Editorial: Manual Versus Automated Methods of IVUS Analysis - The Future of Core Laboratory Appears Gloomy!

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Intravascular imaging assessment of pharmacotherapies targeting atherosclerosis: advantages and limitations in predicting their prognostic implications

Vincenzo Tufaro et al.

Summary: Intravascular imaging plays an important role in assessing the effectiveness of drug therapies targeting atherosclerosis. Serial intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, or near-infrared spectroscopy-intravascular ultrasound studies allow for evaluation of the impact of different treatments on plaque burden and morphology. However, established intravascular imaging surrogate endpoints have limited efficacy in predicting the prognostic value of these therapies, necessitating the development of alternative imaging endpoints based on multimodality/hybrid intravascular imaging.

CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH (2023)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Intravascular Imaging During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Alexander G. Truesdell et al.

Summary: Coronary angiography has been the standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease and guiding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Intravascular imaging (IVI) technologies are used in conjunction with angiography to better assess plaque morphology and optimize PCI. IVI has utility in preintervention assessment, procedural guidance, and postintervention evaluation. IVI's role in reducing major adverse cardiac events in complex lesions is emerging, and further studies are underway. This paper provides an overview of available IVI technologies, reviews evidence supporting their use in PCI, and advocates for broader utilization.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2023)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Intravascular Imaging-Guided or Angiography-Guided Complex PCI

Joo Myung Lee et al.

Summary: This study found that intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can reduce the risk of death from cardiac causes, target-vessel-related myocardial infarction, or clinically driven target-vessel revascularization compared to angiography-guided PCI in patients with complex coronary-artery lesions.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Effect of High-Intensity Statin Therapy on Atherosclerosis (IBIS-4): Manual Versus Automated Methods of IVUS Analysis

Ronald D. Bass et al.

Summary: The aim of this study is to determine if the results from a core laboratory (CL) can be replicated with a machine learning (ML) algorithm. The study found that ML algorithm can effectively reproduce the analysis results of the CL.

CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Machine learning for atherosclerotic tissue component classification in combined near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound imaging: Validation against histology

Retesh Bajaj et al.

Summary: This study utilizes a machine learning classifier combined with IVUS echogenicity and NIRS signal to classify plaque components, with histology as the reference standard. The results show that the combination of NIRS signal and echogenicity helps overcome the limitations of echogenicity and improves the accuracy of plaque component classification.

ATHEROSCLEROSIS (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Deep learning-based intravascular ultrasound segmentation for the assessment of coronary artery disease

Takeshi Nishi et al.

Summary: This study developed a deep learning method for automatic segmentation of IVUS images, including stent area along with lumen and vessel area. The DL-based segmentation showed good correlation and agreement with manual segmentation by experts, indicating the feasibility of AI-assisted IVUS assessment in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems