Oral Sources of Salivary Metabolites

The oral cavity is very diverse, wherein saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral health. The metabolism of saliva has been used to investigate oral diseases as well as general diseases, mainly to detect diagnostic biomarkers. There are many sources of salivary metabolites in the mouth. Online English language sources and the PubMed database were searched to retrieve relevant studies on oral salivary metabolites. The physiological balance of the mouth is influenced by many factors that are reflected in the salivary metabolite profile. Similarly, the dysbiosis of microbes can alter the salivary metabolite profile, which may express oral inflammation or oral diseases. This narrative review highlights the factors to be considered when examining saliva and its use as a diagnostic biofluid for different diseases. Salivary metabolites, mainly small-molecule metabolites may enter the bloodstream and cause illness elsewhere in the body. The importance of salivary metabolites produced in the oral cavity as risk factors for general diseases and their possible relationship to the body's function are also discussed.

Automated summary

The oral cavity is diverse and saliva plays a vital role in oral health maintenance. Saliva metabolism has been used to investigate oral and general diseases by detecting diagnostic biomarkers. There are multiple sources of salivary metabolites in the mouth. This review emphasizes the factors to consider when examining saliva as a diagnostic biofluid for various diseases, including the potential risk factors for general diseases and their relationship to overall body function.