In Vitro and In Vivo Functional Viability, and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Bovine Serum Albumin-Ingrained Microemulsion: A Model Based on Sesame Oil as the Payload for Developing an Efficient Drug Delivery Platform

Combination of bovine serum albumin with microemulsions as constituting ingredient biopolymer has long been regarded an innovative method to address the surface functionalization and stability issues in the targeted payload deliveries, thereupon producing effectively modified microemulsions, which are superior in loading capacity, transitional and shelf-stability, as well as site-directed/site-preferred delivery, has become a favored option. The current study aimed to develop an efficient, suitable and functional microemulsion system encapsulating sesame oil (SO) as a model payload towards developing an efficient delivery platform. UV-VIS, FT-IR, and FE-SEM were used to characterize, and analyze the developed carrier. Physicochemical properties assessments of the microemulsion by dynamic light scattering size distributions, zeta-potential, and electron micrographic analyses were performed. The mechanical properties for rheological behavior were also studied. The HFF-2 cell line and hemolysis assays were conducted to ascertain the cell viability, and in vitro biocompatibility. The in vivo toxicity was determined based on a predicted median lethal dose (LD50) model, wherein the liver enzymes' functions were also tested to assess and confirm the predicted toxicity.

Automated summary

Combining bovine serum albumin with microemulsions as a biopolymer ingredient is an innovative method for addressing surface functionalization and stability issues in targeted payload deliveries. The current study aimed to develop an efficient microemulsion system encapsulating sesame oil as a model payload for efficient delivery. Characterization and analysis of the developed carrier were performed using UV-VIS, FT-IR, and FE-SEM. Physicochemical properties of the microemulsion were assessed and analyzed using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, electron microscopy, and rheological behavior. In vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to evaluate cell viability, biocompatibility, and toxicity.