A genetic algorithm-based strategic planning framework for optimising accessibility and costs of general practices in Northland, New Zealand

Shortage of general practitioners (GP) is a challenge worldwide, not only in Europe, but also in countries like New Zealand. Providing primary care in rural areas is especially challenging. In order to support decision makers, it is necessary to first assess the current GP coverage and then to determine different scenarios and plans for the future. In this paper, we first present a thorough overview of related literature on locating GP practices. Second, we propose an approach for assessing the GP coverage and determining future GP locations based on a genetic algorithm framework. As a use case, we have chosen the rural New Zealand region of Northland. We also perform a sensitivity analysis for the main input parameters.

Automated summary

Shortage of general practitioners is a global challenge, including in New Zealand. Providing primary care in rural areas is particularly difficult. This paper provides an overview of literature on locating GP practices and proposes an approach to assess coverage and determine future GP locations using a genetic algorithm framework. The rural region of Northland in New Zealand is used as a case study, and a sensitivity analysis for key input parameters is performed.