Impact of Thyroid Cancer Treatment on Renal Function: A Relevant Issue to Be Addressed

Thyroid cancers require complex and heterogeneous therapies with different impacts on renal function. In our systematic literature review, we analyzed several aspects: renal function assessment, the impact of radiotherapy and thyroid surgery on kidney functioning, and mechanisms of nephrotoxicity of different chemotherapy, targeted and immunologic drugs. Our study revealed that the renal impact of thyroid cancer therapy can be a limiting factor in all radiotherapy, surgery, and pharmacological approaches. It is advisable to conduct a careful nephrological follow-up imposing the application of body surface based estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) formulas for the purpose of an early diagnosis and treatment of renal failure, guaranteeing the therapy continuation to thyroid cancer patients.

Automated summary

Thyroid cancer therapy can have a significant impact on renal function, making careful nephrological follow-up essential. Our study explored various aspects of this impact, including assessment methods, the effects of radiotherapy and surgery, and the nephrotoxicity mechanisms of different drugs. We recommend using body surface-based estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) formulas for early detection and treatment of renal failure, ensuring the continuation of therapy for thyroid cancer patients.