The Effect of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis Bi-26 on Simulated Infant Gut Microbiome and Metabolites

Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Safety and efficacy of a probiotic-containing infant formula supplemented with 2'-fucosyllactose: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Philippe Alliet et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that an infant formula containing 2'FL and L. reuteri supports age-appropriate growth, is well-tolerated, and may help regulate gut microbiota composition.

NUTRITION JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The Impact of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics during Pregnancy or Lactation on the Intestinal Microbiota of Children Born by Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review

Sandra Martin-Pelaez et al.

Summary: The ingestion of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics during pregnancy and/or lactation has a positive effect on the development of the gut microbiota in C-section newborns, making them more similar to vaginally delivered newborns, especially in terms of Bifidobacterium colonization.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Evaluation of 2'-Fucosyllactose and Bifidobacterium longum Subspecies infantis on Growth, Organ Weights, and Intestinal Development of Piglets

Victoria C. Daniels et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of supplementing piglet formula with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 (Bi-26) on piglet growth and intestinal development. The results showed that the addition of 2'-FL and/or Bi-26 supported piglet growth without detrimental effects on body weight, organ weight, or intestinal structure and function.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Microbiology

In Vitro Probiotic Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota and 2′Fucosyllactose Consumption in Fecal Cultures from Infants at Two Months of Age

Alicja M. Nogacka et al.

Summary: 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is a highly abundant oligosaccharide in human milk that benefits neonatal health. This study evaluated the impact of different probiotic strains or a probiotic formulation on the microbiota and degradation of 2'-FL. Results showed that certain probiotic strains promoted the degradation of 2'-FL in slow-degrading microbiota. Additionally, significant changes in microbiota composition and metabolic activity were observed with specific probiotic strains or the probiotic formulation in slow degraders. Further research is needed to understand the role of host intestinal microbiota in the efficacy of these strains.

MICROORGANISMS (2022)

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Review Microbiology

Why Are Bifidobacteria Important for Infants?

Gerrit A. Stuivenberg et al.

Summary: Bifidobacterium species in the maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota play an important role in newborns' intestinal colonization and long-term health. Their ability to utilize human milk oligosaccharides contributes to their establishment as beneficial microorganisms. Reduced abundance of Bifidobacterium in infants has been associated with increased risks of obesity, diabetes, metabolic disorders, and all-cause mortality. Probiotic strains have been developed to supplement premature babies and provide various health benefits. Bifidobacterium acts as a core component of a healthy infant through adulthood by modulating the immune response and producing short-chain fatty acids that strengthen the gut barrier and regulate the gut microbiome.

MICROORGANISMS (2022)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Untangling human milk oligosaccharides and infant gut microbiome

Andrea C. Masi et al.

Summary: The developing gut microbiome in infancy plays a crucial role in shaping the host immune system and metabolic state, and human milk is the main factor influencing its composition. Human milk not only serves to feed the baby but also helps the newborn adapt to its new environment and microbial exposures.

ISCIENCE (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

In vitro models of gut digestion across childhood: current developments, challenges and future trends

Elora Fournier et al.

Summary: This article reviews the development of child gut physiology and the use of in vitro models to study it. Research has shown that the child digestive tract undergoes significant changes in the first few years of life, including colonization of gut microbiota and exposure to environmental compounds. In vitro models are increasingly used due to ethical and technical limitations, and can simulate different stages of digestion from the oral phase to the colon compartment. These models have important applications in nutritional, pharmaceutical, and microbiological studies.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

In vitro fermentation of human milk oligosaccharides by individual Bifidobacterium longum-dominant infant fecal inocula

Hongye Li et al.

Summary: This study examined the fermentation characteristics of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) by different Bifidobacterium longum-dominant infant fecal microbiota in vitro. Results showed that different types of HMOs had varying effects on fermentation rates and metabolite production, with sialylated HMOs producing less lactate. Additionally, HMOs and GOS were found to maintain or increase the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum, while FOS promoted Klebsiella pneumoniae.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Growth and Gastrointestinal Tolerance in Healthy Term Infants Fed Milk-Based Infant Formula Supplemented with Five Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs): A Randomized Multicenter Trial

John Lasekan et al.

Summary: In healthy term infants, a formula containing five HMOs supports normal growth, gastrointestinal tolerance, and safe use, similar to human milk.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Lactose Differentially Affect Infant Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier In Vitro

Jane Mea Natividad et al.

Summary: The study suggests that the addition of complex HMO mixtures may promote the growth of bifidobacterial communities and protect the intestinal barrier from inflammatory imbalances in infants.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Breastfeeding Affects Concentration of Faecal Short Chain Fatty Acids During the First Year of Life: Results of the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Igor Loniewski et al.

Summary: Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites of the gut microbiota. This study analyzed the concentration of fecal SCFAs in infants and evaluated the influence of feeding method on these compounds. The results showed that the type of feeding influenced the content of SCFAs in feces in the first few months of life.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Infant Formula With a Specific Blend of Five Human Milk Oligosaccharides Drives the Gut Microbiota Development and Improves Gut Maturation Markers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Miroslava Bosheva et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of an infant formula containing five HMOs on gut maturation. The results showed that this formula can support the development of the intestinal immune system and gut barrier function, and shift the gut microbiome closer to that of breastfed infants.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

Selective Utilization of the Human Milk Oligosaccharides 2′-Fucosyllactose, 3-Fucosyllactose, and Difucosyllactose by Various Probiotic and Pathogenic Bacteria

Krista Salli et al.

Summary: Research shows that only certain bifidobacteria and Bacteroides species can utilize human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) as their sole carbon source, promoting beneficial bacteria growth, while other bacteria prefer utilizing other carbon sources such as prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides, lactose, and glucose.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

A Comparison of the In Vitro Effects of 2'Fucosyllactose and Lactose on the Composition and Activity of Gut Microbiota from Infants and Toddlers

Pieter Van den Abbeele et al.

Summary: The study found that human milk oligosaccharides can significantly increase the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae in the gut microbiota fermentation process, promoting the production of beneficial substances such as propionate and butyrate while reducing discomfort.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Early-Life Development of the Bifidobacterial Community in the Infant Gut

Silvia Saturio et al.

Summary: The establishment of the gut microbiota is influenced by factors such as gestational age, delivery mode, and infant feeding habits, leading to qualitative and quantitative changes in the bifidobacterial population. Understanding the impact of perinatal factors on the gut microbiota, especially at low taxonomic levels, is crucial for the development of rational strategies for promoting a healthy early microbiota development. The study provides insights for selecting the most suitable Bifidobacterium species for different groups of neonates and developing bifidobacteria-based products.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Ecology

Key bacterial taxa and metabolic pathways affecting gut short-chain fatty acid profiles in early life

Naoki Tsukuda et al.

Summary: This study explored the early life relationships between SCFA and gut microbiota by analyzing faecal samples collected from 12 subjects over the first two years of life. The research identified three distinct phases of SCFA profiles and their associations with specific gut microbiota. The results showed that butyrate production was linked to Clostridiales species and breastfeeding cessation, while formate production was associated with infant-type bifidobacterial species and HMO-derived fucose.

ISME JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Role of Bifidobacteria on Infant Health

Silvia Saturio et al.

Summary: Bifidobacteria are crucial microorganisms during infancy, playing a dominant role in the healthy development of breastfed infants. The different species and quantities of Bifidobacteria have been shown to be important for infant health, with reduced levels potentially linked to infant diseases. Bifidobacterium strains are extensively studied for their probiotic properties, with research on their use as probiotics in neonates.

MICROORGANISMS (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Impact of 2′-Fucosyllactose on Gut Microbiota Composition in Adults with Chronic Gastrointestinal Conditions: Batch Culture Fermentation Model and Pilot Clinical Trial Findings

Jennifer Joan Ryan et al.

Summary: 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) has bifidogenic and butyrogenic effects, which can improve intestinal dysbiosis in patients with IBS and ulcerative colitis, leading to improvements in their quality of life.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The Relationship Between Breast Milk Components and the Infant Gut Microbiota

Gaelle Boudry et al.

Summary: The assembly of gut microbiota in newborns during the first months of life is a coordinated process influenced by early bacterial colonization, environmental factors, and maternal diet. Breastfeeding plays a crucial role in shaping a healthy microbiota in infants, with human milk composition impacting the establishment of gut microbiota. Understanding these mechanisms can provide opportunities for programming health through microbiota modulation in early life.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Clinical Evaluation of 16-Week Supplementation with 5HMO-Mix in Healthy-Term Human Infants to Determine Tolerability, Safety, and Effect on Growth

Katja Parschat et al.

Summary: The study shows that adding 5HMO-Mix to infant formula has no negative impact on the growth of healthy term infants, and the subjects tolerate it well, producing effects similar to breastfeeding.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Influence of 2′-Fucosyllactose on the Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Activity of Fecal Cultures from Breastfed and Formula-Fed Infants at Two Months of Age

Alicja M. Nogacka et al.

Summary: The study highlights the impact of HMOs, particularly 2'FL, on the establishment of intestinal microbiota, with the rate of 2'FL degradation being a crucial factor influencing microbiota evolution. Further research is needed to fully understand how early intervention with HMOs may affect the microbiota based on its ability to utilize 2'FL.

MICROORGANISMS (2021)

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Article Microbiology

2′FL and LNnT Exert Antipathogenic Effects against C. difficile ATCC 9689 In Vitro, Coinciding with Increased Levels of Bifidobacteriaceae and/or Secondary Bile Acids

Louise Kristine Vigsnaes et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in combating Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) by reducing pathogen levels and enhancing beneficial microbial growth, aiding in the recovery of intestinal dysbiosis and prevention of CDI recurrence after antibiotic therapy.

PATHOGENS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Distinct fermentation of human milk oligosaccharides 3-FL and LNT2 and GOS/inulin by infant gut microbiota and impact on adhesion of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 to gut epithelial cells

Chunli Kong et al.

Summary: Research shows that the fermentation of 3-FL and LNT2 has different effects on the gut microbiota and colonization of commensal bacteria.

FOOD & FUNCTION (2021)

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Article Ecology

Breast milk-derived human milk oligosaccharides promote Bifidobacterium interactions within a single ecosystem

Melissa A. E. Lawson et al.

ISME JOURNAL (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation

Mikiyasu Sakanaka et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Linking Human Milk Oligosaccharides, Infant Fecal Community Types, and Later Risk To Require Antibiotics

Bernard Berger et al.

mBio (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

The Response of the Gut Microbiota to Dietary Changes in the First Two Years of Life

Yichen Li et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Recovery of Vaginal Microbiota after Standard Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis Infection: An Observational Study

Liisa Lehtoranta et al.

MICROORGANISMS (2020)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on the Adult Gut Microbiota and Barrier Function

Tanja Suligoj et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Strain-specific strategies of 2′-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, and difucosyllactose assimilation by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 and ATCC 15697

Bryan E. Zabel et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Nutritional and Non-nutritional Composition of Human Milk Is Modulated by Maternal, Infant, and Methodological Factors

Tinu Mary Samuel et al.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2020)

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Proceedings Paper Nutrition & Dietetics

Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Structure and Functions

Lars Bode

MILK, MUCOSAL IMMUNITY AND THE MICROBIOME: IMPACT ON THE NEONATE (2020)

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Letter Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2

Evan Bolyen et al.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Novel Genes and Metabolite Trends in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 Metabolism of Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2′-fucosyllactose

Bryan Zabel et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Article Food Science & Technology

2′-Fucosyllactose alters the composition and activity of gut microbiota from formula-fed infants receiving complementary feeding in a validated intestinal model

P. Van den Abbeele et al.

JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The effect of 2′-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose

Krista Salli et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Microbiome Development in Neonates

Clara Yieh Lin Chong et al.

NUTRIENTS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

CoMiniGut - a small volume in vitro colon model for the screening of gut microbial fermentation processes

Maria Wiese et al.

PEERJ (2018)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Human milk oligosaccharide consumption by probiotic and human-associated bifidobacteria and lactobacilli

Taksawan Thongaram et al.

JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE (2017)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Effects of Infant Formula With Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Growth and Morbidity: A Randomized Multicenter Trial

Giuseppe Puccio et al.

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION (2017)

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Review Microbiology

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Christian Milani et al.

MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS (2017)

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Article Microbiology

Evolution of gut microbiota composition from birth to 24 weeks in the INFANTMET Cohort

Cian J. Hill et al.

MICROBIOME (2017)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Infants Fed a Lower Calorie Formula With 2′FL Show Growth and 2′FL Uptake Like Breast-Fed Infants

Barbara J. Marriage et al.

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION (2015)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Fecal Microbiota Composition of Breast-Fed Infants Is Correlated With Human Milk Oligosaccharides Consumed

Mei Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Utilization of major fucosylated and sialylated human milk oligosaccharides by isolated human gut microbes

Zhuo-Teng Yu et al.

GLYCOBIOLOGY (2013)

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Article Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications

nparLD: An R Software Package for the Nonparametric Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Factorial Experiments

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JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE (2012)

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Article Microbiology

Xylo-oligosaccharides and lactitol promote the growth of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus species in pure cultures

H. Makelainen et al.

BENEFICIAL MICROBES (2010)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Influence of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and lactitol on healthy elderly: intestinal and immune parameters

Arthur C. Ouwehand et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION (2009)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The effect of cocoa and polydextrose on bacterial fermentation in gastrointestinal tract simulations

Harri Maekivuokko et al.

BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2007)

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Article Food Science & Technology

The effects of polydextrose and xylitol on microbial community and activity in a 4-stage colon simulator

H. S. Makelainen et al.

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE (2007)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effects of lactose on colon microbial community structure and function in a four-stage semi-continuous culture system

Haiti A. Makivuokko et al.

BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2006)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

UniFrac: a new phylogenetic method for comparing microbial communities

C Lozupone et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2005)

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Article Oncology

In vitro effects on polydextrose by colonic bacteria and caco-2 cell cyclooxygenase gene expression

H Makivuokko et al.

NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL (2005)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Culture-independent microbial community analysis reveals that inulin in the diet primarily affects previously unknown bacteria in the mouse cecum

JHA Apajalahti et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2002)

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The Effect of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis Bi-26 on Simulated Infant Gut Microbiome and Metabolites

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