期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
卷 5, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.100930
关键词
cervical length; neonatal morbidity; periviability; prematurity; preterm birth; short-ened cervix; viability
This study aimed to determine whether cervical cerclage reduces the risk of preterm birth in singleton pregnancies with a short cervical length detected after 24 weeks of gestation. Data from 4 randomized controlled trials were analyzed, and the results showed that cervical cerclage did not reduce or increase the rate of preterm birth in these pregnancies.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether cervical cerclage for a transvaginal ultra-sound-detected short cervical length after 24 weeks of gestation in singleton pregnancies reduces the risk for preterm birth.DATA SOURCES: Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Tri-als were searched using the following terms: cerclage, cervical, uterine cervical incompe-tence, obstetrical surgical procedures, cervix uteri, randomized controlled trial, and controlled clinical trial.STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: All randomized controlled trials comparing cerclage placement with no cerclage in singleton gestations with a transvaginal ultrasound-detected short cervical length <= 25 mm between 24+0/7 and 29+6/7 weeks of gestation were eligible for inclusion.METHODS: Individual patient-level data from each trial were collected. If an eligible trial included patients with both multiple and singleton gestations with a short cervical length detected either before or after 24+0/7 weeks of gestation, only singletons who presented at or after 24+0/7 weeks were included. The primary outcome was preterm birth <37 weeks' gestation. Secondary outcomes included preterm birth <34, <32, and <28 weeks' gestation, gestational age at delivery, latency, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, and adverse neonatal outcomes. Individual patient-level data from each trial were analyzed using a 2-stage approach. Pooled relative risks or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated as appropriate.RESULTS: Data from the 4 eligible randomized controlled trials were included. A total of 131 singletons presented at 24+0/7 to 26+6/7 weeks of gestation and were further analyzed; there were no data on patients with a cerclage at 27+0/7 weeks' gestation or later. Of those included, 66 (50.4%) were in the cerclage group and 65 (49.6%) were in the no cerclage group. The rate of preterm birth <37 weeks' gestation was similar between patients who were randomized to the cerclage group and those who were randomized to the no cerclage group (27.3% vs 38.5%; relative risk, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-1.28). Secondary outcomes including pre-term birth <34, <32, and <28 weeks' gestation, gestational age at delivery, time interval from randomization to delivery, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, and adverse neonatal out-comes such as low birthweight, very low birthweight, and perinatal death were similar between the 2 groups. Planned subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant differences in the rate of preterm birth <37 weeks' gestation between the 2 groups when compared based on cer-vical length measurement (<= 15 mm or <= 10 mm), gestational age at randomization (24+0/7 to 24+6/7 weeks or 25+0/7 to 26+6/7 weeks), or history of preterm birth.CONCLUSION: Cervical cerclage did not reduce or increase the rate of preterm birth among sin-gleton pregnancies with a short cervical length detected after 24 weeks of gestation. Because there was a 22% nonsignificant decrease in preterm birth associated with cerclage, which is a similar amount of risk reduction often associated with ultrasound-indicated cerclage before 24 weeks' gestation, further randomized controlled trials in this patient population are warranted.
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