Covalent functionalization of MoS2

MoS2 nanosheets have been used extensively in catalytic, electronic, optoelectronic and electrochemical research due to their diverse properties that are often determined by the method of fabrication. Fine tuning of the colloidal behaviour, specific interactions and further reactivity of the materials is typically achieved by subsequent surface modifications. Arguably the most permanent of these involve covalent attachment of molecules to either the molybdenum or the sulphur atoms in the lattice. Here we review of the nascent field of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) covalent functionalization and explore the prospective avenues for hybrid organic-inorganic nanomaterials.