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Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Manojit Bhattacharya et al.
Summary: The Delta variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a highly infectious variant that has caused significant damage during the pandemic. This review focuses on the factors that contribute to its infectivity, the important mutations it carries, and its clinical manifestations and mortality compared to other variants. Practical strategies to minimize the spread of the Delta variant are also discussed.
FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Najmuj Sakib et al.
Summary: The study aimed to translate and validate the FCV-19S scale in Bangla and evaluate its reliability and validity. The Bangla version of FCV-19S showed good internal reliability and consistency, and was significantly correlated with other questionnaires. It can be a useful tool for assessing the psychological impact of fear from COVID-19 infection in the Bangla-speaking population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ana Cecilia Ulloa et al.
Summary: This study compares hospitalizations and deaths associated with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant to those of matched patients infected with the Delta variant.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raquel Viana et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in southern Africa has experienced three distinct waves, driven by different variants. The recently identified Omicron variant has rapidly spread in South Africa and to numerous countries, raising global concern.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clarice Lee et al.
Summary: The study aimed to identify predictors of COVID-19 vaccine intention among Bangladeshi adults. The findings indicate that age, perceived COVID-19 risk, and non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 interventions are factors that predict vaccination intention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. Momsen Reincke et al.
Summary: The Beta variant of concern (VOC) of SARS-CoV-2 shows resistance to neutralization by antibodies from COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals. Researchers have identified specific antibodies in serum from Beta-infected patients that are able to cross-react with the wild type virus. This finding provides insights into the antibody response to antigenic drift and has implications for the development of future vaccines and therapeutics.
Article
Virology
Sultana Zahura Afrin et al.
Summary: This study examined genome sequences from Bangladesh between January 2021 and June 2021 to monitor the prevalent SARS-CoV-2 VOC and clades. The study identified a range of Nextstrain and GISAID clades, introducing VOCs with significant alterations in the spike protein receptor binding site. Specifically, VOC B.1.617.2/Delta has become the dominant variant in Bangladesh, posing challenges to disease management.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pragya D. Yadav et al.
Summary: This study collected samples from travelers and found that SARS-CoV-2 variants are more easily transmitted through international travel. The researchers successfully isolated two strains with high viral RNA loads, which is important for evaluating the protective efficacy of current and upcoming COVID-19 vaccines in India.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hassan M. Al-Emran et al.
Summary: This study found that in Bangladesh, although ChAdOx1 vaccine has been administered, a single dose cannot fully prevent new infection or severe COVID-19 outcomes, which are mainly caused by the B.1.351 variant.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Virology
Pragya D. Yadav et al.
Summary: International travel has been identified as the main cause of the rapid spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants worldwide. Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 revealed that out of 212 positive clinical specimens, 90 had complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes, including 14 with the Eta variant from international travelers and local residents in India. The detection of the Eta variant with the lethal E484K mutation highlights the importance of ongoing genomic surveillance and preventive measures.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Kayzad Nilgiriwala et al.
Summary: This study aimed to understand the proportion of predominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 in postvaccination infections during the Delta dominated second wave of COVID-19 in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region in India, as well as any mutations selected in the postvaccination infections or showing association with patient demographics. The results indicate a trend toward reduction in disease severity as the wave progressed.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Chiranjib Chakraborty et al.
Summary: The study discusses the emergence of alarming SARS-CoV-2 variants globally, highlighting key properties, mutations, and clinical characteristics of both variant of concern (VOC) and variant of interest (VOI) variants. The comprehensive review offers updated information on these newly appearing variants to aid researchers in formulating strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nihad A. M. Al-Rashedi et al.
Summary: Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in China, SARS-CoV-2 has been spreading globally. Genomic surveillance plays a crucial role in tracking the emergence, introduction, and spread of new variants. The rapid increase in COVID-19 infections in Iraq during the second wave is attributed to the introduction of concern variants, likely imported from Europe. Molecular epidemiological analysis revealed the dominance of the B.1.1.7 lineage in Iraq, with multiple strains closely related to those from European countries. A notable frequency of stop codon mutation was observed among the B.1.1.7 lineage sequences, but it didn't significantly affect the function of NS7a protein.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juliet R. C. Pulliam et al.
Summary: This study provides two methods for monitoring reinfection trends in routine surveillance data. The results suggest immune evasion by the Omicron variant in previously infected individuals in South Africa, and there has been an increase in the risk of having a third infection since mid-November 2021.
Review
Virology
Veronica Roxana Flores-Vega et al.
Summary: This review discusses the mutations of SARS-CoV-2 that contribute to the emergence of new viral variants, their impact on viral spread, disease severity, and immune evasion. It also highlights the virus classification systems used by various organizations and provides an overview of the timeline of variant emergence and spike protein mutations related to immune evasion.
Review
Microbiology
Gary McLean et al.
Summary: The emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns about the impact on vaccination programs. Current vaccines are effective against some variants, but effectiveness varies. Booster programs can restore protection against infection and symptomatic disease, but the effectiveness may decrease over time. Antibodies may have reduced neutralizing activity against certain variants, but T-cell responses remain relatively stable.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yuan Liu et al.
Summary: Based on data from South Africa and mathematical modeling, this study found that the Omicron variant is highly transmissible but with significantly lower infection fatality rates than those of previous variants of SARS-CoV-2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Massab Umair et al.
Summary: This study investigates the genomic diversity of circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains during the fourth wave of COVID-19 in Pakistan. The majority of the isolates belong to the delta variant, with one sublineage showing additional spike mutations. Islamabad is the most affected city.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Houriiyah Tegally et al.
Summary: The genomic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5, responsible for the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa, reveals their continued viral diversification and sheds light on the potential mechanisms that allow these new lineages to outcompete their predecessors. These new lineages, BA.4 and BA.5, share identical spike proteins with BA.2 but have certain differences such as the presence of the 69-70 deletion, L452R, F486V, and the wild-type amino acid at Q493. They can be identified by the S-gene target failure, a proxy marker associated with the 69-70 deletion. BA.4 and BA.5 have rapidly replaced BA.2 and have become the dominant lineages in South Africa.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadim Sharif et al.
Summary: Despite the availability of vaccines, the health burden of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rise. Analyzing the evolution and genomic diversity of the virus can provide valuable information to reduce this burden.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tushar Ahmed Shishir et al.
Summary: The highly pathogenic virus SARS-CoV-2 has caused the COVID-19 pandemic, severely impacting global healthcare systems. A study in Bangladesh analyzed 4,622 virus sequences and found 35 major lineages, with Delta accounting for 39% and four primary lineages accounting for 78%. The research identified Dhaka as a hub for viral transmission and observed the virus spreading across the country at different times through a transmission network. Analysis revealed 7,659 unique mutations, with an average of 24.61 missense mutations per sequence. Genetic diversity and mutation patterns showed negative selection pressure in eight genes and positive selection pressure in three genes. This data, along with ongoing genomic surveillance, contributes to understanding SARS-CoV-2, its evolution, and pandemic characteristics in Bangladesh.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Jing Liu et al.
Public Health in Practice
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christian Erikstrup et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant caused a surge in SARS-CoV-2 infections in Denmark despite high vaccination coverage. Using blood donor serosurveillance, the study estimated the percentage of recently infected individuals in the background population and found that one third of infections were missed by PCR testing. The infection fatality rate was lower than previous waves.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
M. Nazmul Hoque et al.
Summary: This study successfully induced mastitis in mice through fecal microbiota transplantation and milk microbiota transplantation, resulting in dysbiosis of the microbiome and perturbations in genomic functions. The results suggest significant differences in microbiome composition between cow and mouse mastitis, indicating a higher discrepancy in mastitis-associated microbiomes among lactating mammals.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cecilia Artico Banho et al.
Summary: The emergence of the Brazilian Gamma variant has impacted the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 cases, with higher transmissibility and immune evasion ability. The study showed that the Gamma variant rapidly increased in prevalence two months after its first detection in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and displaced seven circulating variants. Additionally, it was associated with increased mortality risk and severity of COVID-19 cases in younger age groups.
COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sagar Dholariya et al.
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants due to mutations has made the infection more dangerous, with new strains showing higher viral loads, increased transmissibility, and enhanced resistance to antibodies and vaccines. Monitoring evolving mutations and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for understanding the viral variants.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
M. Nazmul Hoque et al.
Summary: Analysis of microbiome diversity and genomic features in COVID-19 and non-COVID (COPD and URTI) samples can help in developing microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics for respiratory diseases. Future studies should explore microbiome dynamics and host-microbiome interactions using larger sample sizes from diverse ethnic groups and geoclimatic conditions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David N. Fisman et al.
Summary: Research in Ontario, Canada, showed that new variants of concern (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2 have higher risks of hospitalization, ICU admission, and death compared to non-VOC strains, with the Delta variant showing the most pronounced increase in risk.
CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kathy Leung et al.
Summary: Two new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 with the N501Y mutation in the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein have spread rapidly in the United Kingdom. The 501Y lineage without amino acid deletion Delta 69/Delta 70 was estimated to be 10% more transmissible than the 501N lineage, while the 501Y lineage with amino acid deletion Delta 69/Delta 70 was estimated to be 75% more transmissible than the 501N lineage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daming Zhou et al.
Summary: The race to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1, is ongoing as these variants have mutations in the spike protein, potentially leading to immune escape. A structure-function analysis of B.1.351 revealed tighter ACE2 binding and widespread evasion from monoclonal antibody neutralization, particularly driven by the E484K mutation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Houriiyah Tegally et al.
Summary: The article describes a newly emerged lineage of SARS-CoV-2, 501Y.V2, characterized by eight mutations in the spike protein, which may result in increased transmissibility or immune escape. This lineage originated in South Africa and quickly became dominant in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, and KwaZuluNatal provinces within weeks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mahesh S. Dhar et al.
Summary: Delhi experienced multiple severe outbreaks in 2020, reaching a seropositivity rate of >50% by 2021. The Delta variant's high transmissibility and immune evasion led to a surge in cases in Delhi.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daniel J. Grint et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 VOC is spreading across Europe and poses a higher risk of death compared to non-VOC cases, with increased mortality in older individuals and those with comorbidities. This variant has the potential to spread faster and cause higher mortality than previous strains.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lixin Lin et al.
Summary: Studies have shown that Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 have increased severity in terms of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality compared to the wild-type virus, with Beta and Delta variants posing higher risks.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erik Volz et al.
Summary: Genetic and testing data from England indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 has a transmission advantage over other lineages, showing a rapid expansion during autumn 2020. Analysis of S gene target failures (SGTF) in community-based diagnostic PCR testing suggests that B.1.1.7 is more transmissible than non-variant of concern lineages and has a significant transmission advantage, with a reproduction number 50% to 100% higher. Additionally, cases of B.1.1.7 appear to include a larger share of under 20-year-olds compared to non-variant cases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nuno R. Faria et al.
Summary: A new variant of concern, P.1, with 17 mutations including three spike protein mutations associated with increased binding to human ACE2 receptors, emerged in Manaus, Brazil between November 2020 and January 2021. Molecular analysis suggests P.1 may be 1.7- to 2.4-fold more transmissible and that previous infection may provide 54 to 79% protection against P.1 infection compared to other lineages. Enhanced global genomic surveillance of such variants is crucial for pandemic response.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laith J. Abu-Raddad et al.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2021)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Adam
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Moritz U. G. Kraemer et al.
Summary: Understanding the spatial invasion dynamics of the B.1.1.7 lineage, researchers found a multistage process with early growth rates linked to human mobility and asymmetric lineage export from dominant source locations. Additionally, they explored how the spread of B.1.1.7 was influenced by nonpharmaceutical interventions and spatial variation in previous attack rates. The study emphasizes the importance of considering behavioral and epidemiological contexts in accurately interpreting the growth rates of emerging variants of concern.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fan Wu et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peng Zhou et al.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Safiya Richardson et al.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Shaminur Rahman et al.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Boxiang Liu et al.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Nazmul Hoque et al.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
James Hadfield et al.
Article
Virology
Pavel Sagulenko et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lam-Tung Nguyen et al.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazutaka Katoh et al.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2013)
