Role of Genomic and Molecular Biology in the Modulation of the Treatment of Endometrial Cancer: Narrative Review and Perspectives

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies in Western countries. Traditionally, loco-reginal dissemination and histological characteristics are the main prognostic factors. Nowadays, molecular and genomic profiling showed exciting results in terms of prognostication. According to the data provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas and other studies, molecular and genomic profiling might be useful in identifying patients al low, intermediate, and high risk of recurrence. However, data regarding the therapeutic value are scant. Several prospective studies are ongoing to identify the most appropriate adjuvant strategy in EC patients, especially for those with positive nodes and low volume disease. The molecular classification has offered the possibility to improve the risk stratification and management of EC. The aim of this review is to focus on the evolution of molecular classification in EC and its impact on the research approach and on clinical management. Molecular and genomic profiling might be useful to tailor the most appropriate adjuvant strategies in apparent early-stage EC.

Automated summary

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy, and molecular and genomic profiling have shown promise in predicting recurrence risk. However, there is limited data on therapeutic value. Ongoing studies are focused on identifying appropriate adjuvant strategies, especially for patients with positive nodes and low volume disease. Molecular classification has the potential to improve risk stratification and management in EC patients. This review aims to explore the evolution of molecular classification and its impact on research and clinical management.