Fluid storage tanks: A review on dynamic behaviour modelling, seismic energy-dissipating devices, structural control, and structural health monitoring techniques

Liquid storage tanks are the lifeline and critical structures for strategic industries including petrochemical and aerospace industries, refineries, hospitals, water supply and storage systems, and wineries, to name but a few. Any damages caused by severe environmental occurrences like earthquakes to these structures can jeopardize the reliability and stability of both the tank-liquid system and related industries while risking environmental and human safety as well. Therefore, considering appropriate dynamic modelling, seismic protection, vibration mitigation, and structural health monitoring techniques for these structures are of crucial importance and require significant attention. In this review, pioneering as well as modified and recently developed dynamic modelling procedures proposed in the literature for fluid storage tanks, and their limitations and powers have been discussed. Soil-structure-fluid interaction, different types of damages observed in previous disasters, structural health monitoring and vibration control techniques, and energy-dissipating devices recommended so far for seismic protection of these vital structures have been examined. Current challenges, research gaps, future potential opportunities, and suggestions are considered, too.

Automated summary

Liquid storage tanks are critical structures for strategic industries, and damages to these tanks caused by environmental occurrences like earthquakes can have severe consequences on the reliability and stability of the tank-liquid system and related industries. Therefore, it is crucial to focus on dynamic modelling, seismic protection, vibration mitigation, and structural health monitoring techniques for these structures.