Microbial decontamination of gamma irradiated black tea and determination of major minerals in black tea, fresh tea leaves and tea garden soil

The purpose of this research was to establish an effective dose of gamma irradiation to eliminate any possible bacterial contamination as well as assess the levels of essential major elements (sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe)] present in black tea. The samples were compared to fresh tea leaves and soil from the tea gardens of two distinct tea cultivating regions (Sylhet and Moulvibazar) in Bangladesh. Maximum coliform bacterial contaminants (4.0 x 10(2) cfu/g) were completely eliminated following an irradiation dose of 2.5 kGy, whereas a viable bacterial load of 9.0 x 10(3) cfu/g was completely eliminated at 5.0 kGy. Major elements were present at higher concentrations in black tea samples originating from Sylhet compared to those from Moulvibazar. Among the analyzed elements, only Na and Fe were present at higher concentrations in the fresh tea leaves from Sylhet, whereas K, Ca and Mg were observed at higher concentrations in the tea leaves from Moulvibazar. The amount of each mineral in the black tea is acceptable for daily intake and is safe for consumption. It is concluded that black tea from Bangladesh is a rich source of minerals and could be free of microbial contamination after receiving 5.0 kGy of gamma radiation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.