou Wang et al.

Summary: MSCs transplantation effectively promoted bone density and trabecular number in ovariectomized mice, as well as enhanced vascular repair and prevented osteoporosis development in mice with femoral artery ligation.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Parathyroid hormone and its related peptides in bone metabolism

Tianhong Chen et al.

Summary: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates bone metabolism by binding to PTH1R, promoting both bone formation and bone resorption. Developing improved PTH-related peptides may address the shortcomings of teriparatide.

BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Orthopedics

Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis with vertebral fractures: a systematic review

Ying Qian et al.

Summary: Pregnancy and lactation-related osteoporosis (PLO) with vertebral fractures is a rare clinical condition that mainly affects older and thinner pregnant women, often occurring in the first pregnancy. Patients typically experience back pain in the late stages of pregnancy and early postpartum period, with most vertebral fractures happening at the L2, L1, and T12 levels.

BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Physiology of Calcium Homeostasis: An Overview

Niina Matikainen et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Skeletal abnormalities in Hypoparathyroidism and in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Barbara C. Silva et al.

Summary: Both hypoparathyroidism and primary hyperparathyroidism can affect bone health differently. In hypoparathyroidism, deficiency of PTH leads to reduced bone remodeling, while in primary hyperparathyroidism, excess PTH causes increased bone remodeling.

REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle: A Promising Alternative Therapy for Osteoporosis

Cheng-Hsiu Lu et al.

Summary: Osteoporosis is a chronic metabolic bone disease that mainly affects postmenopausal women and older people. Bisphosphonates are currently the main therapeutic agents, but their limited efficacy and various side effects highlight the need for alternative therapies.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator-Like Activities of Herba epimedii Extract and its Interactions With Tamoxifen and Raloxifene in Bone Cells and Tissues

Liping Zhou et al.

Summary: Herba epimedii (HEP) shows bone protective activity when used alone or in combination with Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) in rat models with estrogen deficiency, restoring changes in bone mineral density and turnover biomarkers. HEP interacts with SERMs to promote bone health without altering the individual effects of both substances in preventing bone loss caused by hormonal deficiency.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Combination Therapy of PTH and Antiresorptive Drugs on Osteoporosis: A Review of Treatment Alternatives

Chenggui Zhang et al.

Summary: Combination therapy for osteoporosis can have different outcomes, with the combination of teriparatide and denosumab showing the most significant benefits. Further research is needed to determine optimal treatment strategies and methods.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Romosozumab: a Review of Efficacy, Safety, and Cardiovascular Risk

Cy Fixen et al.

Summary: Romosozumab demonstrates significant anti-fracture effects in postmenopausal women at high risk for fractures, but may increase the risk of cardiovascular adverse events, especially in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease or high cardiovascular risk. Additional real-world evidence is needed to further evaluate its safety profile.

CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Spatiotemporally controlled calcitonin delivery: Long-term and targeted therapy of skeletal diseases

Peng Yu et al.

Summary: This article highlights the importance of calcitonin therapy in treating skeletal diseases, including its physiological effects on bone remodeling and four strategies for controlled drug delivery of calcitonin. Additionally, the application of long-term and targeted calcitonin delivery systems in treating hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, and arthritis is discussed.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Comparative efficacy between monoclonal antibodies and conventional drugs in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a network meta-analysis

Qingtao Jiang et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of different pharmacological interventions, focusing on monoclonal antibodies (McAbs), for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporotic women using Bayesian network meta-analysis. Results showed that McAbs had better therapeutic effects in improving lumbar spine bone mineral density compared to conventional chemical agents, with blosozumab identified as the optimal choice.

ANNALS OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Oral Delivery of Parathyroid Hormone Using a Triple-Padlock Nanocarrier for Osteoporosis via an Enterohepatic Circulation Pathway

Jeong Man An et al.

Summary: The triple padlock nanocarrier designed for oral delivery of recombinant human teriparatide showed promising therapeutic effects against osteoporosis in OVX rats by recovering bone marrow density, serum bone parameters, and promoting new bone formation.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SIRT3 consolidates heterochromatin and counteracts senescence

Zhiqing Diao et al.

Summary: The expression of SIRT3 is downregulated in senescent human mesenchymal stem cells, and depletion of SIRT3 leads to compromised cellular integrity and accelerated aging. However, reintroduction of SIRT3 can rescue disorganized heterochromatin and senescence phenotypes.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Plant Sciences

Icariin ameliorates estrogen-deficiency induced bone loss by enhancing IGF-I signaling via its crosstalk with non-genomic ERa signaling

Liping Zhou et al.

Summary: The study revealed that icariin activates both ER alpha and Akt by enhancing rapid induction of IGF-1 signaling in osteoblastic cells for osteogenesis, which may be considered as a novel pathway-selective phytoestrogen for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

PHYTOMEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Extracellular vesicles deposit PCNA to rejuvenate aged bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and slow age-related degeneration

Qian Lei et al.

Summary: Research has shown that extracellular vesicles derived from neonatal umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have anti-aging effects on aging adult stem cells, enhancing their vitality and function. These UC-EVs promote self-renewal and delay senescence in stem cells by transferring specific signaling molecules. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of UC-EVs in anti-aging interventions.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Exosomes derived from 3D-cultured MSCs improve therapeutic effects in periodontitis and experimental colitis and restore the Th17 cell/Treg balance in inflamed periodontium

Yong Zhang et al.

Summary: Our study demonstrated that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in a 3D system (3D-exos) have enhanced anti-inflammatory effects in periodontitis compared to those from a traditional 2D culture system (2D-exos). This improvement is mediated by the increased expression of miR-1246 in 3D-exos, which suppresses Nfat5 expression and restores the Th17 cell/Treg balance in inflamed periodontal tissues. Furthermore, local injection of 3D-exos also attenuated experimental colitis by rebalancing immune responses.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Immunology

Interleukin-17A Interweaves the Skeletal and Immune Systems

Mengjia Tang et al.

Summary: The interaction between the immune and skeletal systems is crucial for maintaining skeletal homeostasis, with IL-17A playing a key role; IL-17A has dual effects on osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and is involved in immune-mediated bone diseases; Understanding the pathophysiological roles of IL-17A may offer potential strategies for treating immune-mediated bone diseases.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Anabolic Bone Stimulus Requires a Pre-Exercise Meal and 45-Minute Walking Impulse of Suprathreshold Speed-Enhanced Momentum to Prevent or Mitigate Postmenopausal Osteoporosis within Circadian Constraints

Qingyun Zheng et al.

Summary: The study found that 40 minutes of downhill exercise with enhanced speed could effectively increase osteogenic ratios, preventing or mitigating postmenopausal osteoporosis in women. In contrast, 40 minutes of uphill exercise did not show the same osteogenic effects, and differed from the effects of exercise performed after a meal.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce senescence and extend health span in mouse models of aging

Akaitz Dorronsoro et al.

Summary: The injection of BM-MSCs from young mice can prolong lifespan and healthspan, while conditioned media (CM) from young BM-MSCs can rescue the function of aged stem cells and senescent fibroblasts. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from young BM-MSC CM can extend lifespan in mice, and EVs from MSCs generated from human ES cells can reduce senescence and improve healthspan.

AGING CELL (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Single Dose of SHR-1222, a Sclerostin Monoclonal Antibody, in Healthy Men and Postmenopausal Women With Low Bone Mass: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation, Phase I Study

Zhijie Dai et al.

Summary: SHR-1222, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting sclerostin, was well tolerated at doses from 50 to 400 mg in this study, showing potential to promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption in individuals with low bone mass.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The hidden secrets of soluble RANKL in bone biology

Jeevithan Elango et al.

Summary: The discovery of TNF in the 20th century revealed important insights into organ development. RANKL plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of skeletal structure, function, and regulation, affecting bone cell generation and behavior. The two forms of RANKL have different roles in osteoclast formation, providing new directions for future research.

CYTOKINE (2021)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Relationship between Structure and Biological Activity of Various Vitamin K Forms

Katarzyna Bus et al.

Summary: Vitamin K is involved in various biological processes, with different forms such as menaquinones and phylloquinone showing varying biological activities and effects on blood coagulation, bone density, and cardiovascular health. Guidelines for recommended doses and forms of vitamin K for preventing osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, and other cardiovascular disorders are currently lacking. Quality and safety of dietary supplements containing vitamin K may be a concern due to the presence of isomers with unknown biological properties.

FOODS (2021)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Cell and Cell-Free Therapies to Counteract Human Premature and Physiological Aging: MSCs Come to Light

Arantza Infante et al.

Summary: The progressive loss of tissue regenerative potential in aging is driven by altered intercellular communication, cell senescence, and stem cell exhaustion. Advanced therapies using young allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives are gaining attention as a potential strategy to counteract age-related consequences. Clinical data supports the strong potential of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies in addressing age-related issues.

JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Oncology

A novel modified RANKL variant can prevent osteoporosis by acting as a vaccine and an inhibitor

Young Jong Ko et al.

Summary: The discovery of a novel RANKL variant that blocks RANKL via LGR4 signaling and generates anti-RANKL antibodies presents an innovative strategy in the development of general immunotherapy for osteoporosis. The modified RANKL variant showed inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis by suppressing NFATc1 expression and activity, ultimately leading to the inhibition of osteoporosis in ovariectomized mouse models. Generated anti-RANKL antibodies demonstrated high inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro.

CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Immunology

Role of interleukin-6 in bone destruction and bone repair in rheumatoid arthritis

Tsutomu Takeuchi et al.

Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a common inflammatory form of arthritis closely associated with bone-related cells and inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of disease progression and joint destruction has become an important clinical goal in the treatment of RA. Recent studies have shown that drug intervention targeting proinflammatory cytokines like IL-6 can not only suppress bone and joint destruction, but also promote bone repair.

AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Estrogen depletion alters osteogenic differentiation and matrix production by osteoblasts in vitro

J. Schiavi et al.

Summary: Estrogen depletion affects osteoblasts' response to mechanical stimulation, leading to changes in differentiation and matrix production. These alterations contribute to the deterioration of bone quality during estrogen depletion, potentially increasing bone fragility in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Vitamin D receptor activated by vitamin D administration alleviates Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced bone destruction by inhibiting NFκB-mediated aberrant osteoclastogenesis

Jiezhong Deng et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that activation of VDR by VD administration inhibits M. tuberculosis-induced bone destruction, suggesting that VD and VDR are potential therapeutic targets for this condition.

FASEB JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins in Skeletal Development and Disease

Michael Stock et al.

Summary: Vitamin K and Vitamin K-dependent proteins play crucial roles in blood coagulation and are also important in skeletal biology and diseases. These proteins have diverse roles in controlling calcification and turnover in bone and cartilage.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Association of sarcopenia with incident osteoporosis: a prospective study of 168,682 UK biobank participants

Fanny Petermann-Rocha et al.

Summary: The study found that pre-sarcopenia in men and sarcopenia in women were associated with a higher risk of developing osteoporosis. Low muscle mass and slow gait speed were associated with an increased risk of incident osteoporosis, while low grip strength was specifically linked to higher risk in men.

JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE (2021)

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Review Immunology

T-Cell Mediated Inflammation in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Di Wu et al.

Summary: Osteoporosis, a common metabolic bone disease, particularly affects middle-aged and elderly women. Menopause is a leading cause of primary osteoporosis in women, and there is a growing recognition of the role of the adaptive immune system in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

IL-1β-driven osteoclastogenic Tregs accelerate bone erosion in arthritis

Anais Levescot et al.

Summary: The study reveals that IL-1 beta contributes to autoimmune arthritis by inducing osteoclastogenic capacity in Tregs, leading to bone erosion.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin K intake and breast cancer incidence and death: results from a prospective cohort study

Kang Wang et al.

Summary: This study found that total menaquinones intake was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and death from breast cancer in the general US population, whereas no significant associations were observed between total vitamin K and phylloquinone intake and breast cancer.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Bioadhesive polymer/lipid hybrid nanoparticles as oral delivery system of raloxifene with enhancive intestinal retention and bioavailability

Xinhui Du et al.

Summary: RLX is a second-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. However, its poor solubility has hindered the development of injectable forms and led to low oral bioavailability. This study introduced a bioadhesive nanosystem for oral delivery of RLX, enhancing its bioavailability and addressing formulation challenges.

DRUG DELIVERY (2021)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Cardiovascular safety of calcium, magnesium and strontium: what does the evidence say?

Elizabeth M. Curtis et al.

Summary: Calcium supplementation in combination with vitamin D is recommended for bone health in those deficient in these nutrients, with no convincing evidence of cardiovascular risks associated. Magnesium supplementation does not have clear benefits for musculoskeletal outcomes, while higher dietary intake and serum concentrations are protective against cardiovascular events. Strontium ranelate, available as a generic medication, has anti-fracture efficacy but an increased risk of thromboembolic disease, while hypotheses of increased myocardial infarction risk have not been widely supported.

AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Emerging insights into the comparative effectiveness of anabolic therapies for osteoporosis

Eben G. Estell et al.

Summary: The mainstay treatment for osteoporosis has traditionally been antiresorptive agents, but declining adherence has led to a plateau in fracture rates reduction. The approval of anabolic agents in the past two decades represents a new approach to improving bone quality and reducing fracture risk, potentially leading to a new clinical paradigm.

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Discovery of potential sclerostin inhibitors from plants with loop2 region of sclerostin inhibition by interacting with residues outside Pro-Asn-Ala-Ile-Gly motif

Wipawadee Yooin et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS (2020)

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Article Biophysics

Effect of SrR delivery in the biomarkers of bone regeneration during the in vitro degradation of HNT/GN coatings prepared by EPD

Seyyed Behnam Abdollahi Boraei et al.

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Modification of the RANKL-RANK-binding site for the immunotherapeutic treatment of osteoporosis

Y. Ko et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Gut microbiota and metabolite alterations associated with reduced bone mineral density or bone metabolic indexes in postmenopausal osteoporosis

Jianquan He et al.

AGING-US (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) signals through osteoblasts via RANKL during fracture healing to affect osteoclasts

Peng Sun et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Favorable skeletal benefit/risk of long-term denosumab therapy: A virtual-twin analysis of fractures prevented relative to skeletal safety events observed

Serge Ferrari et al.

BONE (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Injectable Carrier for Zero-Order Release of Salmon Calcitonin

Zuwei Wang et al.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Mechanical load-induced H2S production by periodontal ligament stem cells activates M1 macrophages to promote bone remodeling and tooth movement via STAT1

Danqing He et al.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Oral Delivery of Teriparatide Using a Nanoemulsion System: Design, in Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation

Bashar M. Altaani et al.

PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bisphosphonates and lifespan

Jacqueline R. Center et al.

BONE (2020)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Parkinson's Disease: Inhibition of T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation and Regulation of Immune Balance Towards a Regulatory T Cell Phenotype

Yong Bi et al.

CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS IN AGING (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Thermosensitive Polysaccharide Hydrogel As a Versatile Platform for Prolonged Salmon Calcitonin Release and Calcium Regulation

Peng Yu et al.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Prospect of Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine in Osteoporosis

Babak Arjmand et al.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

How to manage osteoporosis before the age of 50

S. Rozenberg et al.

MATURITAS (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with bone-forming and antiresorptive treatments: Combined and sequential approaches

Bente Langdahl

BONE (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates and new insights into their effects outside the skeleton

Michael J. Rogers et al.

BONE (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Evaluating the cardiovascular safety of sclerostin inhibition using evidence from meta-analysis of clinical trials and human genetics

Jonas Bovijn et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Dietary Intake of Vitamin D from Dairy Products Reduces the Risk of Osteoporosis

Valeria Polzonetti et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Discovery of Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand with a Superior Therapeutic Index

Vagelis Rinotas et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Psychiatry

Association of Alcohol Intake and Fracture Risk in Elderly Varied by Affected Bones: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study

Sheng-Min Wang et al.

Psychiatry Investigation (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin K and Osteoporosis

Maria Fusaro et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

The Effect of Strontium Ranelate on Fracture Healing: An Animal Study

Ourania I. Koukou et al.

BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Idiopathic Osteoporosis and Nephrolithiasis: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

Domenico Rendina et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects

Peng Yu et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

A review of the latest insights into the mechanism of action of strontium in bone

Daniella Marx et al.

BONE REPORTS (2020)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Bone and skeletal muscle changes in oldest-old women: the role of physical inactivity

Valentina Cavedon et al.

AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

LYN, a key mediator in estrogen-dependent suppression of osteoclast differentiation, survival, and function

Shubhangi Gavali et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abaloparatide, a novel osteoanabolic PTHrP analog, increases cortical and trabecular bone mass and architecture in orchiectomized rats by increasing bone formation without increasing bone resorption

Heidi Chandler et al.

BONE (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Anti-fracture efficacy of zoledronate in subgroups of osteopenic postmenopausal women: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

I. R. Reid et al.

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2019)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Osteoporosis

Juliet E. Compston et al.

LANCET (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Haematopoietic stem cell activity and interactions with the niche

Sandra Pinho et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Development of Small-Molecules Targeting Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand (RANKL)-Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB (RANK) Protein-Protein Interaction by Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Hit Optimization

Min Jiang et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Advanced Genetic Approaches in Discovery and Characterization of Genes Involved With Osteoporosis in Mouse and Human

Jinbo Yuan et al.

FRONTIERS IN GENETICS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hexapeptide-conjugated calcitonin for targeted therapy of osteoporosis

Yanpeng Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2019)

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Review Immunology

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Rheumatoid Arthritis Progression by Controlling Memory T Cell Response

Noymar Luque-Campos et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Estrogen enhances human osteoblast survival and function via promotion of autophagy

Shubhangi Gavali et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Predictors of Poor Bone Microarchitecture Assessed by Trabecular Bone Score in Postsurgical Hypoparathyroidism

Eliane Naomi Sakane et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risk of vertebral fractures in hypoparathyroidism

Anna Maria Formenti et al.

REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS (2019)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Nutritional Support and Physical Modalities for People with Osteoporosis: Current Opinion

Li-Ru Chen et al.

NUTRIENTS (2019)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

An atlas of genetic influences on osteoporosis in humans and mice

John A. Morris et al.

NATURE GENETICS (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Combination therapy with parathyroid hormone analogs and antiresorptive agents for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

S. Lou et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2019)

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Review Physiology

THE ACTIVITY OF PEPTIDES OF THE CALCITONIN FAMILY IN BONE

Dorit Naot et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2019)

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Review Anesthesiology

Calcitonin as an analgesic agent: review of mechanisms of action and clinical applications

Javad Yazdani et al.

REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Odanacatib for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: results of the LOFT multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and LOFT Extension study

Michael R. McClung et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Efficacy of an orally active small-molecule inhibitor of RANKL in bone metastasis

Yuta Nakai et al.

BONE RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Physiology

Abaloparatide exhibits greater osteoanabolic response and higher cAMP stimulation and β-arrestin recruitment than teriparatide

Karim Sahbani et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS (2019)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D and Calcium for the Prevention of Fracture A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Pang Yao et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Thyroid diseases and bone health

G. R. Williams et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

W9 peptide enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells

Yuki Otsuki et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

MSC exosomes mediate cartilage repair by enhancing proliferation, attenuating apoptosis and modulating immune reactivity

Shipin Zhang et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

In silico discovery of quinoxaline derivatives as novel LRP5/6-sclerostin interaction inhibitors

Jiwon Choi et al.

BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2018)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Divergent effects of strontium and calcium-sensing receptor positive allosteric modulators (calcimimetics) on human osteoclast activity

Natalie A. Diepenhorst et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2018)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Role of nutritional vitamin D in osteoporosis treatment

Yi-Chou Hou et al.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2018)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Susan J. Curry et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2018)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Leila C. Kahwati et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2018)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

G protein-coupled receptors as anabolic drug targets in osteoporosis

Natalie Diepenhorst et al.

PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Bone-related Circulating MicroRNAs miR-29b-3p, miR-550a-3p, and miR-324-3p and their Association to Bone Microstructure and Histomorphometry

Xaver Feichtinger et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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Review Immunology

Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation by Cytokine Networks

Dulshara Sachini Amarasekara et al.

IMMUNE NETWORK (2018)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Design of a transdermal formulation containing raloxifene nanoparticles for osteoporosis treatment

Noriaki Nagai et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE (2018)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

In Silico Discovery of Plant-Origin Natural Product Inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL)

Georgia Melagraki et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Epidemiology of parathyroid disorders

Sudhaker D. Rao

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2018)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

In situ misemgel as a multifunctional dual-absorption platform for nasal delivery of raloxifene hydrochloride: formulation, characterization, and in vivo performance

Osama A. A. Ahmed et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE (2018)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Long noncoding RNA Bmncr regulates mesenchymal stem cell fate during skeletal aging

Chang-Jun Li et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Autophagy controls mesenchymal stem cell properties and senescence during bone aging

Yang Ma et al.

AGING CELL (2018)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abaloparatide Is an Anabolic, but Does It Spare Resorption?

T. John Martin et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2017)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cathepsin K Inhibitors for Osteoporosis: Biology, Potential Clinical Utility, and Lessons Learned

Matthew T. Drake et al.

ENDOCRINE REVIEWS (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Treatment Sequence Matters: Anabolic and Antiresorptive Therapy for Osteoporosis

Felicia Cosman et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

BPS804 Anti-Sclerostin Antibody in Adults With Moderate Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Results of a Randomized Phase 2a Trial

Francis H. Glorieux et al.

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FOXP1 controls mesenchymal stem cell commitment and senescence during skeletal aging

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Targeting cellular senescence prevents age-related bone loss in mice

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Strontium ranelate stimulates trabecular bone formation in a rat tibial bone defect healing process

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OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2017)

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Review Physiology

ESTROGENS AND ANDROGENS IN SKELETAL PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

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PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2017)

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Comparing the incidence of bone tumors in rats chronically exposed to the selective PTH type 1 receptor agonist abaloparatide or PTH(1-34)

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Tissue source determines the differentiation potentials of mesenchymal stem cells: a comparative study of human mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue

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STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2017)

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Cheminformatics-aided discovery of small-molecule Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) dual inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL)

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LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2017)

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CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS (2017)

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DARU-JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (2017)

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v' Treatment of OPG-deficient mice with WP9QY, a RANKL-binding peptide, recovers alveolar bone loss by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and enhancing osteoblastogenesis

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Porphyrin Derivatives Inhibit the Interaction between Receptor Activator of NF-B and Its Ligand

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Calcitonin-Loaded Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Long-Term Antiosteopenia Therapy

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Immune dysfunctionality of replicative senescent mesenchymal stromal cells is corrected by IFNγ priming

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An overview and management of osteoporosis

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY (2017)

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Binding Selectivity of Abaloparatide for PTH-Type-1-Receptor Conformations and Effects on Downstream Signaling

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Peptide-induced de novo bone formation after tooth extraction prevents alveolar bone loss in a murine tooth extraction model

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2016)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of oral salmon calcitonin in the treatment of osteoporosis

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EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY (2016)

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Safety issues and adverse reactions with osteoporosis management

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EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG SAFETY (2016)

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Exosomes Secreted by Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Repair Critical-Sized Bone Defects through Enhanced Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis in Osteoporotic Rats

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Circulating microRNA Signatures in Patients With Idiopathic and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

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Gonadal steroid-dependent effects on bone turnover and bone mineral density in men

Joel S. Finkelstein et al.

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Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Delivery of RANKL-Binding Peptide OP3-4 Promotes BMP-2-Induced Maxillary Bone Regeneration

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Design of a RANK-Mimetic Peptide Inhibitor of Osteoclastogenesis with Enhanced RANKL-Binding Affinity

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MOLECULES AND CELLS (2016)

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NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2016)

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A bispecific antibody targeting sclerostin and DKK-1 promotes bone mass accrual and fracture repair

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

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Genetics of osteoporosis: searching for candidate genes for bone fragility

Manuela G. M. Rocha-Braz et al.

ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLISM (2016)

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Osteoblast Differentiation at a Glance

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MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR BASIC RESEARCH (2016)

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Identification of Novel Small Molecules That Bind to the Loop2 Region of Sclerostin - an in silico Computational Analysis

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PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2016)

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Medical professionals' perceptions regarding therapeutic adherence in patients with osteoporosis

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REVISTA DE OSTEOPOROSIS Y METABOLISMO MINERAL (2016)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Senescence in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Functional Changes and Implications in Stem Cell-Based Therapy

Valentina Turinetto et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2016)

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Muscle and bone, two interconnected tissues

Camille Tagliaferri et al.

AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS (2015)

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Mesenchymal stem cell aging: Mechanisms and influences on skeletal and non-skeletal tissues

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EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2015)

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Efficacy, effectiveness and side effects of medications used to prevent fractures

I. R. Reid

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2015)

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Denosumab and teriparatide transitions in postmenopausal osteoporosis (the DATA-Switch study): extension of a randomised controlled trial

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Daam2-PIP5K Is a Regulatory Pathway for Wnt Signaling and Therapeutic Target for Remyelination in the CNS

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Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells inhibited T follicular helper cell generation in rheumatoid arthritis

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2015)

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Formulation, development and optimization of raloxifene-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for treatment of osteoporosis

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DRUG DELIVERY (2015)

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Heritability of Bone Mineral Density in a Multivariate Family-Based Study

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CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL (2014)

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Calcium nephrolithiasis and bone demineralization: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medical management

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CURRENT OPINION IN UROLOGY (2014)

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Enhanced Immunoprotective Effects by Anti-IL-17 Antibody Translates to Improved Skeletal Parameters Under Estrogen Deficiency Compared With Anti-RANKL and Anti-TNF-α Antibodies

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The Recent Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Low Bone Mass in the United States Based on Bone Mineral Density at the Femoral Neck or Lumbar Spine

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JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2014)

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Thyroid Disorders in Older Adults

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ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (2013)

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Comparative Analysis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Umbilical Cord Blood as Sources of Cell Therapy

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2013)

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Estrogen receptor-α signaling in osteoblast progenitors stimulates cortical bone accrual

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2013)

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Review Cell Biology

Estrogen receptor α and β in the normal immune system and in lymphoid malignancies

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MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY (2013)

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HIF1α is required for osteoclast activation by estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal osteoporosis

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Estrogen facilitates osteoblast differentiation by upregulating bone morphogenetic protein-4 signaling

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STEROIDS (2013)

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Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Their Conditioned Medium Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Nude Mice

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TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Orally available pyridinylpyrimidine derivatives as novel RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis inhibitors

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BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2012)

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Calcium and bone

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CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY (2012)

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Antibiotic effects on bacterial profile in osteonecrosis of the jaw

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ORAL DISEASES (2012)

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Osteoclast activity modulates B-cell development in the bone marrow

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CELL RESEARCH (2011)

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Trabecular Bone Microstructure and Local Gene Expression in Iliac Crest Biopsies of Men With Idiopathic Osteoporosis

Janina M. Patsch et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2011)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The Genetics of Bone Loss: Challenges and Prospects

Braxton D. Mitchell et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2011)

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Parathyroid hormone regulates osteoblast differentiation in a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent manner

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MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY (2011)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

From Estrogen-Centric to Aging and Oxidative Stress: A Revised Perspective of the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis

Stavros C. Manolagas

ENDOCRINE REVIEWS (2010)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor stimulate the formation of human osteoclastlike cells in vitro

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JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2010)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Evidence for a diminished maturation of preosteoblasts into osteoblasts during aging in rats: An ultrastructural analysis

P.J.M. Roholl et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2010)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Estrogen Augments Shear Stress-Induced Signaling and Gene Expression in Osteoblast-like Cells via Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Expression of β1-Integrin

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Lasofoxifene in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

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NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2010)

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Structure-based development of a receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitor peptide and molecular basis for osteopetrosis

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2010)

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Article Immunology

A regulatory cross-talk between Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes and mesenchymal stem cells

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2009)

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Estrogen inhibits RANKL-stimulated osteoclastic differentiation of human monocytes through estrogen and RANKL-regulated interaction of estrogen receptor-α with BCAR1 and Traf6

Lisa J. Robinson et al.

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH (2009)

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Persistent DNA damage signalling triggers senescence-associated inflammatory cytokine secretion

Francis Rodier et al.

NATURE CELL BIOLOGY (2009)

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Effect of impact exercise on bone metabolism

A. Vainionpaa et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2009)

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Donor age and cell passage affects differentiation potential of murine bone marrow-derived stem cells

James D. Kretlow et al.

BMC CELL BIOLOGY (2008)

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Visualizing mineral binding and uptake of bisphosphonate by osteoclasts and non-resorbing cells

Fraser P. Coxon et al.

BONE (2008)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Dual effect of strontium ranelate: Stimulation of osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of osteoclast formation and resorption in vitro

Edith Bonnelye et al.

BONE (2008)

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Review Cell Biology

Estrogen deficiency, T cells and bone loss

Roberto Pacifici

CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2008)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Active intestinal calcium transport in the absence of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 6 and calbindin-D9k

Bryan S. Benn et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY (2008)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The cell biology of parathyroid hormone in osteoblasts

Stavroula Kousteni et al.

Current Osteoporosis Reports (2008)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Estrogen prevents bone loss via estrogen receptor α and induction of Fas ligand in osteoclasts

Takashi Nakamura et al.

CELL (2007)

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Leukemia inhibitory factor influences the fate choice of mesenchymal progenitor cells

Dominic Falconi et al.

STEM CELLS (2007)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Mouse Osteoblastic Cell Line (MC3T3-E1) Expresses Extracellular Calcium (Ca2+o)-Sensing Receptor and Its Agonists Stimulate Chemotaxis and Proliferation of MC3T3-E1 Cells

Toru Yamaguchi et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2006)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

A TNF receptor loop peptide mimic blocks RANK ligand-induced signaling, bone resorption, and bone loss

Kazuhiro Aoki et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2006)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

The renal Na+/phosphate cotransporter NaPi-IIa is internalized via the receptor-mediated endocytic route in response to parathyroid hormone

D Bacic et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2006)

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Article Cell Biology

p53 functions as a negative regulator of osteoblastogenesis, osteoblast-dependent osteoclastogenesis, and bone remodeling

XY Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2006)

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Review Immunology

B cells and osteoblast and osteoclast development

MC Horowitz et al.

IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2005)

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LRP5 gene polymorphisms and idiopathic osteoporosis in men

SL Ferrari et al.

BONE (2005)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Small-molecule inhibition of TNF-α

MM He et al.

SCIENCE (2005)

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Article Cell Biology

Evidence of reciprocal regulation between the high extracellular calcium and RANKL signal transduction pathways in RAW cell derived osteoclasts

JK Xu et al.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2005)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Disabling of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) receptor complex by novel osteoprotegerin-like peptidomimetics restores bone loss in vivo

X Cheng et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2004)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

IL-6, RANKL, TNF-alpha/IL-1: interrelations in bone resorption pathophysiology

KT Steeve et al.

CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS (2004)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

A longitudinal study of bone-related biochemical changes at the menopause

BEC Nordin et al.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2004)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Telomere shortening triggers senescence of human cells through a pathway involving ATM, p53, and p21CIP1, but not p16INK4a

U Herbig et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2004)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone remodeling increases substantially in the years after menopause and remains increased in older osteoporosis patients

R Recker et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2004)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A DNA damage checkpoint response in telomere-initiated senescence

FD di Fagagna et al.

NATURE (2003)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The effects of parathyroid hormone and alendronate alone or in combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis

DM Black et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2003)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Characterization of PTH/PTHrP receptor in rat duodenum: Effects of ageing

C Gentili et al.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY (2003)

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Article Cell Biology

Mechanical loading: biphasic osteocyte survival and targeting of osteoclasts for bone destruction in rat cortical bone

BS Noble et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY (2003)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Role of RANK ligand in mediating increased bone resorption in early postmenopausal women

G Eghbali-Fatourechi et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2003)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Regulation of intestinal NaPi-IIb cotransporter gene expression by estrogen

H Xu et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY (2003)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

p53 mutant mice that display early ageing-associated phenotypes

SD Tyner et al.

NATURE (2002)

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Review Physiology

Mechanisms of estrogen action

S Nilsson et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2001)

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Review Immunology

Nitric oxide and bone

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IMMUNOLOGY (2001)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Functional gap junctions between osteocytic and osteoblastic cells

CE Yellowley et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2000)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Estrogens suppress RANK ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation via a stromal cell independent mechanism involving c-Jun repression

NK Shevde et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2000)

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Article Immunology

Tumor necrosis factor α stimulates osteoclast differentiation by a mechanism independent of the ODF/RANKL-RANK interaction

K Kobayashi et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2000)

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Review Rheumatology

Bone loss - Epidemiology of bone loss

DJ Hunter et al.

ARTHRITIS RESEARCH (2000)

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