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Article
Microbiology
Laura Dabos et al.
Summary: OXA-48-producing Enterobacterales have disseminated globally, with several variants reported, differing by a few amino acid substitutions or deletions, mostly in the /35-/36 loop region. OXA-517, a natural variant of OXA-48, with an Arg214Lys substitution and a deletion in the β5-β6 loop, has the ability to hydrolyze extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems. This study highlights the remarkable ability of OXA-48-like carbapenemases to evolve through mutation/deletion in the β5-β6 loop to expand their hydrolysis spectrum.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alexis M. Carey et al.
Summary: This study investigated the presence of fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from dairy calves. The results suggest that ESBL-producing E. coli may be associated with additional qnrB or mph(A) resistance genes, and these bacteria are more abundant in younger calves.
Article
Microbiology
Laura Dabos et al.
Summary: Since the first description of OXA-48, more than forty variants have been recovered from Enterobacterales isolates. Some OXA-48-related enzymes exhibit similar resistance patterns, while others have reduced or marginal hydrolysis activity against certain antibiotics. Establishing hydrolytic cutoffs is urgent in determining the classification of an OXA-48-like enzyme as a carbapenemase or not.
Article
Microbiology
Lorena Patricia Gaviria et al.
Summary: The study investigated antimicrobial resistance in urinary ESBL-EC isolates at Cerdanya Hospital and found high genetic diversity among the 19 different sequence types identified. The most prevalent ESBL enzymes were CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15, with high-risk international clones such as ST131, ST10, and ST405 also present. The absence of a single predominant clone of ESBL-MDR-EC at Cerdanya Hospital was demonstrated by the results.
Article
Microbiology
Agnes B. Jousset et al.
Summary: Resistance to the combination of ceftazidime (CAZ) and avibactam (AVI) is increasing, with a CAZ-AVI-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain reported here. This strain, belonging to the high-risk sequence type 307 (ST307) clone, produces Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase 39 (KPC-39), a single-amino-acid variant of KPC3. The study found that KPC-39 has lost carbapenemase activity but shows increased affinity for CAZ, suggesting potential silent dissemination in European healthcare settings.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Remy A. Bonnin et al.
Summary: Gram-negative bacteria, especially Enterobacterales, play a significant role in global antimicrobial resistance, with resistance potentially affecting all major classes of anti-gram-negative agents and becoming multidrug resistant or even pan-drug resistant. Beta-lactamase-mediated resistance challenges even the most powerful beta-lactams like carbapenems, with dissemination of carbapenemases-encoding genes among Enterobacterales being a major concern. Different classes of carbapenemases, with varying biochemical properties and detection methods, contribute to the genetic diversity of acquired carbapenemases in Enterobacterales.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Francois Javaudin et al.
Summary: The study investigated the efficacy of oral and rectal phage therapy in reducing ESBL E. coli gut carriage in mice. The results showed transient reduction in bacterial concentration with oral phage administration, but no significant change in bacterial titre in certain models, indicating the challenges of phage therapy in reducing carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Chloe De Witte et al.
Summary: This study found MDR BSBL-producing bacteria in the feces of zoo mammals in two zoos in Belgium. The majority of isolates were identified as E. coli, with most showing multidrug resistance. Clustering analysis confirmed relatedness among E. coli isolates from the same animal species. Further research is needed to assess the zoonotic and health risks posed by these bacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Zahie Abboud et al.
Summary: This study investigated the etiology of mastitis-causing pathogens in Northern Lebanon, identifying Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus agalactiae, E. coli, and Staphylococcus aureus as the most frequently identified species. The study also found resistance to common antibiotics among bacteria and detected ESBL and AmpC genes in some E. coli isolates. These findings highlight the alarming risk of antimicrobial resistance in the Lebanese dairy chain.
Article
Microbiology
Claudia Stein et al.
Summary: The integrative method described in this study allows for the detection of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria on surfaces and fomites in patient environments. By using Polywipes(TM) to sample surfaces and specific qPCR primers for detection, the spread of these bacteria within patient rooms can be effectively tracked.
Article
Microbiology
Sara Madzgalla et al.
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant impact of specific substitutions on the resistance phenotype of TEM variants, with mathematical modeling accurately predicting the strongest phenotype-relevant substitutions but facing difficulties in identifying less prevalent but still phenotype-transforming ones. In most cases, mutations increasing cephalosporin resistance resulted in increased sensitivity to beta-lactamase inhibitors and vice versa, indicating the rarity of the combined phenotype.
Article
Microbiology
Alessandra Piccirilli et al.
Summary: This study identified thirteen K. pneumoniae lineages spreading among long-term care facilities in Northern Italy, with the prevalence of ST307, ST512, and ST37 as major lineages. The most widespread resistance genes in these facilities were bla(KPC-2), bla(KPC-3), bla(KPC-9), bla(SHV-11), bla(SHV-28), bla(CTX-M-15), bla(OXA-1), bla(OXA-9), bla(OXA-23), qnrS1, qnrB19, qnrB66, aac(6 ')-Ib-cr, and fosA. Additionally, KPC carbapenemases were found to be the most common beta-lactamases.
Article
Microbiology
Sammy Frenk et al.
Summary: Using whole-genome sequencing and cloning, a novel bla(OXA-900) carbapenemase was identified, likely originating from marine environmental Shewanella. The plasmid-mediated gene may gain wide dissemination among Enterobacterales as it evades detection by commonly used tests.
Article
Microbiology
Nahid Karami et al.
Summary: Plasmid-mediated multidrug resistance in E. coli is increasingly prevalent globally. Transmission of bla(CTX-M) plasmids appears to be a rare event during the course of recurrent urinary tract infections, but successful plasmids may be associated with specific strains or more easily transmitted.
Article
Microbiology
Isabel Carvalho et al.
Summary: This study found different ESBL variants of CTX-M and SHV types, especially CTX-M-15 and SHV-12, among ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, sometimes associated with carbapenemase genes.
Review
Microbiology
Johann D. D. Pitout et al.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Soledad Ramirez et al.
Review
Immunology
Robert A. Bonomo et al.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thierry Naas et al.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2017)
