期刊
MACROMOLECULES
卷 49, 期 19, 页码 7268-7276出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01485
关键词
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资金
- JONAS-Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung and Kunst Baden-Wurttemberg, Stuttgart, Germany
Glycerol serves as the exclusive bio feedstock for the preparation of high purity sorbitol tricarbonate (STC) as new intermediate for poly(carbohydrate urethane) thermosets and 100% bio-based non-isocyanate polyhydroxyurethane (NIPU) coatings. In this process, glycerol-based acrolein is dimerized, carbonated, and oxidized, thus producing the highly reactive diepoxy functional ethylene carbonate (DOC), which by facile chemical CO2 fixation yields high purity. STC. Opposite to most state-of-the-art multifunctional five-membered cyclic carbonates and regardless of the feedstock used for its manufacture, STC enables amine curing at ambient temperature even in the absence of catalysts. According to FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic analyses of the amine/carbonate reaction kinetics, the internal cyclic carbonate group is 3 times more reactive with respect to the two terminal carbonate groups. This is attributed to the electron withdrawing effect of terminal cyclic carbonates. Curing STC with a blend of bio-based flexible and rigid diamines such as dimer fatty acid-based diamine (Priamine 1074) and isophorone diamine affords poly(carbohydrate urethane) thermosets and NIPU coatings exhibiting substantially improved thermal and mechanical properties.
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