4.4 Review

What Is the Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome?

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Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Clarification of the definition of hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Robert H. Anderson et al.

Summary: There is still no consensus on the anatomical combinations that make up the hypoplastic left heart syndrome, but it is argued that an intact ventricular septum should be included in the definition to allow for accurate predictions of the condition's morphogenesis.

NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cell Biology

A mouse model of hypoplastic left heart syndrome demonstrating left heart hypoplasia and retrograde aortic arch flow

Anum Rahman et al.

Summary: This study reports the successful development of a surgically induced mouse model that overcomes previous limitations, providing a fully penetrant cardiac phenotype with retrograde aortic arch flow, non-apex-forming left ventricles, and hypoplastic ascending aortas, allowing mice to survive to term.

DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Flow disturbances and the development of endocardial fibroelastosis

Viktoria Weixler et al.

JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY (2020)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Pathologic Characteristics of 119 Archived Specimens Showing the Phenotypic Features of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Elizabeth H. Stephens et al.

SEMINARS IN THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY (2020)

Article Genetics & Heredity

The complex genetics of hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Xiaoqin Liu et al.

NATURE GENETICS (2017)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Re-evaluation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome from a developmental and morphological perspective

A. Crucean et al.

ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES (2017)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The nomenclature, definition and classification of hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Christo I. Tchervenkov et al.

CARDIOLOGY IN THE YOUNG (2006)