☆ 4.2 Review

Illustrated State-of-the-Art Capsules of the ISTH 2023 Congress

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2023)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Gut-derived low-grade endotoxaemia, atherothrombosis and cardiovascular disease

Francesco Violi et al.

Summary: This article reviews the role of low-grade endotoxaemia in atherothrombosis, focusing on mechanisms such as gut dysbiosis and changes in gut permeability, as well as the relationship between low-grade endotoxaemia and cardiovascular events, and potential therapeutic tools.

NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY (2023)

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Article Hematology

Fibrin clot properties and thrombus composition in cirrhosis

Ellen G. Driever et al.

Summary: Patients with cirrhosis exhibit hemostatic alterations that affect clot quality and composition. In this review, we discuss in vitro studies on fibrin clot formation and changes in fibrinogen in cirrhosis patients. Additionally, we present recent findings on portal vein thrombi in cirrhosis patients. Thrombin generation capacity and plasma fibrinogen levels are increased in mild cirrhosis, but there is delayed fibrin polymerization and decreased factor XIII levels. As the disease advances, plasma fibrinogen levels decrease, but thrombin generation capacity remains elevated. Fibrinogen undergoes posttranslational protein modifications in cirrhosis patients. Fibrin clot permeability is decreased in cirrhosis patients, possibly due to these modifications. Most patients have normal fibrinolytic potential. Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis is often a misnomer, as it is often a thickened portal vein wall rather than a true thrombus. Platelet and anemia in cirrhosis may also impact clot stability and composition, but further research is needed. Finally, we summarize abstracts presented at the ISTH 2022 meeting in London on fibrin formation and clot quality.

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2023)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

ESC 2022 guidelines on cardio-oncology in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), European Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC- OS) developed by the Cardio-Oncology Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Alexander R. Lyon et al.

GIORNALE ITALIANO DI CARDIOLOGIA (2023)

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Article Hematology

Assays to quantify fibrinolysis: strengths and limitations. Communication from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Scientific and Standardization Committee on fibrinolysis

Ze Zheng et al.

Summary: Fibrinolysis is a series of enzymatic reactions that degrade insoluble fibrin. The quantity and quality of fibrinolytic enzymes, their inhibitors, and clot structure determine overall fibrinolysis. Various assays can be used to measure fibrinolysis activity and potential, but interpreting the data and understanding the contributions of individual components can be challenging due to temporal changes and complex terminology. This review aims to summarize these assays, aid data interpretation, and provide an overview of their strengths and limitations.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2023)

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Article Hematology

The von Willebrand factor A-1 domain binding aptamer BT200 elevates plasma levels of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII: a first-in-human trial

Katarina D. Kovacevic et al.

Summary: This study confirmed the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of BT200 as a VWF A1 domain binding aptamer in humans and identified a novel mechanism of action for BT200.

HAEMATOLOGICA (2022)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardio-Oncology Drug Interactions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Craig J. Beavers et al.

Summary: In the population of cardio-oncology, drug interactions play a significant role due to the complexity of drugs and potential risks. It is important for clinicians to recognize potential drug-drug interactions to minimize risks in cardiovascular or cancer therapies. This scientific statement provides an overview of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic drug interactions for clinicians treating cancer patients exposed to common cardiovascular and cancer medications.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Hematology

Single platelet and megakaryocyte morpho-dynamics uncovered by multicolor reporter mouse strains in vitro and in vivo

Leo Nicolai et al.

Summary: Visualizing cell behavior and effector function on a single cell level has been crucial for understanding key aspects of mammalian biology. The use of platelet lineage multicolor reporter mice allows for delineating platelet function at a single cell level, providing important insights into platelet and MK biology.

HAEMATOLOGICA (2022)

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Review Hematology

Systematic review of hematuria and acute renal failure with tranexamic acid

Stephanie G. Lee et al.

Summary: There are limited studies evaluating the risk of renal failure in patients with hematuria who were exposed to TXA, and the available data does not suggest an increased risk.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY (2022)

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Article Hematology

EHA Guidelines on Management of Antithrombotic Treatments in Thrombocytopenic Patients With Cancer

Anna Falanga et al.

Summary: Thrombocytopenia is a common condition in cancer patients and can limit the use of antithrombotic treatments. Owing to the increased risk of bleeding and the potential interactions with anticancer medications, managing thrombocytopenia in cancer patients requires special attention. The European Hematology Association and the European Society of Cardiology have collaborated to provide clinical practice guidelines for the management of cancer patients with thrombocytopenia.

HEMASPHERE (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS) Developed by the task force on cardio-oncology of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Alexander R. Lyon et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Rheumatology

Development of a New International Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria Phase I/II Report: Generation and Reduction of Candidate Criteria

Medha Barbhaiya et al.

Summary: An international initiative is underway to develop new classification criteria for identifying patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, resulting in 27 candidate criteria organized into 6 clinical or laboratory domains using evidence- and consensus-based methodology.

ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Hematology

von Willebrand disease: what does the future hold?

Cecile Denis et al.

Summary: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is characterized by its heterogeneous clinical manifestation, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Despite the current effective management, studies show a higher burden on patients' quality of life, especially for women. To improve patient care, potential innovative strategies like gene therapy, protein-based approaches, and antibody-based options are proposed for future VWD treatments.

BLOOD (2021)

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Article Immunology

Tissue-Specificity of Antibodies Raised Against TrkB and p75NTR Receptors; Implications for Platelets as Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Samuel Fleury et al.

Summary: Platelets and neurons share many similarities in terms of secretory mechanisms and neurotransmitter regulation, with platelets serving as a potential peripheral biomarker for neuronal pathologies due to their high levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Despite the abundance of BDNF in platelets, discrepancies in the detection of BDNF receptors on platelets, such as TrkB and p75(NTR), suggest caution in using antibody-based assays for studying neurological disorders. Rigorous characterization of antibodies and bioassays is crucial to understanding the relationship between platelet and neuronal biology of BDNF.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Anti-angiogenic agents - overcoming tumour endothelial cell anergy and improving immunotherapy outcomes

Zowi R. Huinen et al.

Summary: Anti-angiogenic therapy has the potential to enhance antitumor immunity by inhibiting immunosuppressive features of angiogenesis. Combinations of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapy have shown success in clinical trials and have been approved by the FDA. The article discusses the impact of angiogenesis on antitumor immunity, the role of endothelial cells, and the progress in combining anti-angiogenic agents with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Hematology

Fibrinolysis in Patients with Liver Disease

Fien A. von Meijenfeldt et al.

Summary: Patients with liver disease exhibit complex changes in their hemostatic system, with debates on the presence of hyperfibrinolysis and its association with bleeding risk. The lack of clear definitions and reliable tests for hypo- and hyperfibrinolysis in liver disease complicates the understanding of their fibrinolytic state. Large clinical studies on the relationship between bleeding and fibrinolysis in patients with liver disease are limited, highlighting the need for further research in this area.

SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS (2021)

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Article Hematology

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor prompts platelet aggregation and secretion

Imane Boukhatem et al.

Summary: Research has shown that circulating BDNF levels appear to regulate platelet activation, aggregation, and secretion through activation of a truncated TrkB receptor and downstream kinase-dependent signaling. BDNF not only plays a role in neurons but also has important functions in platelets.

BLOOD ADVANCES (2021)

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Review Hematology

Tranexamic acid evidence and controversies: An illustrated review

Nicole Relke et al.

Summary: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a commonly used antifibrinolytic agent for the treatment or prevention of bleeding, with indications ranging from heavy menstrual bleeding to traumatic brain injury. Despite robust evidence, hesitancy in using TXA persists in many clinical settings.

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Healthcare provider perspectives on inequities in access to care for patients with inherited bleeding disorders

Sumedha Arya et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

CD84 Links T Cell and Platelet Activity in Cerebral Thrombo-Inflammation in Acute Stroke

Michael K. Schuhmann et al.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Hematology

Platelet autoantibodies in the bone marrow of patients with immune thrombocytopenia

Sabrina Shrestha et al.

BLOOD ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Vascular surveillance by haptotactic blood platelets in inflammation and infection

Leo Nicolai et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The endothelial protein C receptor plays an essential role in the maintenance of pregnancy

Michelle M. Castillo et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Hematology

Guidance from the Scientific and Standardization Committee for lupus anticoagulant/antiphospholipid antibodies of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Update of the guidelines for lupus anticoagulant detection and interpretation

Katrien M. J. Devreese et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Thrombo-inflammation in acute ischaemic stroke - implications for treatment

Guido Stoll et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2019)

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Review Hematology

Risk of venous and arterial thrombosis in non-surgical patients receiving systemic tranexamic acid: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nicholas L. Jackson Chornenki et al.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Hematology

An ATF6-tPA pathway in hepatocytes contributes to systemic fibrinolysis and is repressed by DACH1

Ze Zheng et al.

BLOOD (2019)

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Article Hematology

Needs and challenges among physicians and researchers in thrombosis and hemostasis: Results from an international study

Suzanne Murray et al.

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2019)

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Article Hematology

Efficacy of emicizumab in a pediatric patient with type 3 von Willebrand disease and alloantibodies

Angela C. Weyand et al.

BLOOD ADVANCES (2019)

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Article Hematology

Laboratory criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome: communication from the SSC of the ISTH

K. M. J. Devreese et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Migrating Platelets Are Mechano-scavengers that Collect and Bundle Bacteria

Florian Gaertner et al.

CELL (2017)

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Article Hematology

Maternal extracellular vesicles and platelets promote preeclampsia via inflammasome activation in trophoblasts

Shrey Kohli et al.

BLOOD (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Megakaryocytes

Pedro Chacon-Fernandez et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2016)

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Review Hematology

Current options for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Donald M. Arnold et al.

SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY (2007)

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