期刊
DIAGNOSTICS
卷 13, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050956
关键词
peripheral nerve; quantitative ultrasound; B-mode; elastography; shear wave; ultrasound echogenicity
This review article describes the quantitative ultrasound (QUS) techniques for peripheral nerves, including B-mode echogenicity measurements, ultrasound elastography, and the characterization of raw backscattered ultrasound radiofrequency (RF) signals. QUS techniques allow the objective evaluation of peripheral nerves and reduce biases that can influence qualitative B-mode imaging. The strengths and limitations of applying QUS techniques to peripheral nerves are discussed.
Aim: This review article describes quantitative ultrasound (QUS) techniques and summarizes their strengths and limitations when applied to peripheral nerves. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on publications after 1990 in Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases. The search terms peripheral nerve, quantitative ultrasound, and elastography ultrasound were used to identify studies related to this investigation. Results: Based on this literature review, QUS investigations performed on peripheral nerves can be categorized into three main groups: (1) B-mode echogenicity measurements, which are affected by a variety of post-processing algorithms applied during image formation and in subsequent B-mode images; (2) ultrasound (US) elastography, which examines tissue stiffness or elasticity through modalities such as strain ultrasonography or shear wave elastography (SWE). With strain ultrasonography, induced tissue strain, caused by internal or external compression stimuli that distort the tissue, is measured by tracking detectable speckles in the B-mode images. In SWE, the propagation speed of shear waves, generated by externally applied mechanical vibrations or internal US push pulse stimuli, is measured to estimate tissue elasticity; (3) the characterization of raw backscattered ultrasound radiofrequency (RF) signals, which provide fundamental ultrasonic tissue parameters, such as the acoustic attenuation and backscattered coefficients, that reflect tissue composition and microstructural properties. Conclusions: QUS techniques allow the objective evaluation of peripheral nerves and reduce operator- or system-associated biases that can influence qualitative B-mode imaging. The application of QUS techniques to peripheral nerves, including their strengths and limitations, were described and discussed in this review to enhance clinical translation.
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