Egg yolk-derived phosphorus and nitrogen dual doped nano carbon capsules for high-performance lithium ion batteries

Egg yolk-derived P and N dual doped nano carbon capsules (PNCCs) have been synthesized and used as lithium ion battery anodes. The application of egg yolk as the carbon source is a new and environmental friendly approach for biomass recycling. The reversible capacity of half cells made of PNCCs is as high as similar to 770 mA h g(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A g(-1) with considerable rate capacity and cycling stability. PNCCs show a capsule-like structure, which provide extra edges and active sites for lithium intercalation. The heteroatom doping also introduce defects and disorder, which increases the electrochemical activity and creates more active sites for lithium insertion. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.