Evaluation of potential inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase, pancreatic lipase, and cancer cell lines using raw leaves extracts of three fabaceae species

The present study examined the biological potential and phytochemicals of Sophora mollis, Mucuna pruriens, and Indigofera atropurpurea methanolic leaf extracts. In vitro antiacetylcholinesterase and anti-lipase assays were performed using different concentrations of plant extracts, and the IC50 values were determined. The cytotoxic potential of the selected plant extracts was assessed against HeLa, PC3, and 3T3 cell lines using an MTT assay. S. mollis leaf extract displayed the highest inhibition percentage (114.60% & PLUSMN; 19.95 at 1000 & mu;g/mL) for the anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with a prominent IC50 value of 75.9 & mu;g/mL. The anti-lipase potential was highest with the M. pruriens leaf extract (355.5 & mu;g/mL IC50), followed by the S. mollis extract (862.7 & mu;g/mL IC50). Among the cell lines tested, the cytotoxic potential of the I. atropurpurea extract (91.1 ppm IC50) against the PC3 cell line was promising. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, rutin trihydrate, and quercetin dihydrate in varying concentrations in all plant species. The concentration of chlorogenic acid (69.09 ppm) was highest in M. pruriens, and the caffeic acid concentration (45.20 ppm) was higher in S. mollis. This paper reports the presence of bioactive therapeutic compounds in selected species of the Fabaceae family that could be micro propagated, isolated, and utilized in pharmaceutical industries.

Automated summary

This study examined the biological potential and phytochemicals of Sophora mollis, Mucuna pruriens, and Indigofera atropurpurea leaf extracts. In vitro assays showed the antiacetylcholinesterase and anti-lipase activities of the plant extracts, with S. mollis displaying the highest inhibition percentage for anti-acetylcholinesterase activity and M. pruriens for anti-lipase activity. Cytotoxic potential against different cell lines was observed, with I. atropurpurea showing promising results against the PC3 cell line. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed the presence of various therapeutic compounds in the plant species.