Association of Prescription Co-payment With Adherence to Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Therapies in Patients With Heart Failure and Diabetes

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022

Summary: The American Diabetes Association's Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes provides clinical practice recommendations and tools to evaluate quality of care. It is updated regularly by a committee of experts.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Utilization Rates of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Their Facility-Level Variation Among Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From the Department of Veterans Affairs

Dhruv Mahtta et al.

Summary: There is increasing evidence for the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA among patients with ASCVD and T2DM. However, the overall utilization rates of these drug classes are low, with significant facility-level variation in their use. Younger non-Hispanic White patients were more likely to receive these cardioprotective glucose-lowering drugs.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Incidence and Predictors of Primary Nonadherence to Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Agonists in a Large Integrated Healthcare System

Jing Luo et al.

Summary: The study found that one third of patients did not fill their prescription for glucose-lowering drugs within 30 days. Factors such as older age, black race, male sex, presence of diabetic nephropathy and hyperlipidemia were associated with higher odds of primary nonadherence. On the other hand, female sex, peripheral artery disease, and having the prescription ordered by an endocrinologist were associated with lower odds of primary nonadherence.

JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Relation of Household Income to Access and Adherence to Combination Sacubitril/Valsartan in Heart Failure: A Retrospective Analysis of Commercially Insured Patients

Amber E. Johnson et al.

Summary: The study reveals that lower household income is associated with decreased odds of having a claim for and adhering to sacubitril/valsartan among patients with HFrEF. This association persists even after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors.

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association of formulary restrictions and initiation of an SGLT2i or GLP1-RA among Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes

Jing Luo et al.

Summary: This study found that Medicare beneficiaries with T2D are more likely to initiate the use of SGLT2i or GLP-1RA if there are more target drugs available in the formulary tiers. However, older age (75 years or older) and black race were associated with lower odds of initiating a target drug.

DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE (2022)

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Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Leaving the Social Vacuum: Expanding Cardiovascular Guidelines to Embrace Equity

Jared W. Magnani et al.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Diabetes Care Among Older Adults Enrolled in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare Fee-For-Service Plans: The Diabetes Collaborative Registry

Utibe R. Essien et al.

Summary: This study compares the quality of diabetes care under Medicare Advantage (MA) and traditional fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare. The results show that while MA plans provide greater access to preventive care, they may not lead to improved health outcomes in the mid-term. MA beneficiaries are also less likely to receive newer antihyperglycemic therapies.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Cardiac Rehabilitation Participation: Effect Modification by Household Income

Joshua Garfein et al.

Summary: This study evaluated racial and income disparities in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participation among insured US adults. The results showed that Asian, Black, and Hispanic individuals were less likely to participate in CR and had longer time to attendance. Household income may impact the link between race or ethnicity and attendance at CR.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Beyond Detecting and Understanding Disparities in Novel Diabetes Treatment Need for a Major Shift in Pharmacoequity Research

Utibe R. Essien et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Race and Ethnicity With Prescription of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP1 Receptor Agonists Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Veterans Health Administration System

Julio A. Lamprea-Montealegre et al.

Summary: This study investigated the differences in the prescription of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) among adult patients with type 2 diabetes by racial and ethnic groups. The results showed that individuals of several different racial groups and those of Hispanic ethnicity had lower odds of receiving prescriptions for these medications compared with individuals of White race and non-Hispanic ethnicity. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these differences and their potential impact on clinical outcomes.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the use of newer diabetes medications in the Look AHEAD study

Ahmed Elhussein et al.

Summary: The study found racial/ethnic disparities in the initiation of newer diabetes medications, with lower initiation rates among Black and American Indian or Alaskan Native participants. Economic factors also play a role in the decision to start using newer diabetes medications.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-AMERICAS (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the use of newer diabetes medications in the Look AHEAD study

Ahmed Elhussein et al.

Summary: The study found significant racial/ethnic disparities in the initiation of newer diabetes medications among patients with type 2 diabetes, independent of socioeconomic factors, which may lead to worse health outcomes.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-AMERICAS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Utilization Rates of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Their Facility-Level Variation Among Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From the Department of Veterans Affairs

Dhruv Mahtta et al.

Summary: The study found low utilization rates of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA among patients with ASCVD and T2DM within the Veterans Affairs health care system in the United States from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. There was significant residual facility-level variation in the use of these drug classes.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

A Policy Prescription for Reducing Health Disparities-Achieving Pharmacoequity

Utibe R. Essien et al.

Summary: Pharmacoequity aims to ensure that all individuals have access to the highest-quality medications needed to manage their health needs, and this can be achieved through various measures and strategies.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Non-warfarin oral anticoagulant copayments and adherence in atrial fibrillation: A population-based cohort study

Benjamin N. Rome et al.

Summary: This study found that higher copayments in commercial insurance for NOACs were associated with lower adherence and higher rates of discontinuation in the first year among newly initiating atrial fibrillation patients. Policies to lower or limit cost sharing of important medications may lead to improved adherence and better outcomes among patients receiving NOACs.

AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update A Report From the American Heart Association

Salim S. Virani et al.

Summary: The American Heart Association, in partnership with the National Institutes of Health, publishes annual statistics on heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including the impact of health behaviors and factors on cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update covers a range of clinical heart and circulatory conditions, providing data on quality of care, procedures, and economic costs. It serves as a critical resource for various stakeholders seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

CIRCULATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Use Among Patients With Diabetes in the US

Lauren A. Eberly et al.

Summary: This study showed that Black and female patients as well as those with low socioeconomic status were less likely to receive SGLT2 inhibitor treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes in the US.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022 Abridged for Primary Care Providers

Clinical Diabetes (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Inequities in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use Among Patients With Diabetes in the US

Lauren A. Eberly et al.

Summary: This study highlights the racial, ethnic, sex, and socioeconomic inequities related to the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among patients with type 2 diabetes in the US. Despite an increase in GLP-1 RA use, disparities persist with lower usage rates among Asian, Black, Hispanic, and low-income patients. Lowering barriers to GLP-1 RA use is crucial to address documented inequities in cardiovascular outcomes in the US.

JAMA HEALTH FORUM (2021)

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Letter Health Care Sciences & Services