F- competitive attack decomposing parasitic product Al(OH)(3) of hydrogel-based Al-air battery

Wearable Al-air batteries are regarded as the potential power systems for flexible electronics due to the ultra-high capacity and energy density of Al-based materials. However, the battery failure caused by the accumulation of parasitic product Al(OH)(3) upon the anode surface has hindered the commercialization. Herein, we report a polyacrylic acid hydrogel integrating KF and KOH (F@PAA), which decompose Al(OH)(3) for ameliorating discharge performance of wearable Al-air battery. The ions channels upon the anode surface are dredged by a competitive attack of F on Al-O, thus improving the battery durability. The results show that the binding of Al3+ with F- s more stable than that with O2- The formed complex AlF(6)(3-)corrodes the passivation layer, and then ensures the continuous anodic oxidation. When 1.0 M F is introduced into F@PAA hydrogel, the effect of byproduct decomposition and battery discharge are optimal. Hence, A wearable Al-air battery using the proposed hydrogel achieves a maximum power density of 58.28 mW/cm(2). A high capacity of 2199.10 mAh/g and anode efficiency of 73.80% for the battery can be obtained at 10 mA/cm(2). Moreover, the key performance of the battery is improved by up to 104.08%, developing interface cleaning technology in wearable Al-air batteries.

Automated summary

In this study, a polyacrylic acid hydrogel integrating KF and KOH (F@PAA) was developed to decompose the parasitic product Al(OH)(3) and improve the discharge performance of wearable Al-air batteries. The competitive attack of F on Al-O cleared the ions channels on the anode surface, leading to improved battery durability. The introduction of 1.0 M F into the F@PAA hydrogel resulted in optimal byproduct decomposition and battery discharge. The proposed hydrogel enabled a wearable Al-air battery to achieve a maximum power density of 58.28 mW/cm(2), high capacity of 2199.10 mAh/g, and anode efficiency of 73.80% at 10 mA/cm(2). Additionally, the development of interface cleaning technology in wearable Al-air batteries improved the key performance of the battery by up to 104.08%.