Minimally Invasive Treatment Options for Hepatic Uveal Melanoma Metastases

Uveal melanoma is one of the most common primary intraocular malignancies that accounts for about 85% of all ocular melanomas. The pathophysiology of uveal melanoma is distinct from cutaneous melanoma and has separate tumor profiles. The management of uveal melanoma is largely dependent on the presence of metastases, which confers a poor prognosis with a one-year survival reaching only 15%. Although a better understanding of tumor biology has led to the development of novel pharmacologic agents, there is increasing demand for minimally invasive management of hepatic uveal melanoma metastases. Multiple studies have already summarized the systemic therapeutic options available for metastatic uveal melanoma. This review covers the current research for the most prevalent locoregional treatment options for metastatic uveal melanoma including percutaneous hepatic perfusion, immunoembolization, chemoembolization, thermal ablation, and radioembolization.

Automated summary

Uveal melanoma is a common form of ocular melanoma, accounting for 85% of all cases. Its pathophysiology and treatment options differ from cutaneous melanoma. The prognosis for uveal melanoma with metastases is poor, with a one-year survival rate of only 15%. This review focuses on locoregional treatment options for hepatic uveal melanoma metastases, including percutaneous hepatic perfusion, immunoembolization, chemoembolization, thermal ablation, and radioembolization.