MXenes and their transformation to composites for potential applications

MXenes are the newborn star in material exploration in diverse applications for its unique surface properties and physico-chemical characteristics. However, the uniqueness of MXene is not fully exploited because of certain limitations attributed from its preparation method and insufficient fine tuning of MXenes and its composites according to the desired applications. Therefore, a brief overview on different fabrication methods of MXene together with the popular transformations of MXene used to boost the performance of pristine MXene are dis-cussed in this review. In addition, potential applications of MXenes namely electrochemical energy storage devices, sensors, water splitting, environmental remediation, flame retardant, direct fuel cells and more, are discussed thoroughly with the challenges and perceptive faced by MXenes and its composites to give a full complement on MXenes in every application. The perceptive section in this review is given extra attention to shorten the current research gap and concurrently to pave the future direction of MXene which focuses more on commercialization.

Automated summary

In this review, the different fabrication methods of MXene and its performance enhancement techniques are discussed. The potential applications of MXenes in electrochemical energy storage devices, sensors, water splitting, environmental remediation, flame retardant, direct fuel cells, etc., are thoroughly discussed. The challenges and prospects faced by MXenes and its composites are also explored.