期刊
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
卷 77, 期 3, 页码 1151-1161出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26202
关键词
SSFP; bSSFP; steady state; trueFISP; MRF; fingerprinting; pSSFP
Purpose: This article discusses the signal behavior in the case the flip angle in steady-state free precession sequences is continuously varied as suggested for MR-fingerprinting sequences. Flip angle variations prevent the establishment of a steady state and introduce instabilities regarding to magnetic field inhomogeneities and intravoxel dephasing. We show how a pseudo steady state can be achieved, which restores the spin echo nature of steady-state free precession. Methods: Based on geometrical considerations, relationships between the flip angle, repetition and echo time are derived that suffice to the establishment of a pseudo steady state. The theory is tested with Bloch simulations as well as phantom and in vivo experiments. Results: A typical steady-state free precession passband can be restored with the proposed conditions. The stability of the pseudo steady state is demonstrated by comparing the evolution of the signal of a single isochromat to one resulting from a spin ensemble. As confirmed by experiments, magnetization in a pseudo steady state can be described with fewer degrees of freedom compared to the original fingerprinting and the pseudo steady state results in more reliable parameter maps. Conclusion: The proposed conditions restore the spin-echolike signal behavior typical for steady-state free precession in fingerprinting sequences, making this approach more robust to B-0 variations. (C) 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
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